Modifiable Factors Associated with Prolonged Dialysis Recovery Time and Fatigue in Hemodialysis Patients.

Key Points: A negative change in serum sodium during a dialysis session is an independent factor associated with prolonged dialysis recovery time. Lower hemoglobin is an independent factor associated with fatigue in hemodialysis patients. Hemodiafiltration use in patients age ≥85 years is associated with a longer dialysis recovery time.

Hair cortisol concentration in finishing pigs on commercial farms: variability between pigs, batches, and farms.

Hair cortisol is a stress indicator and could be used to assess the pigs' exposure to stressors in the weeks/months prior to non-invasive hair sampling. The main aim of this study was to describe the hair cortisol concentration (HCC) variability between individuals within a batch, between farms and between batches within a farm. The secondary aim was to determine how the number of sampled pigs influences the characterization of HCC within a batch.

Novel personalized treatment strategy for patients with chronic stroke with severe upper-extremity impairment: The first patient of the AVANCER trial.

Background: Around 25% of patients who have had a stroke suffer from severe upper-limb impairment and lack effective rehabilitation strategies. The AVANCER proof-of-concept clinical trial (NCT04448483) tackles this issue through an intensive and personalized-dosage cumulative intervention that combines multiple non-invasive neurotechnologies.

Methods: The therapy consists of two sequential interventions, lasting until the patient shows no further motor improvement, for a minimum of 11 sessions each.

Effects of improved early-life conditions on health, welfare, and performance of pigs raised on a conventional farm.

Nowadays, most pigs are raised indoors, on intensive farms providing a poor environment. In these conditions, the risk of the occurrence of damaging behaviours is high, with dramatic consequences for animal health and welfare as well as economic losses for farmers. Early-life conditions may predispose individuals to develop damaging behaviours later in life.

Pathogen exposure influences immune parameters around weaning in pigs reared in commercial farms.

Background: Multiple antigenic stimulations are crucial to immune system training during early post-natal life. These stimulations can be either due to commensals, which accounts for the acquisition and maintenance of tolerance, or to pathogens, which triggers immunity. In pig, only few works previously explored the influence of natural exposition to pathogens upon immune competence.

A Novel Patient-Tailored, Cumulative Neurotechnology-Based Therapy for Upper-Limb Rehabilitation in Severely Impaired Chronic Stroke Patients: The Study Protocol.

Effective, patient-tailored rehabilitation to restore upper-limb motor function in severely impaired stroke patients is still missing. If suitably combined and administered in a personalized fashion, neurotechnologies offer a large potential to assist rehabilitative therapies to enhance individual treatment effects. AVANCER (clinicaltrials.

Nonhypoalbuminemic Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Dogs as Disease Model.

Background: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide, emphasizing the need of relevant models, as dogs spontaneously affected by IBD may be, for better knowledge of the disease's physiopathology.

Methods: We studied 22 client-owned dogs suffering from IBD without protein loss and 14 control dogs. Biopsies were obtained from the duodenum, ileum, and colon.

Recent growth trends of conifers across Western Europe are controlled by thermal and water constraints and favored by forest heterogeneity.

Tree growing conditions are changing rapidly in the face of climate change. Capturing tree-growth response to such changes across environmental contexts and tree species calls for a continuous forest monitoring over space. Based on >10,000 tree-ring measurements sampled across the systematic grid of the continuous French national forest inventory (NFI) over the 2006-2016 period, we evaluated the radial growth trends of eight conifer tree species prevalent in European forests across their native and introduced ranges and various bioclimatic contexts (n = 16 forest systems).

[12-year history of radical surgery indications for the treatment of prostate cancer].

Aim: To analyze the indications of radical prostatectomy and lymph node dissection retained during the last 12 years in an academic surgical center in the Paris region in order to ensure their adequacy in relation to the current clinical guidelines.

Method: Monocentric retrospective study of prospectively collected data, between 2007 and 2019. Analysis of the clinical and pathological characteristics which were taken into account during multidisciplinary meeting discussion for the treatment decision, and comparison of their evolution over the four 3-year period corresponding to the clinical guideline updates.

Methodologies for Assessing Disease Tolerance in Pigs.

Features of intensive farming can seriously threaten pig homeostasis, well-being and productivity. Disease tolerance of an organism is the adaptive ability in preserving homeostasis and at the same time limiting the detrimental impact that infection can inflict on its health and performance without affecting pathogen burden . While disease resistance (DRs) can be assessed measuring appropriately the pathogen burden within the host, the tolerance cannot be quantified easily.

[Does the delay from prostate biopsy to radical prostatectomy influence the risk of biochemical recurrence?].

Introduction: The influence of the delay between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy for patients with localized prostate cancer is controversial. The objective of this study was to establish a time limit between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy beyond which the risks of upgradging and biochemical recurrence (BCR) are increased.

Material And Methods: Between January 2013 and January 2017, a retrospective analysis of the clinical, biological and histological data of 513 patients treated with radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer was performed in a single center.

β2-adrenergic stimulation of dendritic cells favors IL-10 secretion by CD4 T cells.

Adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists are extensively used as drugs in medicine for a broad spectrum of indications. We examined the consequences of β2-adrenergic stimulation of murine dendritic cells (DCs) on CD4 T cell activation. We demonstrated in vitro that treatment of LPS-matured DCs with the β2-agonist salbutamol reduced their ability to trigger OT-II T cell proliferation specific for ovalbumin antigen.

β2-adrenoreceptor stimulation dampens the LPS-induced M1 polarization in pig macrophages.

The cross-talk between sympatho-adreno-medullar axis and innate immunity players was mainly studied in rodents. In intensive husbandry, pigs are exposed to multiple stressors inducing repeated releases of catecholamines that bind to adrenoreceptors (AR) on target cells. Among adrenoreceptors, the β2-AR is largely expressed by immune cells including macrophages.

Aminoaciduria Caused by Fanconi Syndrome in a Heifer.

A case study of renal tubular dysfunction consistent with idiopathic Fanconi syndrome is reported in an 18-month-old Holstein heifer. The clinical, biochemical, and histopathological features are described. The heifer had clinical signs of growth retardation, wasting, and persistent diarrhea.

A Phase 3, Double-Blind, Randomized, Active Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety of MenAfriVac in Healthy Malians.

Background: A safe, affordable, and highly immunogenic meningococcal A conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT, MenAfriVac) was developed to control epidemic group A meningitis in Africa. Documentation of the safety specifications of the PsA-TT vaccine was warranted, with sufficient exposure to detect potential rare vaccine-related adverse reactions.

Methods: This phase 3, double-blind, randomized, active controlled clinical study was designed to evaluate the safety--primarily vaccine-related serious adverse events (SAEs)--up to 3 months after administration of a single dose of the PsA-TT vaccine to subjects aged 1-29 years in Mali.

Safety Monitoring in Group A Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine Trials: Description, Challenges, and Lessons.

Background: The determination of the safety profile of any vaccine is critical to its widespread use in any population. In addition, the application of international guidelines to fit local context could be a challenging but important step toward obtaining quality safety data.

Methods: In clinical studies of PsA-TT (MenAfriVac), safety was monitored immediately after vaccination, at 4-7 days for postimmunization local and systemic reactions, within 28 days for adverse events, and throughout the duration of study for serious adverse events.