Neuropsychological outcome of indoor rehabilitation in post-COVID-19 condition-results of the PoCoRe study.

Background: Post COVID-19 condition (PCC) is increasingly recognized as a debilitating condition characterized by persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neuropsychological deficits, including cognitive impairments and fatigue, are prevalent in individuals with PCC. The PoCoRe study aimed to evaluate the burden of neuropsychological deficits in PCC patients undergoing multidisciplinary indoor rehabilitation and to describe possible changes in this symptomatology.

Circulating tumor cell plasticity determines breast cancer therapy resistance via neuregulin 1-HER3 signaling.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) drive metastasis, the leading cause of death in individuals with breast cancer. Due to their low abundance in the circulation, robust CTC expansion protocols are urgently needed to effectively study disease progression and therapy responses. Here we present the establishment of long-term CTC-derived organoids from female individuals with metastatic breast cancer.

Concomitant suppression of COX-1 and COX-2 is insufficient to induce enteropathy associated with chronic NSAID use.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most widely used medications for the management of chronic pain; however, they are associated with numerous gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events. Although many mechanisms have been suggested, NSAID-induced enteropathy has been thought to be primarily due to inhibition of both cyclooxygenases (COX) -1 and -2, which results in suppression of prostaglandin synthesis. Yet surprisingly, we found that concomitant postnatal deletion of and over 10 months failed to cause intestinal injury in mice unless they were treated with naproxen or its structural analog, phenylpropionic acid, which is not a COX inhibitor.

Profiles of Primary School Children's Sports Participation and Their Motor Competencies.

Background/objectives: Children participate in various organized and informal physical activities (PAs) in their leisure time, presenting diverse objectives and environments for motor and social development. However, current research often focuses on specific, mostly organized activities, overlooking the complexity of participation across different settings. This study aimed to (1) identify groups of children with similar characteristics based on their participation in five organized and informal sports activities and (2) examine how the groups differ regarding gender, age, BMI, motor competencies (MCs), and attendance in institutionalized care at school.

A tailored intervention for the detection of patients with coronary heart disease and mental or cognitive comorbidities in the German primary care setting: qualitative evaluation of implementation success.

Background: Guidelines recommend the identification of potential mental and/or cognitive disorders (MCD) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, compliance with these guidelines appears to be lacking in primary care. A minimal invasive intervention was tailored with experts for the primary care setting to increase the identification of this patient group and ensure proper treatment.

Stress from environmental change drives clearance of a persistent enteric virus.

Persistent viral infections are associated with long-term health issues and prolonged transmission. How external perturbations after initial exposure affect the duration of infection is unclear. We discovered that murine astrovirus, an enteric RNA virus, persists indefinitely when mice remain unperturbed but is cleared rapidly after cage change.

PolyASite v3.0: a multi-species atlas of polyadenylation sites inferred from single-cell RNA-sequencing data.

The broadly used 10X Genomics technology for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) captures RNA 3' ends. Thus, some reads contain part of the non-templated polyadenosine tails, providing direct evidence for the sites of 3' end cleavage and polyadenylation on the respective RNAs. Taking advantage of this property, we recently developed the SCINPAS workflow to infer polyadenylation sites (PASs) from scRNA-seq data.

Two-stage group-sequential designs with delayed responses - what is the point of applying corresponding methods?

Background: In group-sequential designs, it is typically assumed that there is no time gap between patient enrollment and outcome measurement in clinical trials. However, in practice, there is usually a lag between the two time points. This can affect the statistical analysis of the data, especially in trials with interim analyses.

DECOMICS, a shiny application for unsupervised cell type deconvolution and biological interpretation of bulk omic data.

Summary: Unsupervised deconvolution algorithms are often used to estimate cell composition from bulk tissue samples. However, applying cell-type deconvolution and interpreting the results remain a challenge, even more without prior training in bioinformatics. Here, we propose a tool for estimating and identifying cell type composition from bulk transcriptomes or methylomes.

Sample size recalculation in three-stage clinical trials and its evaluation.

Background: In clinical trials, the determination of an adequate sample size is a challenging task, mainly due to the uncertainty about the value of the effect size and nuisance parameters. One method to deal with this uncertainty is a sample size recalculation. Thereby, an interim analysis is performed based on which the sample size for the remaining trial is adapted.

Differences in changes of data completeness after the implementation of an electronic medical record in three surgical departments of a German hospital-a longitudinal comparative document analysis.

Purpose: The European health data space promises an efficient environment for research and policy-making. However, this data space is dependent on high data quality. The implementation of electronic medical record systems has a positive impact on data quality, but improvements are not consistent across empirical studies.

Mucin adhesion of serial cystic fibrosis airways isolates.

The chronic airway infections with are the major co-morbidity in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Within CF lungs, persists in the conducting airways together with human mucins as the most abundant structural component of its microenvironment. We investigated the adhesion of 41 serial CF airway isolates to airway mucin preparations from CF sputa.

STIC2 selectively binds ribosome-nascent chain complexes in the cotranslational sorting of Arabidopsis thylakoid proteins.

Chloroplast-encoded multi-span thylakoid membrane proteins are crucial for photosynthetic complexes, yet the coordination of their biogenesis remains poorly understood. To identify factors that specifically support the cotranslational biogenesis of the reaction center protein D1 of photosystem (PS) II, we generated and affinity-purified stalled ribosome-nascent chain complexes (RNCs) bearing D1 nascent chains. Stalled RNCs translating the soluble ribosomal subunit uS2c were used for comparison.

Acid-Mediated Modulation of the Conductance of Diazapentalene Molecular Junctions.

We report an acid-mediated regulation of single-molecule junction conductance achieved using an electron-deficient unit, diazapentalene, functionalized with thiophene extending units and thiomethyl aurophilic terminal groups. This diazapentalene derivative exhibits a protonation reaction in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid, as characterized by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and the protonated species shows a voltage-dependent single-molecule conductance, which is not observed for the pristine molecules. Specifically, under a high bias voltage of 850 mV, we observe a conductance value for the protonated molecule larger than that for the deprotonated one by a factor of 4.

Sample Size Calculation Under Nonproportional Hazards Using Average Hazard Ratios.

Many clinical trials assess time-to-event endpoints. To describe the difference between groups in terms of time to event, we often employ hazard ratios. However, the hazard ratio is only informative in the case of proportional hazards (PHs) over time.

Fluorescence changes in carbon nanotube sensors correlate with THz absorption of hydration.

Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) functionalized with (bio-)polymers such as DNA are soluble in water and sense analytes by analyte-specific changes of their intrinsic fluorescence. Such SWCNT-based (bio-)sensors translate the binding of a molecule (molecular recognition) into a measurable optical signal. This signal transduction is crucial for all types of molecular sensors to achieve high sensitivities.

Differential online and offline effects of theta-tACS on memory encoding and retrieval.

Theta oscillations support memory formation, but their exact contribution to the communication between prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus is unknown. We tested the functional relevance of theta oscillations as a communication link between both areas for memory formation using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). Healthy, young participants learned two lists of Dutch-German word pairs and retrieved them immediately and with a 30-min delay.

Interleukin-22 Promotes Cell Proliferation to Combat Virus Infection in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Interferon lambdas (IFN-λs) are crucial to control virus infections at mucosal surfaces. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) was reported to help IFN-λ control rotavirus infection in the intestinal epithelium of mice either by aiding in the induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) or by increasing cell proliferation thereby clearing virally infected cells. We investigated whether IL-22 and IFN-λs exhibit similar synergistic effects in human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) models.