Lifestyle intervention reduces risk score for cardiovascular mortality in company employees with pre-diabetes or diabetes mellitus - A secondary analysis of the PreFord randomized controlled trial with 3 years of follow-up.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of a multimodal intervention (including exercise training, psychosocial interventions, nutrition coaching, smoking cessation program, medical care) on the health and long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk of company employees with pre-diabetes or diabetes mellitus (DM) at high CVD risk.

Methods: In the PreFord study, German company employees (n=4196) participated in a free-of-charge CVD mortality risk screening at their workplace. Based on their European Society of Cardiology - Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation score (ESC-SCORE), they were subdivided into three risk groups.

A deep learning method for grid-free localization and quantification of sound sources.

In this contribution it is examined whether the use of deep neural networks can lead to an accurate characterization of single point sources from microphone array data. Based on conventional beamforming maps, the proposed method aims at estimating the source coordinates and the strength. The residual network architecture, a well-established model in the field of image recognition, is successfully applied to this task.

Substantial improvement of primary cardiovascular prevention by a systematic score-based multimodal approach: A randomized trial: The PreFord-Study.

Unlabelled: Trial design Prospective randomized multicentre interventional study. Methods Individual cardiovascular risk assessment in Ford Company, Germany employees ( n = 4.196), using the European Society of Cardiology-Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (ESC-SCORE) for classification into three risk groups.

[The effects of multimodal intervention for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases on depression, anxiety, and Type-D pattern: initial results of the randomized controlled PreFord trial].

Depression, anxiety, and Type-D pattern are associated with the earlier development and faster progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the randomized controlled PreFord trial was to improve multiple biological and psychosocial risk factors in the primary prevention of CVD. A total of 447 women and men with an ESC risk score >5% were randomly assigned to either multimodal or routine care groups.

Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged type 2 diabetic automobile employees assessed at the workplace--the Praeford study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide contemporary data on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged diabetic employees in Germany.

Methods: Cardiovascular risk factors were assessed at the workplace in employees of the automobile industry who identified themselves as having type 2 diabetes mellitus. The proportion of subjects reaching the target values for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was analyzed.

[The PreFord Study. A prospective cohort study to evaluate the risk of a cardiovascular event (overall-collective) as well as a prospective, randomized, controlled, multicentre clinical intervention study (high-risk-collective) on primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the Ford Motor Company employees in Germany].

The PreFord Study is a multicenter prospective cohort study to evaluate guideline based risk management on primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore a randomised controlled trial (RCT) will be designed to analyse the effect of a special intervention program. 40,000 employees of the Ford Motor Company, Visteon Company and Deutz Company in Germany will be included, monitored for ten years and the following primary endpoints will be investigated: 1.

Pain assessment and management in critically ill postoperative and trauma patients: a multisite study.

Background: Pain in critically ill patients is undertreated.

Objectives: To examine patients' perceptions of pain and acute pain management practices in a large metropolitan area to provide direction for improvements in pain relief.

Methods: In a descriptive, correlational study, data were collected from 213 patients in 13 hospitals.

Endoscopic (-ERC) fibrin sealing and histoacryl sealing of an abscess induced bilio-hepatico-cutaneous and a bilio-hepatico-phrenico-bronchial fistulous system.

We report the case of a female patient with persisting bilio-bronchial and bilio-cutaneous fistulae originating in the right liver lobe. The causative factor was a subphrenic liver abscess which had been adequately and successfully treated. No biliary obstruction was detectable on admission.

Adenocarcinoma arising from ectopic gastric pancreas: two case reports with a review of the literature.

Adenocarcinoma is a common histological diagnosis of gastric neoplasias. Only if typical elements of pancreatic structures are found nearby or in the tumor, this particular origin can be proven. The development of a carcinoma within ectopic (or heterotopic) pancreas is extremely rare.

Influence of cholesterol supply on cell growth and differentiation in cultured enterocytes (CaCo-2).

When used as treatment for hypercholesterolemia HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors will first pass through and act upon the gut mucosa. Although cholesterol availability is essential for cell growth of the intestinal mucosa adverse intestinal events are rare which is possibly due to hitherto undefined compensatory mechanisms. In the present work we therefore studied the long-term influence of mevinolin on proliferation and differentiation of CaCo-2 cells as an enterocyte model and their response upon the cholesterol supply of different origin.

HDL3-mediated cholesterol efflux from cultured enterocytes: the role of apoproteins A-I and A-II.

High density lipoproteins (HDL) were recently demonstrated in an enterocyte model (CaCo-2 cells) to mediate reverse cholesterol transport by retroendocytosis. The present study was carried out to define the role of the major HDL apoproteins (apo) A-I and apo A-II in this pathway. HDL3 was fractionated by heparin affinity chromatography into the two main fractions containing either apo A-I only (fraction A) or both apo A-I and apo A-II (fraction B).

Gastroduodenal ulcer hemorrhage: endoscopic injection therapy using a fibrin sealant.

In a retrospective analysis of bleeding upper gastrointestinal ulcers we examined the clinical outcome of the patients observed during the period 1989-1991. Out of 452 patients with benign gastric or duodenal ulcers, 85 patients exhibited stigmata of fresh bleeding (5.9% Forrest Ia, 24.

Polyamine deficiency impairs proliferation and differentiation of cultured enterocytes (CaCo-2).

The polyamine dependence of enterocyte growth and differentiation was studied in the human intestinal cell line CaCo-2 using a specific inhibitor of the key enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). ODC was highest during the initial phase of rapid growth and was inhibited in a dose dependent fashion by DFMO at 0.06-2 mM.

[Idiopathic ulcer of the small intestine].

The authors report on a female patient, 32 years old, suffering for eight years from recurrent and progressive abdominal pain, combined with chronic anemia, due to iron deficiency. Neither anamnesis and clinical course, nor technical examinations elucidated the etiology. Finally an explorative laparotomy with segmental resection of the small intestine led to diagnosis and healing of the rare "idiopathic small bowel ulcer".

[Bilateral rupture of the quadriceps tendon--case report and review of the literature].

We report a very rare case of bilateral simultaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendons in a 64-year-old patient following a minor trauma. The reconstruction of the ruptured tendons was achieved by intertwined PDS-sutures which were supportively fixed in the patellae. After wound healing, the patient was mobilized in his two casts which were applied for 6 weeks.

Mevinolin, a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, suppresses enterocyte esterification of exogenous but not endogenous cholesterol.

Mevinolin (lovastatin), a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, directly inhibited acyl-CoA cholesteryl acyltransferase in rabbit intestinal microsomes at a dose of 20 micrograms/ml or more. Lineweaver-Burk analysis showed a competitive type of inhibition with respect to oleoyl-CoA. In cultured intestinal Caco-2 cells, mevinolin reduced [14C]oleate incorporation into cholesteryl-esters by 86% of controls at doses as low as 0.

High-density lipoprotein 3 retroendocytosis: a new lipoprotein pathway in the enterocyte (Caco-2).

The present study in Caco-2 cells, derived from a human colon carcinoma and capable of enterocyte differentiation in culture, describes a retroendocytotic pathway for high-density lipoprotein 3 (HDL3). These cells exhibit specific binding of apolipoprotein E-free HDL3 which was competed for by HDL3 but not by low-density lipoproteins. At 37 degrees C, degradation was negligible and intact particles were internalized and resecreted into the medium within 2 hours.

Regulation of cholesterol metabolism and low-density lipoprotein binding in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.

In the present paper, the regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, acylcoenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) binding was studied in the human colon cancer carcinoma cell line Caco-2. LDL down-regulated HMG-CoA reductase activity in a dose-dependent fashion to a minimum of 28% of control at 200 micrograms/ml and LDL binding to 52% of control. The activity of ACAT was stimulated by LDL.

HDL3-retroendocytosis in cultured small intestinal crypt cells: a novel mechanism of cholesterol efflux.

The present study in IEC-6 crypt-derived rat epithelial cells describes a retroendocytotic pathway for HDL3. These intestinal cells exhibited specific binding of apoE free HDL3 with a maximal binding capacity of 2980 ng/mg cell protein and a Kd of 36.4 micrograms/ml.

Compartmentalization of cholesterol metabolism and cellular growth in cultured intestinal crypt cells.

Growth of rat intestinal crypt derived cells IEC-6 ceased when the key enzyme of cholesterol synthesis, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase, was blocked by the competitive inhibitor mevinolin. This effect was reversed by the addition of mevalonolactone. LDL suppressed reductase activity as well as cholesterol synthesis from [14C]octanoate and stimulated acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase, but failed to support cell growth despite rapid receptor mediated degradation even in the presence of low mevalonolactone concentrations.