Outcome prediction based on [18F]FDG PET/CT in patients with pleural mesothelioma treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab +/- UV1 telomerase vaccine.

Purpose: The introduction of immunotherapy in pleural mesothelioma (PM) has highlighted the need for effective outcome predictors. This study explores the role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in predicting outcomes in PM treated with immunotherapy.

Methods: Patients from the NIPU trial, receiving ipilimumab and nivolumab +/- telomerase vaccine in second-line, were included.

Stability of metabolic tumor volume may enable radiotherapy dose painting in anal cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the variability of the 18F-FDG-PET/CT-based metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in anal cancers during fractionated chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and assess the impact of this variability on dosimetric accuracy in MTV-targeted dose painting.

Methods: Eleven patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma who received fractionated chemoradiotherapy with curative intent were included. 18F-FDG PET/CT images were acquired at pre- and mid-treatment.

Deep learning-based automatic delineation of anal cancer gross tumour volume: a multimodality comparison of CT, PET and MRI.

Background: Accurate target volume delineation is a prerequisite for high-precision radiotherapy. However, manual delineation is resource-demanding and prone to interobserver variation. An automatic delineation approach could potentially save time and increase delineation consistency.

Localization of primary prostate cancer: FACBC PET/CT compared with multiparametric MRI using histopathology as reference standard.

FACBC (anti-1-amino-3-F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid) is a FDA-approved PET-tracer in patients with suspected recurrent prostate cancer. In the diagnostic work-up of primary prostate cancer, accurate localization of the index tumor is needed for image-guidance of biopsies. We therefore assessed the performance of FACBC PET/CT to detect and localize the index tumor and compared it to multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) using whole-mount histopathology as reference standard.

Robotic salvage pelvic lymph node dissection for locoregional recurrence after radical prostatectomy: a single institution experience.

Objectives: To assess treatment response (PSA < 0.2 ng/ml), need for additional therapy and complication rate after robot assisted salvage pelvic lymph node dissection (sPLND).

Material And Methods: Analysis of outcomes data from radical prostatectomy (RP) patients consecutively operated with robot assisted sPLND due to biochemical recurrence and positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT)-detected nodal recurrence of pelvic lymph nodes.

F-Fluciclovine PET for Assessment of Prostate Cancer with Histopathology as Reference Standard: A Systematic Review.

The PET tracer F-fluciclovine (Axumin) was recently approved in the United States and Europe for men with suspected prostate cancer recurrence following prior treatment. This article summarizes studies where systematic sector-based histopathology was used as reference standard to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the tracer F-fluciclovine PET in patients with prostate cancer.

Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET for Assessment of Primary and Recurrent Prostate Cancer with Histopathology as Reference Standard: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET is a promising diagnostic tool in prostate cancer. The gold standard for the detection of prostate tumor and lymph node metastases is histopathology. The aim of the present review was to investigate accuracy measures of Ga/F-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen PET tracers in primary and recurrent prostate cancer with systematic sector-based histopathology as the reference standard.

Metastatic-directed therapy using PSMA-PET/CT at PSA relapse.

The side effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as general treatment against prostate cancer are known to impair quality of life. However, the optimal onset of ADT at PSA relapse is unknown, especially in patients with normal testosterone. In our case a limited PSMA avid lymph node was detected on PET/CT.

Anal cancer chemoradiotherapy outcome prediction using F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and clinicopathological factors.

Objective: To assess the role of [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), obtained before and during chemoradiotherapy, in predicting locoregional failure relative to clinicopathological factors for patients with anal cancer.

Methods: 93 patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy were included in a prospective observational study (NCT01937780). FDG-PET/CT was performed for all patients before treatment, and for a subgroup ( = 39) also 2 weeks into treatment.

Target volume delineation of anal cancer based on magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography.

Purpose: To compare target volume delineation of anal cancer using positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with respect to inter-observer and inter-modality variability.

Methods: Nineteen patients with anal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy were prospectively included. Planning computed tomography (CT) images were co-registered with 18F-fluorodexocyglucose (FDG) PET/CT images and T2 and diffusion weighted (DW) MR images.

Dynamic 2-Deoxy-2-[F]Fluoro-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography for Chemotherapy Response Monitoring of Breast Cancer Xenografts.

Purpose: Non-invasive response monitoring can potentially be used to guide therapy selection for breast cancer patients. We employed dynamic 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography ([F]FDG PET) to evaluate changes in three breast cancer xenograft lines in mice following three chemotherapy regimens.

Procedures: Sixty-six athymic nude mice bearing bilateral breast cancer xenografts (two basal-like and one luminal-like subtype) underwent three 60 min [F]FDG PET scans.

Changes in prostate-specific antigen, markers of bone metabolism and bone scans after treatment with radium-223.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess treatment-related changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA), total and bone alkaline phosphatase (total ALP, bone ALP), and changes on conventional bone scans in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with bone metastases who received six cycles of radium-223 (Ra-223).

Materials And Methods: Changes in PSA, total ALP and bone ALP (≥30% increase or decrease), and changes on bone scans were assessed before and after six monthly cycles of Ra-223 therapy (50 kBq/kg body weight) in 14 patients with mCRPC with bone metastases and four patients on placebo.

Results: Post-treatment PSA increased by at least 30% in 11 out of 14 patients and remained stable in three.

A national study of adverse effects and global quality of life among candidates for curative treatment for prostate cancer.

Objectives: To provide population-based estimates of typical adverse effects (AEs), e.g. urinary, bowel and sexual dysfunction, in patients with non-metastatic recurrence-free prostate cancer (PCa) by curative treatment method, including no treatment.

Fatigue in prostate cancer survivors treated with definitive radiotherapy and LHRH analogs.

Background: Few studies have dealt with chronic fatigue (CF) in definitive radiotherapy (RAD) patients during and after (neo-)adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer.

Methods: CF was the primary outcome in this population-based cross-sectional study as evaluated by the Fatigue Questionnaire. We compared the post-RAD levels of fatigue in two groups of > or = 1 year prostate cancer survivors; those with ongoing medical castration (HTcont) and those who had used a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog (LHRHa), but had discontinued the therapy at the time of the survey (HTdis).

Fatigue in hormone-naïve prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy or definitive radiotherapy.

Chronic fatigue (CF) is a distressing symptom that follows cancer treatment; however, it has rarely been studied in hormone-naïve prostate cancer survivors after radical prostatectomy (RP) or definitive radiotherapy (RAD). We investigated CF in prostate cancer survivors after RP or RAD as monotherapy and explored associations between CF and medical and psychosocial variables. A population-based, cross-sectional postal survey in 2006 included Norwegian hormone-naïve survivors with the diagnosis of prostate cancer in 2004 who were treated with RP (n=337) or RAD (n=184).

Association between serum 25(OH)D and death from prostate cancer.

Based on observations that for certain cancers, mortality varies according to sun exposure, vitamin D has been proposed to influence on disease progression. This study aims to investigate whether serum levels of 25(OH)D are associated with prognosis in patients with prostate cancer. In total, 160 patients with a serum sample in the JANUS serum bank were included.

High prostate cancer mortality in Norway evaluated by automated classification of medical entities.

The new standard of cause of death classification is an automated selection of the underlying cause of death using the international software Automated Classification of Medical Entities (ACME). Norwegian mortality rates are, however, based on manual classification of deaths. The aim of this study was to investigate how the use of ACME would influence Norwegian prostate cancer mortality rates.

Interpreting trends in prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the five Nordic countries.

Trends in incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer were analyzed using data from the national cancer registries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Joinpoint regression models were used to quantify temporal trends for the period from 1980 to 2004. Incidence rates were increasing and similar in the Nordic countries during the 1980s.

[Treatment of hormone-resistant prostate cancer].

Hormone-resistant prostate cancer is defined by disease progression despite of castration levels of serum testosterone. Due to a good palliative effect and low toxicity, radiotherapy is the cornerstone in treatment of painful bone metastases, the most frequent symptom of advanced hormone-resistant prostate cancer. Patients presenting with spinal cord compression should be assessed for decompressive surgery before radiotherapy.

High prostate cancer mortality in Norway: influence of Cancer Registry information?

Norway has among the highest prostate cancer mortality rates in the world. The aim of the present project was to assess whether this can be explained by the unique routine procedure of information transfer from the Cancer Registry of Norway (CR) to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry (COD Registry). Norwegian prostate cancer patients deceased during 1996 were identified (n=2012).