Surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia in adults.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful disorder of the face that negatively affects the functionality of those who suffer from it. Microvascular decompression remains the top choice for its short and long-term outcomes. In those who are not candidates for open surgery, ablative options become valuable, including radiosurgery, and radiofrequency, balloon, and glycerol rhizotomies.

Refractory traumatic intracranial hypertension: the role of decompressive craniectomy.

Traumatic brain injury according to the World Health Organization estimates that by 2020 will be the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Intracranial hypertension refractory to medical management is the cause of increased mortality in neurotrauma. There are various measures to control intracranial hypertension, including surgical.

Intradiploic Pterional Epidermoid Tumor: A Case Report and Review of literature.

Intradiploic epidermoid cyst is an uncommonly occurring neoplasm, and only about 200 cases are reported in the form of isolated case report. It is presumed to occur due to ectodermal cells in inclusion in the bone tissue during embryonic life neural tube closure. It commonly remains asymptomatic or rarely presents as a bony lump in the skull bone.

Sacroiliac Pain: A Clinical Approach for the Neurosurgeon.

Pain originating from sacroiliac joint may also cause pain in the lumbar and gluteal region in 15% of the population. The clinical manifestation represents a public health problem due to the great implications on the quality of life and health-related costs. However, this is a diagnosis that is usually ignored in the general clinical practice; probably because of the unknown etiology, making harder to rule out the potential etiologies of this pathology, or maybe because the clinical criteria that support this pathology are unknown.

[Type I Chiari malformation associated with cerebellar atrophy. Case report].

Chiari malformation is characterized by caudal displacement of the cerebellar tonsils that penetrate into the spinal canal through the foramen magnum, achieving reach the atlas or axis. trunk and any drop of the fourth ventricle is observed. Typically is seen in young adults.

Post-Traumatic Balint's Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Balint’s syndrome is a rare neurological disorder associated with bilateral parieto-occipital damage which was described by Rezsö Bálint in 1909.The syndrome is manifested clinically by the presence of a hemispatial negligence. The lesion is usually inside parietooccipital region bilaterally in most cases but may also be compromised angular convolutions, the dorsolateral area of the occipital lobe as the superior parietal lobule.

Craniocerebral Gunshot Injuries; A Review of the Current Literature.

Craniocerebral gunshot injuries (CGI) are increasingly encountered by neurosurgeons in civilian and urban settings. Unfortunately, more   prevalent condition in developing countries, with major armed conflicts which is still persisting, since the main trigger is violence at the national or state level. Management goals of CGI should focus on aggressive resuscitation and correction of coagulopathy; those with stable vital signs should undergo CT scan head at the earliest possible opportunity.

Management of Craniocerebral Gunshot Injuries: A Review.

Craniocerebral gunshot injuries (CGI) are increasingly encountered by neurosurgeons in civilian and urban settings. Unfortunately this is a prevalent condition in developing countries, with major armed conflicts which is not very likely to achieve a high rate of prevention. Management goals should focus on early aggressive, vigorous resuscitation and correction of coagulopathy; those with stable vital signs undergo brain computed tomography scan.

Symptomatic Chiari Malformation with Syringomyelia after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Case Report.

Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is a congenital disorder, which is basically a tonsillar herniation (≥ 5 mm) below the foramen magnum with or without syringomyelia. The real cause behind this malformation is still unknown. Patients may remain asymptomatic until they engender a deteriorating situation, such as cervical trauma.

Severe Cranioencephalic Trauma: Prehospital Care, Surgical Management and Multimodal Monitoring.

Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death in developed countries. It is estimated that only in the United States about 100,000 people die annually in parallel among the survivors there is a significant number of people with disabilities with significant costs for the health system. It has been determined that after moderate and severe traumatic injury, brain parenchyma is affected by more than 55% of cases.

Odontogenic Pain as the Principal Presentation of Vertebral Artery Pseudoaneurysm; a Case Report.

Dissection of the vertebral artery is an important but rare cause of cerebrovascular accidents. Here we report a 48-year-old man with toothache since 4 days before who presented to the emergency department with neck pain and final diagnosis of dissecting right vertebral artery pseudoaneurysm. To our knowledge, this maybe the first report of odontogenic pain as the first manifestation of vertebral artery pseudoaneurysm in the literatures.

Iniencephaly: Case Report.

The iniencephaly involves a variable defect in the occipital bone, resulting in a large foramen magnum, partial or total absence of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, accompanied by incomplete closure of arcs and/or vertebral bodies, significant shortening of the spinal column and hyperextension of the malformed cervicothoracic spine; the individual's face is deviated upward, the mandibular skin is directly continuous with anterior thorax due to the absence of neck. Its incidence is about 1:1000-1:2000 births, so this is a pretty rare neural tube defect. We present a case of iniencephaly in association with cardiovascular, spinal cord, and intracranial malformations that ended demonstrating the low survival of patients affected with this condition.

Effects of sexed semen and interactive effects on commercial in vitro embryo production when oocytes are collected from cows of Bos indicus, and Bos taurus breeding and crossbred cows of these subspecies.

A large scale commercial in vitro embryo production and in vitro fertilization record is reported when there was use of oocytes from Bos taurus (BT), Bos indicus (BI), and Bos Taurus/indicus (BT/BI) crossbred subspecies fertilized with sexed (SS) and conventional (CS) semen. The aim of the study was to analyze the impacts of use SS in a commercial embryo production center in Colombia. Non-pregnant (n=800), healthy, and estrous cycling BT, BI, and BI/BT crossbred cows were selected to be used as oocyte donors.

Sacroiliac screw fixation: A mini review of surgical technique.

The sacral percutaneous fixation has many advantages but can be associated with a significant exposure to X-ray radiation. Currently, sacroiliac screw fixation represents the only minimally invasive technique to stabilize the posterior pelvic ring. It is a technique that should be used by experienced surgeons.

[Endovascular management of skull base tumors. A practical review on literature].

Generally speaking, skull base tumors are very difficult-to-reach lesions. More or less, two thirds of those tumors correspond to meningiomas, which are highly vascular tumors. Tumors that are able to an embolization are juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas, hemangiopericytomas, hemangioblastomas, meningiomas, metastatic lesions, paragangliomas, glomus tumors and other paragangliomas.

[Multimodal monitoring in severe craniocerebral trauma: state the art].

Traumatic brain injury is a public health problem and leading cause of death. In the context of a severe head injury, monitoring strategies give us the option to analyze the posterior intracranial alterations to the primary lesion. Neuromonitoring allows us to identify the deterioration of neurological function and the presence of secondary brain injury that may benefit from a therapeutic intervention letting us know pathophysiological changes that occur in a patient with brain injury.

Bilateral Traumatic Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage Associated With Epidural Hematoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

Traumatic basal ganglia hematoma is a rare condition defined as presence of hemorrhagic lesions in basal ganglia or adjacent structures suchas internal capsule, putamen and thalamus. Bilateral basal ganglia hematoma are among the devastating and rare condition. We herein report a 28-year old man, a victim of car-car accident who was brought to our surgical emergency room by immediate loss of consciousness and was diagnosed to have hyperdense lesion in the basal ganglia bilaterally, with the presence of right parietal epidural hematoma.

[Neuro-critical management of glycemia in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: review of the literature].

Spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage or intracranial hemorrhage represents between 10 and 15% of all cerebrovascular events. Intracerebral hemorrhage is far less frequent than ischemic stroke, but leads to increased morbidity and mortality, one of the leading causes of severe disability. Several changes have been identified in the field of intracerebral hemorrhage, including endocrine.

[Sensorineural deafness and vertebral artery aneurysm: endovascular management].

Sensorineural deafness and vertigo have different causes among them immunological, vascular and infectious. Vascular causes of sensorineural hearing loss are unusual and among them are the vertebral artery aneurysms. Knowledge by neurosurgeons, neurointerventional and otolaryngologists aneurysms involving the development of sensorineural hearing loss is critical to establishing and determining a targeted therapeutics.

Traumatic brain injury due to bull assault in a girl: a case report.

Traumatic brain injury is a common condition in the emergency services, affecting the pediatric and adult population significantly. Patterns of head injury as well as management principles in children are important differences compared to adults. Traumatic brain injury by bull rush is usually seen in adults but has not been described in children-report a pediatric cranial trauma present bull rush, which to our knowledge is the first report in the literature of this nature.

Fatal Massive Cerebral Infarction in a Child after Mild Brain Trauma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Traumatic brain injury is a common entity. However cerebral infarction in infants is a rare entity while the diagnosis of this pathology in the pediatric population is usually difficult. The mild head trauma is rarely accompanied by intracranial injury and even less, with cerebral infarction.

Effects of Glycemic Level on Outcome of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To determine the effects of glycemic level on outcome patients with traumatic brain injury.

Methods:  From September 2010 to December 2012, all medical records of adult patients with TBI admitted to the Emergency Room of Laura Daniela Clinic in Valledupar City, Colombia, South America were enrolled. Both genders between 18 and 85 years who referred during the first 48 hours after trauma, and their glucose level was determined in the first 24 hours of admission were included.

Fluid therapy in neurotrauma: basic and clinical concepts.

The patient with head trauma is a challenge for the emergency physician and for the neurosurgeon. Currently traumatic brain injury constitutes a public health problem. Knowledge of the various therapeutic strategies to provide support in the prehospital and perioperative are essential for optimal care.

Brain Infarction: Rare Neurological Presentation of African Bee Stings.

Bee stings are commonly encountered worldwide. Various manifestations after bee sting have been described including local reactions which are common, systemic responses such as anaphylaxis, diffuse intravascular coagulation and hemolysis. We report a case of a 74-year-old man who developed neurologic deficit 5 hours after bee stings, which was confirmed to be left frontal infarction on brain CT-scan.