Fatal hepatic mucormycosis in an allogeneic hematopoietic-stem cell transplanted patient: Case report of a rare presentation and review of the literature.

Hepatic mucormycosis is a rare condition. Our objective is to report a case in a HSCT patient and to perform a review of the literature. A 36-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia, performed a haploidentical HSCT.

Colonization by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales and Bacteremia in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.

Background: Assessing the risk of multidrug-resistant colonization and infections is pivotal for optimizing empirical therapy in hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCTs). Limited data exist on extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) colonization in this population. This study aimed to assess whether ESBL-E colonization constitutes a risk factor for ESBL-E bloodstream infection (BSI) and to evaluate ESBL-E colonization in HSCT recipients.

COVID-19 surveillance in a bone marrow transplantation unit: experience from a Brazilian tertiary-care teaching hospital.

Purpose: In this work, we aimed to describe the strategy of the weekly SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR surveillance program that was implemented in our bone marrow transplantation (BMT) unit.

Methods: Our unit performed SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR before admission and then weekly during hospitalization even if the patient was asymptomatic. From May 2021 to May 2022, we collected data from all patients that were admitted in the BMT unit to perform transplantation.

COVID-19 in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients during three years of the pandemic: a multicenter study in Brazil.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are at -increased risk for severe COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the burden of COVID-19 in a cohort of HSCT recipients. This retrospective study evaluated a cohort of adult hospitalized HSCT recipients diagnosed with COVID-19 in two large hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil post-HSCT, from January 2020 to June 2022.

COVID-19 in hematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Patients who undergo hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) are more susceptible to developing severe forms of COVID-19 with an increased risk of mortality. The aim of this study was to analyze, by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis, all studies that evaluated COVID-19 in HSCT adult recipients and present clinical characteristics and outcomes. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they: (I) described the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in adult (aged 18 years old or above) HSCT recipients; (II) described outcomes of COVID-19 in this population, mainly lethality; (III) were full-text articles.

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccine 12 months after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

The measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine is usually recommended from 24 months after a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Some authors have demonstrated that the MMR vaccination can be safe from 12 months post-HSCT in non-immunosuppressed patients, as recommended by the Brazilian National Immunization Program/Ministry of Health, since 2006. The objectives of this study were to evaluate when patients received MMR vaccine after an HSCT in our care service and if there were reports of any side effects.

Aplastic Anemia and Chagas Disease: Parasitemia Monitoring by Quantitative PCR and Preemptive Antiparasitic Therapy.

Background: Aplastic anemia is a rare and life-threatening condition, seldomly witnessed concomitantly with Chagas disease. We aim to discuss the management of these patients under risk of chronic Chagas disease reactivation (CDR), a severe condition with a high morbimortality that occurs in chronic Chagas disease patients under immunosuppression. Case reports: Trypanosoma cruzi (T.

Impact of Discontinuing Levofloxacin Prophylaxis on Bloodstream Infections in Neutropenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients.

Multidrug-resistant pathogens have emerged worldwide. We have driven the hypothesis that the non-use of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis during neutropenia could reduce antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria that cause bloodstream infections (BSIs) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients and that this change in resistance pattern could lead to an impact on BSI mortality. This is a quasi-experimental study comparing BSI incidence, resistance patterns of bacteria that cause BSI, and BSI mortality when levofloxacin prophylaxis was routine for neutropenic HSCT patients (2016-2018) to when fluoroquinolone prophylaxis was discontinued in our center (2019).

Carbapenem-resistant colonization and infection is associated with lower overall survival in a cohort of haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation patients: mechanism of resistance and virulence by whole-genome sequencing.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRK) infections are a growing concern in immunocompromised patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of CRK colonization and infection in overall mortality for haematopoietic stem-cell transplant (HSCT) patients. We also aimed to investigate resistance and virulence profiles of CRK isolates and assess their epidemiological and genetic relatedness.

Case Report: Invasive Sinusitis due to Sporothrix Brasiliensis in a Renal Transplant Recipient.

Sporotrichosis is usually a subcutaneous infection caused by thermodimorphic fungi of the genus Sporothrix. The disease occurs worldwide, but endemic areas are located in tropical and subtropical regions. The epidemiology of sporotrichosis in Brazil is peculiar because of the cat's entry in the chain of transmission of this mycosis, associated with Sporothrix brasiliensis, the most virulent species in the genus.

Capnocytophaga sputigena bloodstream infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantations: two cases report and review of the literature.

Capnocytophaga is a group of facultative anaerobic gram-negative bacteria present in the oral cavity of humans, dogs and cats, as part of their normal oral flora. Here, we described two cases of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Capnocytophaga in neutropenic autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) patients with mucositis (Grade I and Grade III) identified by Maldi-Tof. They were successfully treated with β-lactam (meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam).

Sabiá Virus-Like Mammarenavirus in Patient with Fatal Hemorrhagic Fever, Brazil, 2020.

New World arenaviruses can cause chronic infection in rodents and hemorrhagic fever in humans. We identified a Sabiá virus-like mammarenavirus in a patient with fatal hemorrhagic fever from São Paulo, Brazil. The virus was detected through virome enrichment and metagenomic next-generation sequencing technology.

bloodstream infection in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patient: Case report and review of literature.

We report a case of bloodstream infection caused by in a woman with acute myeloid leukemia, 37-years-old, who received an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. She developed cutaneous and gastrointestinal tract graft versus host disease, respectively on day 29 and day 69. On day 157 she developed to acute severe respiratory failure.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a patient with leprosy: Is it safe?

A patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, preparing for an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), developed leprosy. The patient was successfully treated with rifampicin, ofloxacin, and doxycycline, and the HSCT was performed without complications, being the first report, to our knowledge, of leprosy in an autologous HSCT patient.

Adenosine deaminase and tuberculous meningitis--a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe infection of the central nervous system, particularly in developing countries. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to decrease the high rates of disability and death associated with TBM. The diagnosis is often time and labour intensive; thus, a simple, accurate and rapid diagnostic test is needed.