Meta-analysis shows that microplastics affect ecosystem services in terrestrial environments.

To date, the understanding of the risks and impacts of microplastics (MPs) on terrestrial ecosystems remains limited, primarily due to most studies focusing on single ecosystem service. This study addressed this gap by conducting an integrative meta-analysis of 128 studies to explore the multifaceted impacts of MPs on various ecosystem services, including plant productivity, soil carbon (C) sequestration, microbial biodiversity, soil fertility, microbial biomass, and enzyme activity. We found that MPs reduced plant productivity service by 14.

Sustainable production of lipids from cocoa fatty acid distillate fermentation driven by adaptive evolution in Yarrowia lipolytica.

Single cell oil production using oleaginous yeasts is a promising alternative to animal and plant-derived lipids. But substrate costs for microbial fermentation are a major bottleneck. Using side streams as alternative to substrates like glucose, for growing yeast, is a potential cost-effective solution.

Improved description of terrestrial habitat types by including microbial communities as indicators.

Soils host diverse communities of microorganisms essential for ecosystem functions and soil health. Despite their importance, microorganisms are not covered by legislation protecting biodiversity or habitats, such as the Habitats Directive. Advances in molecular methods have caused breakthroughs in microbial community analysis, and recent studies have shown that parts of the communities are habitat-specific.

Single cell protein and oil production from solid cocoa fatty acid distillates co-fed ethanol.

The use of solid lipid sidestreams have been overlooked as a feedstock for the production of microbial biomass for food and feed applications and little to no recent work has examined the utilization of solid fatty acid distillates (FADs), which are a significant residue from vegetable oil processing. Yarrowia lipolytica and Rhodosporidium toruloides cultivated on cocoa fatty acid distillates (CFAD) generated final cell dry weight values > 40 g/L, with strong productivity (3.3 g/L·h) and rich protein (>45%) and lipid content (>25%).

Co-culture of and with Product Recovery of 2-Phenylethanol.

Production of 2-phenylethanol (2-PE) via is well-established. However, co-culture with other microbes in combination with product recovery (ISPR) yields improved selectivity and volumetric productivity. Fermentation of (MUCL 53775) with direct inclusion of absorptive polymer Hytrel3548 achieved ISPR, but accumulation of the byproduct phenylethyl acetate (PEA) was strongly favored.

Outcomes based on age in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with first line targeted therapy or checkpoint immunotherapy: Older patients more prone to toxicity.

Objectives: Older patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) were underrepresented in pivotal trials.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients with mRCC treated at Aarhus University Hospital with first line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), mTOR inhibitors, or checkpoint immunotherapy (CPI) were retrospectively analyzed in age-subgroups; ≥ 75, 65-74, and < 65 years, with overall survival (OS), time-to-treatment discontinuation (TTD), and progression-free survival (PFS) as endpoints. Hazards ratios were adjusted (aHR) for International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk factors, histology, and age.

Combining Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Visible Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) for Soil Phosphorus Determination.

Conventional wet chemical methods for the determination of soil phosphorus (P) pools, relevant for environmental and agronomic purposes, are labor-intensive. Therefore, alternative techniques are needed, and a combination of the spectroscopic techniques-in this case, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)-and visible near-infrared spectroscopy (vis-NIRS) could be relevant. We aimed at exploring LIBS, vis-NIRS and their combination for soil P estimation.

Pazopanib-Induced Liver Toxicity in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Effect of UGT1A1 Polymorphism on Pazopanib Dose Reduction, Safety, and Patient Outcomes.

Background: Pazopanib can induce liver toxicity in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We assessed the effect of a TA repeat polymorphism in the UGT1A1 (uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1) gene encoding uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 on liver toxicity, dose reductions, and patient outcomes.

Patients And Methods: Patients with mRCC treated with first-line pazopanib developing liver toxicity underwent genotyping for the UGT1A1 polymorphism.

Newborn Respiratory Distress.

Newborn respiratory distress presents a diagnostic and management challenge. Newborns with respiratory distress commonly exhibit tachypnea with a respiratory rate of more than 60 respirations per minute. They may present with grunting, retractions, nasal flaring, and cyanosis.

Structure-topology-property correlations of sodium phosphosilicate glasses.

In this work, we investigate the correlations among structure, topology, and properties in a series of sodium phosphosilicate glasses with [SiO2]/[SiO2 + P2O5] ranging from 0 to 1. The network structure is characterized by (29)Si and (31)P magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopy. The results show the formation of six-fold coordinated silicon species in phosphorous-rich glasses.

Structural and topological aspects of borophosphate glasses and their relation to physical properties.

We establish a topological model of alkali borophosphate and calcium borophosphate glasses, which describes the effect of both the network formers and network modifiers on physical properties. We show that the glass transition temperature (Tg), Vickers hardness (HV), liquid fragility (m), and isobaric heat capacity jump at Tg (ΔCp) of these glasses are related to the network topology, which is determined by structure of the glass. Therefore, we also demonstrate that the temperature dependent constraint theory can quantitatively explain the mixed network former effect in borophosphate glasses.

Response to "Comment on 'A model for phosphate glass topology considering the modifying ion sub-network"' [J. Chem. Phys. 142, 107103 (2015)].

In our recent paper [C. Hermansen, J. C.

An extended topological model for binary phosphate glasses.

We present a topological model for binary phosphate glasses that builds on the previously introduced concepts of the modifying ion sub-network and the strength of modifier constraints. The validity of the model is confirmed by the correct prediction of Tg(x) for covalent polyphosphoric acids where the model reduces to classical constraint counting. The constraints on the modifying cations are linear constraints to first neighbor non-bridging oxygens, and all angular constraints are broken as expected for ionic bonding.

Respiratory distress in the newborn.

The most common etiology of neonatal respiratory distress is transient tachypnea of the newborn; this is triggered by excessive lung fluid, and symptoms usually resolve spontaneously. Respiratory distress syndrome can occur in premature infants as a result of surfactant deficiency and underdeveloped lung anatomy. Intervention with oxygenation, ventilation, and surfactant replacement is often necessary.

Identifying exercise-induced bronchospasm: treatment hinges on distinguishing it from chronic asthma.

Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is an often-undiagnosed but common problem affecting both recreational and elite athletes. Although exercise can trigger exacerbation of chronic asthma, EIB should not be confused with the chronic inflammatory disease. In this article, Drs Hermansen and Kirchner review the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of EIB and explain how to distinguish EIB from chronic asthma.

Identifying exercise-induced bronchospasm. Treatment hinges on distinguishing it from chronic asthma.

Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is an often-undiagnosed but common problem affecting both recreational and elite athletes. Although exercise can trigger exacerbation of chronic asthma, EIB should not be confused with the chronic inflammatory disease. In this article, Drs Hermansen and Kirchner review the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of EIB and explain how to distinguish EIB from chronic asthma.

1,1'-Di(hydrazinocarbonylmethyl)-2,2'-biimidazole monohydrate and 1,1'-di[2-(hydrazinocarbonyl)ethyl]-2,2'-biimidazole.

The crystal structures of the title compounds, alternatively called 2,2'-(2,2'-biimidazole-1,1'-diyl)diacetohydrazide monohydrate, C(10)H(14)N(8)O(2).H(2)O, (I), and 3,3'-(2,2'-biimidazole-1,1'-diyl)dipropionohydrazide, C(12)H(18)N(8)O(2), (II), respectively, have been determined. The molecules consist of half-molecule asymmetric units related by a twofold rotation in (I) and by a center of inversion in (II).

Pharmacist-patient relationship development in an ambulatory clinic setting.

We investigated the pharmacist-patient relationship, conceptualizing its interpersonal constructs and dynamics using social exchange principles. The constructs of felt indebtedness (FI), collaborative willingness (CW), interpersonal relationship quality (IRQ), medication use beliefs (MUBs), and critical interpersonal incidents (CII) between pharmacist and patient were proposed, measured, and modeled. Patient responses were collected using interviews and mail surveys in 2 pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinics.

The use of conjoint analysis to study patient satisfaction.

Previous research has identified aspects of the outpatient interactions between patients and physicians that are important for patient satisfaction. In this study, conjoint analysis was used to determine the relative importance of these factors to patients. This study found the perceived skill of the physician to be the most important factor and waiting time in the office the least important.

Diagnostic reliability of combined physical examination, mammography, and fine-needle puncture ("triple-test") in breast tumors. A prospective study.

A prospective study of 622 consecutively registered patients with 650 breast tumors was performed to appraise the reliability of combined physical examination, mammography, and fine-needle puncture (triple test) in the preoperative diagnosis of such tumors. All malignant as well as benign test results were confirmed by subsequent histologic examination. The diagnostic accuracy of the triple test at benign changes is comparable to that of histologic examination, but participation of experienced radiologists and cytologists as well as persons skilled in fine-needle puncture is required.

Gynecomasty: estrogen and androgen receptors. A clinical-pathological investigation.

The histology, estrogen (ER)- and androgen (AR)- receptor content, s-FSH, s-LH, s-17-beta-estradiol, U-17-ketosteroid and U-17-ketogenic steroid patterns were measured in a consecutive series of 20 patients operated on for gynecomasty. Two out of 22 specimens were ER-positive, and 4 out of 22 were AR-positive. No relationship was demonstrated between the histopathologic features, ie.

Palpable breast tumours: "triple diagnosis" and operative strategy. Results of a prospective study.

A prospective study of 292 consecutive patients with 303 tumours was performed to appraise the combination of physical examination, mammography and fine-needle puncture (triple test) in the diagnosis of breast tumours. The diagnostic accuracy of the triple test was 100%. Because of its relative smallness, however, the series does not permit the conclusion that a benign result of triple test makes excisional biopsy unnecessary.