Neolignan Kadsurenin F Modulates Proteostatic Pathways and Possesses Potent Anti-Inflammatory Properties.

Kadsurenin F, a natural neolignan-type compound, has been described as a constituent of various members of the Lauraceae family such as Aniba spp. or Nectandra spp., but can also be found in various Piper species such as Piper kadsura Ohwi (Piperaceae).

Iron(III)-salophene catalyzes redox cycles that induce phospholipid peroxidation and deplete cancer cells of ferroptosis-protecting cofactors.

Ferroptosis, a lipid peroxidation-driven cell death program kept in check by glutathione peroxidase 4 and endogenous redox cycles, promises access to novel strategies for treating therapy-resistant cancers. Chlorido [N,N'-disalicylidene-1,2-phenylenediamine]iron (III) complexes (SCs) have potent anti-cancer properties by inducing ferroptosis, apoptosis, or necroptosis through still poorly understood molecular mechanisms. Here, we show that SCs preferentially induce ferroptosis over other cell death programs in triple-negative breast cancer cells (LC ≥ 0.

Assessment of the chemical and genetic variability among accessions of (L.) Wallr., an alpine plant with anthelmintic properties.

(L.) Wallr, is a perennial alpine plant and a member of the family, typically found at altitudes above 1000 meters in the Italian Alps. Although previously utilized primarily as a local delicacy, recent studies have revealed strong antiparasitic activity through experiments.

Determination of Phytochemical Contents in Extracts from Different Growth Stages of Fruits Using HPLC-DAD and QAMS Methods.

Flavones are major compounds found in several parts of (). The quantification of multiple components by one marker (QAMS) method and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method were developed for the quantitative analysis of extracts from the young fruits, green mature fruits, dry pod coats and seeds of . Oroxin A, oroxin B and chrysin-7--glucuronide were identified in the extracts.

Identification of Novel β-Tubulin Inhibitors Using a Combined / Approach.

Due to their potential as leads for various therapeutic applications, including as antimitotic and antiparasitic agents, the development of tubulin inhibitors offers promise for drug discovery. In this study, an pharmacophore-based virtual screening approach targeting the colchicine binding site of β-tubulin was employed. Several structure- and ligand-based models for known tubulin inhibitors were generated.

Marine Natural Compound (Neviotin A) Displays Anticancer Efficacy by Triggering Transcriptomic Alterations and Cell Death in MCF-7 Cells.

We investigated the anticancer mechanism of a chloroform extract of marine sponge () (sample C) in human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. Viability analysis using MTT and neutral red uptake (NRU) assays showed that sample C exposure decreased the proliferation of cells. Flow cytometric data exhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), dysfunction of mitochondrial potential, and apoptosis in sample C-treated MCF-7 cells.

Non-Steroidal Drug Interferences in a Quantitative Multisteroid LC-MS/MS Assay.

Screening for possible interferences from steroidal compounds other than the target analytes (endogenous or exogenous) is well established in LC-MS/MS assay development for steroid quantification in a routine clinical setting. However, interferences from non-steroidal substances have, hitherto, not been explored. After screening more than 150 pharmaceuticals and their metabolites by analyzing commercial quality control samples from TDM analysis kits (Recipe, Chromsystems) with a multisteroid LC-MS/MS assay (protein precipitation followed by HybridSPE filtration, biphenyl column, methanol-water gradient with NH4F additive), we can report the finding of two newly discovered potential interferences from non-steroidal drugs.

Ferroptosis-modulating small molecules for targeting drug-resistant cancer: Challenges and opportunities in manipulating redox signaling.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death program that is characterized by excessive lipid peroxidation. Triggering ferroptosis has been proposed as a promising strategy to fight cancer and overcome drug resistance in antitumor therapy. Understanding the molecular interactions and structural features of ferroptosis-inducing compounds might therefore open the door to efficient pharmacological strategies against aggressive, metastatic, and therapy-resistant cancer.

Two-step isolation of the two major paraconic acids of Cetraria islandica.

The lichen Cetraria islandica is traditionally used as a demulcent for the symptomatic treatment of irritations of the mouth and throat and associated dry cough, as well as for the treatment of temporary loss of appetite. In addition to depsides and depsidones, thalli contain paraconic acids, a group of secondary metabolites commonly found in lichens and fungi. Among those, protolichesterinic acid has shown promising pharmacological activities.

Absolute configuration of spiro-flavostilbenoids from Yucca schidigera Roezl ex Ortgies: First indication of (2R)-naringenin as the key building block.

The absolute configurations of the known but unusual spiro-flavostilbenoids found in the bark of Yucca schidigera Roezl ex Ortgies, were determined by applying time-dependent density functional theory simulation of electronic circular dichroism spectra. The absolute configurations obtained were as follows: (2S,3R) for yuccaol A, yuccaol D and yuccalide A; (2S,3S) for yuccaol B, yuccaol C and yuccaol E; (2S,3S,2'S,3'S) for gloriosaol A; (2S,3R,2'S,3'R) for gloriosaol C; (2S,3S,2'S,3'R) for gloriosaol D; (2S,3R,2'S,3'S) for gloriosaol E. These findings indicate that the compounds are all biosynthetic derivatives either of (2R)-naringenin and trans-resveratrol or of trans-3,3',5,5'-tetrahydroxy-4'-methoxystilbene.

Design and Validation of a Sensitive Multisteroid LC-MS/MS Assay for the Routine Clinical Use: One-Step Sample Preparation with Phospholipid Removal and Comparison to Immunoassays.

Steroid analysis in clinical laboratories is dominated by immunoassays (IAs) that have a high sample turnover but are inherently limited in trueness, precision, and sensitivity. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has proved to be a far more capable tool, delivering better sensitivity, specificity, and the possibility of parallel analysis of multiple steroids and metabolites, providing the endocrinologist with more reliable and comprehensive diagnostic information. An LC-MS/MS assay with gradient elution over less than eight minutes and a one-step sample preparation combining protein precipitation with phospholipid removal of off-line solid-phase extraction was developed and validated.

Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Anti-Inflammatory Constituents of the Subaerial Parts of (Cyperaceae).

Based on data from a previous ethnobotanical study in northern Angola, phytochemical investigations into the methanolic rhizomes and roots extract of Cyperus articulatus, monitored by in vitro assays, resulted in the recovery of 12 sesquiterpenes, 3 stilbenes, 2 phenolic acids, 1 monoterpene, and 1 flavonoid. Among them, 14 compounds were isolated for the first time from this species. Their inhibitory potential against nitric oxide (NO) production, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, was evaluated in LPS-treated J774A.

Chemical constituents of Antidesma bunius aerial parts and the anti-AGEs activity of selected compounds.

Thirty-three natural products were isolated from the aerial parts of Antidesma bunius, Euphorbiaceae, a plant used in Vietnamese traditional medicine against rheumatoid arthritis. All compounds were reported the first time for this species, and nine constituents resembled undescribed natural products, noticeably three coumarinolignans with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane moiety, two cyclopeptides, and two furofuran-type lignans connected with a phenylpropanoid moiety. The individual structures were elucidated by combining NMR and MS data, and their configuration was established by NOESY and ECD experiments and NMR calculations.

In vitro evaluation of the effects of methanolic plant extracts on the embryonation rate of Ascaridia galli eggs.

The present study aims to find efficient alternatives to synthetic anthelmintics among ethno-veterinary herbs. Ascaridia galli eggs isolated from the worm uterus were exposed in vitro to methanolic extracts (ME) of nine plant species such as Achillea millefolium (AM), Artemisia absinthium (AA), Artemisia vulgaris (AV), Cicerbita alpina (CA), Cichorium intybus (CI), Inula helenium (IH), Origanum vulgare (OV), Tanacetum vulgare (TV), Tanacetum parthenium (TP). Flubendazole (FL), 0.

Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of the Major Bioactive Compounds in and its Beverages by UHPSFC-DAD.

This study presents the first ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography-diode array detector (UHPSFC-DAD) assay for simultaneous quantitation of secoiridoids, iridoids, xanthones, and xanthone glycosides in L. Separation was reached within 12 min on an Acquity UPC BEH 2-EP column using CO and methanol with 5.5% water as mobile phases.

Identification and structural elucidation of bioactive compounds from Scirpoides holoschoenus.

Phytochemical investigations of dichloromethane and methanol extracts of roots and rhizomes of Scirpoides holoschoenus afforded 21 stilbenes, six flavonoids, six ferulic acid derivatives and four diterpenes. Among these constituents, six stilbenes, one flavonoid, one diterpene and two ferulic acid derivatives, represent previously unreported natural products. Structure elucidation was performed by HRESI-MS, NMR, GC-MS, and ECD data evaluation.

New Sesterterpenoids from Rech.f. and Esfand. Stereochemical Characterization by Computational Electronic Circular Dichroism.

Phytochemical investigation on the acetone extract of Rech. f. and Esfand.

Association of adolescent lipoprotein subclass profile with carotid intima-media thickness and comparison to adults: Prospective population-based cohort studies.

Background And Aims: Assessment of comprehensive lipoprotein subclass profiles in adolescents and their relation to vascular disease may enhance our understanding of the development of dyslipidemia in early life and inform early vascular prevention.

Methods: Nuclear magnetic resonance was used to measure lipoprotein profiles, including lipids (cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids) and apolipoproteins (apoB-100, apoA1, apoA2) of 17 lipoprotein subclasses (from least dense to densest: VLDL-1 to -6, IDL, LDL-1 to -6, HDL-1 to -4) in n = 1776 14- to 19-year olds (56.6% female) and n = 3027 25- to 85-year olds (51.

Purification, structural characterization and antioxidant activity of a new arabinogalactan from Dorema ammoniacum gum.

Gum ammoniacum is a polymer obtained from Dorema ammoniacum and its medicinal use was already known to the ancient times. In this study, a new D. ammoniacum carbohydrate (DAC-1) with a molecular weight of 27.

Potentilla reptans L. postconditioning protects reperfusion injury via the RISK/SAFE pathways in an isolated rat heart.

Background: Our previous study indicated that Potentilla reptans root has a preconditioning effect by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in an isolated rat heart ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model. In the present study, we investigated the post-conditioning cardio-protective effects of Potentilla reptans and its active substances.

Methods: The ethyl acetate fraction of P.

Natural chalcones elicit formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators and related 15-lipoxygenase products in human macrophages.

Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) comprise lipid mediators (LMs) produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via stereoselective oxygenation particularly involving 12/15-lipoxygenases (LOXs). In contrast to pro-inflammatory LMs such as leukotrienes formed by 5-LOX and prostaglandins formed by cyclooxygenases, the SPMs have anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving properties. Although glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that block prostaglandin production are still prime therapeutics for inflammation-related diseases despite severe side effects, novel concepts focus on SPMs as immunoresolvents for anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy.

Anti-Cancer Activity and Phenolic Content of Extracts Derived from Cypriot Carob ( L.) Pods Using Different Solvents.

Extracts derived from the L. (carob) tree have been widely studied for their ability to prevent many diseases mainly due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds. In this study, we explored, for the first time, the anti-cancer properties of Cypriot carobs.

Combining HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS and HPLC-SPE-NMR to Monitor In Vitro Vitetrifolin D Phase I and II Metabolism.

By combining HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS and HPLC-SPE-NMR, the in vitro metabolism of vitetrifolin D, a pharmacologically active key molecule from in liver cell fractions, was investigated. Twenty-seven phase I and phase II metabolites were tentatively identified from the culture broth by HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS. The subsequent HPLC-SPE-NMR analysis allowed for the unequivocal structural characterization of nine phase I metabolites.

Exploration of Long-Chain Vitamin E Metabolites for the Discovery of a Highly Potent, Orally Effective, and Metabolically Stable 5-LOX Inhibitor that Limits Inflammation.

Endogenous long-chain metabolites of vitamin E (LCMs) mediate immune functions by targeting 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and increasing the systemic concentrations of resolvin E3, a specialized proresolving lipid mediator. SAR studies on semisynthesized analogues highlight α-amplexichromanol (), which allosterically inhibits 5-LOX, being considerably more potent than endogenous LCMs in human primary immune cells and blood. Other enzymes within lipid mediator biosynthesis were not substantially inhibited, except for microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1.