Is Boric Acid Toxic to Reproduction in Humans? Assessment of the Animal Reproductive Toxicity Data and Epidemiological Study Results.

Boric acid and sodium borates are classified as toxic to reproduction in the CLP Regulation under "Category 1B" with the hazard statement of "H360FD". This classification is based on the reprotoxic effects of boric acid and sodium borates in animal experiments at high doses. However, boron mediated reprotoxic effects have not been proven in epidemiological studies so far.

Dinitrotoluene exposure in the copper mining industry and renal cancer: a case-cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between dinitrotoluene (DNT) exposure and renal cancer in a case-cohort study.

Methods: This case-cohort study was conducted among men born between 1920 and 1974 (n=16 441) who were gainfully employed between 1953 and 1990 in one of two copper mines in Mansfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, former German Democratic Republic, and followed up till 31 December 2006. The study included 109 cases with renal cancer identified by record linkage with the Common Cancer Registry of the New Federal States of Germany (GKR) or by a network of pathology institutes.

Cancer incidence among workers occupationally exposed to dinitrotoluene in the copper mining industry.

Purpose: Epidemiological and toxicological studies point to a potential carcinogenic effect of dinitrotoluene (DNT), particularly with respect to renal and urothelial cancer.

Methods: The cohort comprised all men born between 1920 and 1974 (n = 16,441) who were gainfully employed between 1953 and 1990 in one of two underground copper mines in Mansfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, former German Democratic Republic, and who were followed up for cancer incidence, 1961-2005. Incident cancer cases were identified by record linkage with the Common Cancer Registry of the New Laender.

Activities of drug metabolizing enzymes in bovine colon epithelial cell cultures.

The metabolic competence of cultured bovine colon epithelial cells was evaluated by determining activities of phase I and II enzymes in colonocytes cultured for different intervals (maximum of 10 days) compared with activities measured in freshly isolated cells. Cytochrome p50 1A1-associated 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity was detectable in freshly isolated colonocytes and in colon cells maintained in culture for up to 5 days. In contrast to liver samples, cytochrome p50 3A4-associated 7-benzyloxyresorufin O-debenzylase (BROD) activity was not detectable in bovine colon cells.