Trends and Disparities in Parkinson's Disease Mortality in the United States with Predictions Using Machine Learning.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by the degradation of dopaminergic pathways in the brain. As the population in the United States continues to age, it is essential to understand the trends in mortality related to PD. This analysis of PD's mortality characterizes temporal shifts, examines demographic and regional differences, and provides machine-learning predictions.

Comparison of different liver fibrosis scores following sleeve gastrectomy.

Purpose: The prevalence of obesity, along with that of its associated health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is increasing annually. Bariatric surgery is indicated for the treatment of obesity if conservative treatment fails. While various liver fibrosis scores have been proposed for assessing liver function, they are typically used prior to bariatric surgery.

Association between resolution of MRI-detected inflammation and improved clinical outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis under long-term anti-TNF therapy.

Objectives: In this post-hoc analysis of ESTHER trial, we aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationship between inflammation on MRI and the achievement of inactive disease/low disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) treated with long-term tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor etanercept.

Methods: Of the 76 patients with active axSpA in the ESTHER trial, we included all patients treated with etanercept for at least 6 months for main analysis. All clinical and MRI data from 4.

Anatomy-centred deep learning improves generalisability and progression prediction in radiographic sacroiliitis detection.

Purpose: To examine whether incorporating anatomy-centred deep learning can improve generalisability and enable prediction of disease progression.

Methods: This retrospective multicentre study included conventional pelvic radiographs of four different patient cohorts focusing on axial spondyloarthritis collected at university and community hospitals. The first cohort, which consisted of 1483 radiographs, was split into training (n=1261) and validation (n=222) sets.

Designing structured postgraduate training programs using agile methods.

Postgraduate medical education (PGME) is an essential part of medical education and increasingly shifts into focus of educational stakeholders. Structured postgraduate medical training programs are required in the U.S.

Expert consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic non-bacterial osteitis (CNO) in adults.

Background: There is considerable practice variation in labelling, diagnosis and treatment of adults with sterile bone inflammation. We developed a expert consensus recommendations on the disease definition, diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition.

Methods: Systematic literature review and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations-based appraisal of evidence, two Delphi surveys and three digital and in-person consensus meetings with a multidisciplinary expert panel and patient representatives.

Clinical information on imaging referrals for suspected or known axial spondyloarthritis: recommendations from the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS).

Objectives: This study aims to establish expert consensus recommendations for clinical information on imaging requests in suspected/known axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), focusing on enhancing diagnostic clarity and patient care through guidelines.

Materials And Methods: A specialised task force was formed, comprising 7 radiologists, 11 rheumatologists from the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) and a patient representative. Using the Delphi method, two rounds of surveys were conducted among ASAS members.

Development of international consensus on a standardised image acquisition protocol for diagnostic evaluation of the sacroiliac joints by MRI: an ASAS-SPARTAN collaboration.

Background: A range of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) MRI protocols are used in clinical practice but not all were specifically designed for diagnostic ascertainment. This can be confusing and no standard diagnostic SIJ MRI protocol is currently accepted worldwide.

Objective: To develop a standardised MRI image acquisition protocol (IAP) for diagnostic ascertainment of sacroiliitis.

Standardized reporting of spine and sacroiliac joints in axial spondyloarthritis MRI: from the ESSR-Arthritis Subcommittee.

Objectives: Apply a modified Delphi-based approach and produce a practical, radiology-specific set of definitions for interpretation and standardization of the multiple MRI findings in axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA), specifically to aid the general radiologist with a musculoskeletal interest, working with gold standard basic MRI protocols.

Materials And Methods: We report the results of a modified Delphi-based consensus of 35 experts from 13 countries in the Arthritis Subcommittee of the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR). Seventeen definitions were created (i.

Interobserver Agreement and Performance of Concurrent AI Assistance for Radiographic Evaluation of Knee Osteoarthritis.

Background Due to conflicting findings in the literature, there are concerns about a lack of objectivity in grading knee osteoarthritis (KOA) on radiographs. Purpose To examine how artificial intelligence (AI) assistance affects the performance and interobserver agreement of radiologists and orthopedists of various experience levels when evaluating KOA on radiographs according to the established Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system. Materials and Methods In this retrospective observer performance study, consecutive standing knee radiographs from patients with suspected KOA were collected from three participating European centers between April 2019 and May 2022.

Unraveling the interaction of co-encapsulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Metarhizium brunneum in calcium alginate-based attract-and-kill beads.

Background: Attract-and-kill (AK) beads are biological, microbial insecticides developed as an alternative to synthetic soil insecticides. For wireworm control, beads are based on calcium alginate/starch co-encapsulating the carbon dioxide (CO) producing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae H205 as the attract component, and the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum CB15-III as the kill component. However, the physicochemical processes inside beads during co-cultivation are still unclear.

Reporting Sacroiliac Joint Imaging Performed for Known or Suspected Axial Spondyloarthritis: Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society Recommendations.

Whereas previous projects attempted to standardize imaging in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), few studies have been published about the need for specific details regarding the image acquisition and lesions that may be less familiar to general radiologists. This work reports consensus recommendations developed by the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) that aim to standardize the imaging reports in patients suspected of having or with known axSpA. A task force consisting of radiologists and rheumatologists from ASAS and one patient representative formulated two surveys that were completed by ASAS members.

The extracellular matrix protein fibronectin promotes metanephric kidney development.

Complex interactions of the branching ureteric bud (UB) and surrounding mesenchymal cells during metanephric kidney development determine the final number of nephrons. Impaired nephron endowment predisposes to arterial hypertension and chronic kidney disease. In the kidney, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are usually regarded as acellular scaffolds or as the common histological end-point of chronic kidney diseases.

Functional mechanism study of the allelochemical myrigalone A identifies a group of ultrapotent inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis in plants.

Allelochemicals represent a class of natural products released by plants as root, leaf, and fruit exudates that interfere with the growth and survival of neighboring plants. Understanding how allelochemicals function to regulate plant responses may provide valuable new approaches to better control plant function. One such allelochemical, Myrigalone A (MyA) produced by Myrica gale, inhibits seed germination and seedling growth through an unknown mechanism.

Severe pain management in the emergency department: patient pathway as a new factor associated with IV morphine prescription.

Background: Across the world, 25-29% of the population suffer from pain. Pain is the most frequent reason for an emergency department (ED) visit. This symptom is involved in approximately 70% of all ED visits.

Delayed Ga-FAPI-46 PET/MR imaging confirms ongoing fibroblast activation in patients after acute myocardial infarction.

Purpose Of The Report: Combined cardiac Ga-Fibroblast-Activation Protein-alpha inhibitor (FAPI) positron-emission tomography (PET) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) constitute a novel diagnostic tool in patients for the assessment of myocardial damage after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate simultaneous Ga-68-FAPI-46-PET/MR imaging in the delayed phase after AMI.

Material And Methods: Eleven patients underwent hybrid Ga-FAPI-46 PET/MRI post AMI.

Atlas for the CT Syndesmophyte Score (CTSS) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis.

Background: The Computed Tomography Syndesmophyte Score (CTSS) was developed as a reliable and sensitive tool to assess syndesmophytes in low-dose CT images of the entire spine in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The original paper provided sparce examples of the CTSS grades.

Objectives: Provide an atlas tailored to assist readers in understanding and employing the CTSS method.

For human-like models, train on human-like tasks.

Bowers et al. express skepticism about deep neural networks (DNNs) as models of human vision due to DNNs' failures to account for results from psychological research. We argue that to fairly assess DNNs, we must first train them on more human-like tasks which we hypothesize will induce more human-like behaviors and representations.

Delphi consensus project on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted surgery-outcomes from an international multidisciplinary panel.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is increasingly considered as a molecular target to achieve precision surgery for prostate cancer. A Delphi consensus was conducted to explore expert views in this emerging field and to identify knowledge and evidence gaps as well as unmet research needs that may help change practice and improve oncological outcomes for patients.

Methods: One hundred and five statements (scored by a 9-point Likert scale) were distributed through SurveyMonkey®.