Movement-based cognitive training does not significantly shorten the learning curve for acquiring arthroscopic basic skills.

Purpose: Skilful arthroscopy requires an aboveaverage level of manual dexterity. It is evident that particular motor skills can be learned and trained before arthroscopic training. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the impact of movement-related cognitive training on the learning curve during arthroscopic basic training.

Hand Dominance Is Not of Significance in Performing Fundamental Arthroscopic Skills Simulation Training Tasks.

Purpose: To compare the performance of the dominant and nondominant hand during fundamental arthroscopic simulator training.

Methods: Surgical trainees who participated in a 2-day simulator training course between 2021 and 2023 were classified, according to their arthroscopic experience in beginners and competents. Only right-handed individuals with complete data sets were included in the study.

The number of arthroscopies performed by trainees does not deduce the level of their arthroscopic proficiency.

Purpose: It is reasonable to question whether the case volume is a suitable proxy for the manual competence of an arthroscopic surgeon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the number of arthroscopies previously performed and the arthroscopic skills acquired using a standardized simulator test.

Methods: A total of 97 resident and early orthopaedic surgeons who participated in arthroscopic simulator training courses were divided into five groups based on their self-reported number of arthroscopic surgeries: (1) none, (2) < 10, (3) 10 to 19, (4) 20 to 39 and (5) 40 to 100.

Surgical simulation training should become a mandatory part of orthopaedic education.

Purpose: Ethical concerns and increasing economic constraints of hospitals have caused a reduction in proper training and education. It has been hypothesized that due to the lack of a one-to-one apprenticeship throughout the residency, surgical simulation training is essential.

Methods: Between June 2020 and June 2021, residents from teaching hospitals in Switzerland, France, Germany, and Luxembourg were surveyed to learn about their experience with and thoughts on surgical simulation training.

Ten hours of simulator training in arthroscopy are insufficient to reach the target level based on the Diagnostic Arthroscopic Skill Score.

Purpose: Simulator arthroscopy training has gained popularity in recent years. However, it remains unclear what level of competency surgeons may achieve in what time frame using virtual training. It was hypothesized that 10 h of training would be sufficient to reach the target level defined by experts based on the Diagnostic Arthroscopic Skill Score (DASS).

The Diagnostic Arthroscopy Skill Score (DASS): a reliable and suitable assessment tool for arthroscopic skill training.

Purpose: To develop and validate a novel score to more objectively assess the performance of diagnostic knee arthroscopy using a simulator.

Methods: A Diagnostic Arthroscopy Skill Score (DASS) was developed by ten AGA (AGA-Society for Arthroscopy and Joint-Surgery) instructors for the assessment of arthroscopic skills. DASS consists of two parts: the evaluation of standardized diagnostic knee arthroscopy (DASS) and the evaluation of manual dexterity, including ambidexterity and triangulation, using objective measurement parameters (DASS).

[Virtual arthroscopy : Gaming or training concept of the future].

Arthroscopy is a technically challenging surgical procedure with a relatively shallow learning curve compared to open procedures. To become an expert special cognitive and manual abilities have to be acquired and trained. The current situation in further medical education combined with the increasing economic pressure in the medical field does not leave enough room for a time-consuming training in arthroscopic techniques.

Evidence of an autoregulatory mechanism of regional bone blood flow at hypotension.

Background: Blood flow in various organs is determined by an autoregulatory mechanism that guarantees constant organ perfusion over a wide range of arterial blood pressure changes. This physiological principle has been proven for the kidney, brain and intestinal tract, but so far not for bone. This study was carried out to determine whether there is an autoregulatory mechanism of bone or not.

Local cooling reduces regional bone blood flow.

Local cooling is very common after bone and joint surgery. Therefore the knowledge of bone blood flow during local cooling is of substantial interest. Previous studies revealed that hypothermia leads to vasoconstriction followed by decreased blood flow levels.

Meniscectomy leads to early changes in the mineralization distribution of subchondral bone plate.

Purpose: It is generally recognized that the subchondral bone plate (SBP) is involved in development of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the pathophysiological significance is not yet clear. The goal of this study is to investigate the extent of the changes that occur in SBP of the tibial plateau in the early stages of experimental OA.

[Double-bundle technique - anatomic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament].

Objective: To improve the rotational stability of the knee by anatomic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by socalled double-bundle technique using anteromedial and posterolateral grafts from native semitendinosus and gracilis. The grafts are fixed with bioabsorbable screws utilizing aperture fixation.

Indications: Complete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament with positive Lachman sign and pivot shift.

Anterior shoulder instability modifies glenoid subchondral bone density.

Subchondral bone mineralization is used as a morphologic marker for individual stress distribution of joints and therefore may help to distinguish variations of glenohumeral contact. Therefore, an in vivo analysis was done to evaluate glenoid stress distribution in anterior glenohumeral instability by computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry. Patients with recurrent anterior glenohumeral dislocation, seven of posttraumatic and six of atraumatic origin, and an intact rotator cuff were grouped retrospectively and compared with healthy, age-matched shoulder specimens from cadavers (n = 13).

The sublabral foramen: does it affect stress distribution on the anterior glenoid?

Even though it is believed that a sublabral foramen (SF) requires no treatment, no objective data are available to establish whether this condition bears a relationship to anterior-inferior glenohumeral instability. Therefore, the influence on glenoid subchondral bone mineralization of an isolated SF was investigated, because the individual distribution of subchondral bone mineralization may be used as an indirect parameter for long-term stress distribution of joints. Two age- and side-matched groups of healthy glenohumeral specimens with SF (n = 10, aged 37-85 years) and without SF (n = 10, aged 36-86 years) were examined by computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry.

The mineralization patterns at the subchondral bone plate of the glenoid cavity in healthy shoulders.

The distribution of mineralization of the subchondral bone plate (DMSB) is used as a parameter for the individual stress distribution of joints. In this study the DMSB of the glenoid from healthy glenohumeral joints was analyzed. In a standardized manner, 44 macroscopically normal shoulder specimens (28 individuals aged 18 to 96 years) were selected and DMSB of the glenoid was evaluated by computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry.