[Workload and mental health of nursing staff in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic-a scoping review].

Background: In March 2023, there was no comprehensive overview of job demands, resources, and mental health consequences for nurses in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. Because of country-specific differences with regard to the course/management of the pandemic and the organization of the healthcare system, data from Germany were analyzed specifically.

Methods: A systematic search in databases (PubMed/Medline, PsycINFO) yielded 50 relevant studies that were included in the scoping review.

Dose-dependent effects of gamma radiation sterilization on the collagen matrix of human cortical bone allograft and its influence on fatigue crack propagation resistance.

Fatigue crack propagation resistance and high-cycle S-N fatigue life of cortical bone allograft tissue are both negatively impacted in a radiation dose-dependent manner from 0 to 25 kGy. The standard radiation sterilization dose of 25-35 kGy has been shown to induce cleavage of collagen molecules into smaller peptides and accumulation of stable crosslinks within the collagen matrix, suggesting that these mechanisms may influence radiation-induced losses in cyclic fracture resistance. The objective of this study was to determine the radiation dose-dependency of collagen chain fragmentation and crosslink accumulation within the dose range of 0-25 kGy.

Huntington's disease affects mitochondrial network dynamics predisposing to pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutations.

Huntington's disease (HD) predominantly affects the brain, causing a mixed movement disorder, cognitive decline and behavioural abnormalities. It also causes a peripheral phenotype involving skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported in tissues of HD models, including skeletal muscle, and lymphoblast and fibroblast cultures from patients with HD.

[Guideline-based digital smoking cessation with computer, tablet or smartphone].

Introduction: Tobacco smoking is related with a substantial morbidity and mortality as well as with tremendous socioeconomic burden. Therefore, an early successful smoking cessation bears an enormous medical and socioeconomic importance. The gold standard of smoking cessation, a combination of behavioral und pharmacologic therapy reaches only few smokers every year and so, guideline-based, low-threshold and broadly available digital cessation support could considerably increase the annual cessation rate.

[Validation study of MEP questionnaire for simplified detection of exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

The Questionnaire "Monitoring of Exacerbation Probability" (MEP) provides a novel simple tool to assist detection and semiquantitative numerical documentation of exacerbation (ECOPD) in daily routine. In a prospective multi-center trial involving 3751 visits of 810 patients in 21 centers, MEP was evaluated and compared to the application of the EXACT-Pro questionnaire under real world conditions. The population of COPD patients included in this study is a typical COPD population demographically and clinically.

Abnormal molecular signatures of inflammation, energy metabolism, and vesicle biology in human Huntington disease peripheral tissues.

Background: A major challenge in neurodegenerative diseases concerns identifying biological disease signatures that track with disease progression or respond to an intervention. Several clinical trials in Huntington disease (HD), an inherited, progressive neurodegenerative disease, are currently ongoing. Therefore, we examine whether peripheral tissues can serve as a source of readily accessible biological signatures at the RNA and protein level in HD patients.

Nucleolar stress controls mutant Huntington toxicity and monitors Huntington's disease progression.

Transcriptional and cellular-stress surveillance deficits are hallmarks of Huntington's disease (HD), a fatal autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by a pathological expansion of CAG repeats in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene. The nucleolus, a dynamic nuclear biomolecular condensate and the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription, is implicated in the cellular stress response and in protein quality control. While the exact pathomechanisms of HD are still unclear, the impact of nucleolar dysfunction on HD pathophysiology in vivo remains elusive.

[Potential Savings in Treatment Costs of COPD through Smoking Cessation: Modeling for DMP COPD in Germany - Scientific Action Group on Tobacco Cessation (WAT) e. V.].

Based on real-life data for the stage distribution of COPD patients (GOLD) and the actual stage-related treatment costs in a large nationwide cohort study (COSYCONET) 1, the influence of the reduced smoking rate on treatment costs was determined for the scenario of a reduction in the smoking rate of 26 % in this patient group by 10 percentage points to 16 %. The assumption was made that with a reduced smoking rate, lower stages (I/II) will be more strongly represented, while higher and more cost-intensive stages (III/IV) will be proportionally reduced. The intervention to achieve tobacco abstinence was calculated for the rough model calculations with the typical costs of a guideline-compliant treatment by a behavioral therapy group cessation program and the parallel use of medication support 2 3.

[COVID-19 and Smoking - A Position Paper by the DGP Taskforce for Smoking Cessation].

Tobacco smoking is associated with severe health risks. In 2020, the WHO estimated that 8 million people have died due to smoking. Furthermore, smoking tobacco is a well-known risk factor for various infectious pulmonary diseases.

Health Promoting Schools in Germany. Mapping the Implementation of Holistic Strategies to Tackle NCDs and Promote Health.

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their underlying risk factors are seen as major public health problems that threaten health and welfare systems worldwide. The holistic and resource oriented Health Promoting School (HPS) approach can serve as an appropriate framework for the prevention and control of NCDs. The paper aimed to map the implementation of HPS activities in German schools and to examine associations with potential influencing factors.

Cross-cultural adaption and validation of the German version of the Mini-BESTest in individuals after stroke: an observational study.

Background: Postural control is a very important function in everyday life. However, assessing postural control with commonly used measurement instruments (MIs) is limited due to deficits in their psychometric properties. The Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) is a comprehensive and multidimensional MI for assessing postural control in persons with limited balance function, such as individuals after stroke.

Detection of spp., and in Gastropods in Eastern Austria.

Canine and feline cardiorespiratory parasites are of utmost relevance in veterinary medicine. Key epizootiological information on major pet metastrongyloids, i.e.

Effects of a movement control and tactile acuity training in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain and control impairment - a randomised controlled pilot study.

Background: Nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) is a heterogeneous condition that is associated with complex neuromuscular adaptations. Exercise is a widely administered treatment, but its effects are small to moderate. Tailoring patient-specific exercise treatments based on subgroup classification may improve patient outcomes.