Tranexamic Acid for reduction of intra- and postoperative TRansfusion requirements in elective Abdominal surgery (TATRA): study protocol for an investigator-initiated, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized superiority trial with two parallel groups.

Background: Intra- and postoperative hemorrhage is a relevant problem in major abdominal surgery, leading to acute anemia and necessitating transfusion of packed red blood cells. It is estimated that in 30% of abdominal surgeries, intra- or postoperative transfusion is required. Transfusion potentially has detrimental health effects and poses a considerable socioeconomic burden.

Deep learning for laser beam imprinting.

Methods of ablation imprints in solid targets are widely used to characterize focused X-ray laser beams due to a remarkable dynamic range and resolving power. A detailed description of intense beam profiles is especially important in high-energy-density physics aiming at nonlinear phenomena. Complex interaction experiments require an enormous number of imprints to be created under all desired conditions making the analysis demanding and requiring a huge amount of human work.

Phase-quadrature quantum imaging with undetected photons.

Sensing with undetected photons allows access to spectral regions with simultaneous detection of photons of another region and is based on nonlinear interferometry. To obtain the full information of a sample, the corresponding interferogram has to be analyzed in terms of amplitude and phase, which has been realized so far by multiple measurements followed by phase variation. Here, we present a polarization-optics-based phase-quadrature implementation in a nonlinear interferometer for imaging with undetected photons in the infrared region.

Towards efficient structure prediction and pre-compensation in multi-photon lithography: publisher's note.

This publisher's note contains a correction to [Opt. Express30, 28805 (2022)10.1364/OE.

Towards efficient structure prediction and pre-compensation in multi-photon lithography.

Microscale 3D printing technologies have been of increasing interest in industry and research for several years. Unfortunately, the fabricated structures always deviate from the respective expectations, often caused by the physico-chemical properties during and after the printing process. Here, we show first steps towards a simple, fast and easy to implement algorithm to predict the final structure topography for multi-photon lithography - also known as Direct Laser Writing (DLW).

Survival and Axonal Outgrowth of the Mauthner Cell Following Spinal Cord Crush Does Not Drive Post-injury Startle Responses.

A pair of Mauthner cells (M-cells) can be found in the hindbrain of most teleost fish, as well as amphibians and lamprey. The axons of these reticulospinal neurons cross the midline and synapse on interneurons and motoneurons as they descend the length of the spinal cord. The M-cell initiates fast C-type startle responses (fast C-starts) in goldfish and zebrafish triggered by abrupt acoustic/vibratory stimuli.

A Champion for Chemistry: Elements of Jim Morgan's Intellectual Legacy.

James (Jim) Morgan was a leading figure in the field of environmental science and engineering. He championed the application of chemistry in the study of the environment and the design and optimization of environmental treatment processes. Jim influenced the field through his classic text , coauthored with Werner Stumm, his role as founding editor of , his seminal contribution to computational methods for the calculation of chemical equilibria, and most especially, his mentorship of his extended academic family.

Prevalence and genetic diversity of avian haemosporidian parasites in wild bird species of the order Columbiformes.

Diseases can play a role in species decline. Among them, haemosporidian parasites, vector-transmitted protozoan parasites, are known to constitute a risk for different avian species. However, the magnitude of haemosporidian infection in wild columbiform birds, including strongly decreasing European turtle doves, is largely unknown.

Exploring the Active Site of the Antibacterial Target MraY by Modified Tunicamycins.

The alarming growth of antibiotic resistance that is currently ongoing is a serious threat to human health. One of the most promising novel antibiotic targets is MraY (phospho-MurNAc-pentapeptide-transferase), an essential enzyme in bacterial cell wall synthesis. Through recent advances in biochemical research, there is now structural information available for MraY, and for its human homologue GPT (GlcNAc-1-P-transferase), that opens up exciting possibilities for structure-based drug design.

The rapid "teabag" method for high-end purification of membrane proteins.

Overproduction and purification of membrane proteins are generally challenging and time-consuming procedures due to low expression levels, misfolding, and low stability once extracted from the membrane. Reducing processing steps and shortening the timespan for purification represent attractive approaches to overcome some of these challenges. We have therefore compared a fast "teabag" purification method with conventional purification for five different membrane proteins (MraY, AQP10, ClC-1, PAR2 and KCC2).

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency and Pulmonary Morbidity in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency Disease: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is of importance in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), and bronchiectasis. Various pulmonary disorders are a typical feature of primary immunodeficiency disease (PID). This includes recurrent pulmonary infections, immunodysregulation, and autoinflammatory diseases.

Phylogeny of the Eurasian Wren Nannus troglodytes (Aves: Passeriformes: Troglodytidae) reveals deep and complex diversification patterns of Ibero-Maghrebian and Cyrenaican populations.

The Mediterranean Basin represents a Global Biodiversity Hotspot where many organisms show high inter- and intraspecific differentiation. Extant phylogeographic patterns of terrestrial circum-Mediterranean faunas were mainly shaped through Pleistocene range shifts and range fragmentations due to retreat into different glacial refugia. Thus, several extant Mediterranean bird species have diversified by surviving glaciations in different hospitable refugia and subsequently expanded their distribution ranges during the Holocene.

Cyclophosphamide pulse therapy as treatment for severe interstitial lung diseases.

Introduction: Besides invasive or non-invasive ventilation, treatment of severe forms of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) includes immunosuppressive medication. In case of refractory organ- or life-threatening courses of disease, cyclophosphamide pulse therapy can serve as a rescue treatment option.

Objectives: To investigate therapeutic and prognostic effects of cyclophosphamide for the treatment of severe forms of ILD on intensive care unit (ICU) we performed this analysis.

Fe(II)-Catalyzed Ligand-Controlled Dissolution of Iron(hydr)oxides.

Dissolution of iron(III)phases is a key process in soils, surface waters, and the ocean. Previous studies found that traces of Fe(II) can greatly increase ligand controlled dissolution rates at acidic pH, but the extent that this also occurs at circumneutral pH and what mechanisms are involved are not known. We addressed these questions with infrared spectroscopy and Fe isotope exchange experiments with lepidocrocite (Lp) and 50 μM ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) at pH 6 and 7.

Calibration sample for arbitrary metrological characteristics of optical topography measuring instruments.

Areal optical surface topography measurement is an emerging technology for industrial quality control. However, neither calibration procedures nor the utilization of material measures are standardized. State of the art is the calibration of a set of metrological characteristics with multiple calibration samples (material measures).