Initial experience with identifying high-grade prostate cancer using diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) in patients with a Gleason score ≤ 3 + 3 = 6 upon schematic TRUS-guided biopsy: a radical prostatectomy correlated series.

Introduction: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (DWI) might be able to fulfill the need to accurately identify high-grade prostate carcinoma, in patients initially selected for active surveillance in the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) screening era based on transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy Gleason score. We aimed to determine whether DWI is able to correctly identify those patients with a biopsy Gleason score of ≤ 3 + 3 = 6, but harboring Gleason 4 and/or 5 components in their radical prostatectomy (RP) specimen.

Materials And Methods: Whole-mount RP specimens were used to identify regions of interest corresponding with tumor on the DWI-derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in 23 patients with a Gleason ≤ 3 + 3 = 6 on biopsy.

Biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostatic inflammation in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Background: Chronic prostatic inflammation could be a central mechanism in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression. Currently, the histological examination of prostate biopsies remains the only way to diagnose prostatic inflammation. Our objective was to find new noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostatic inflammation.

Body mass index is not a predictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in Dutch men diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Purpose: To determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) on clinical and pathological characteristics at time of diagnosis and on risk of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy among Dutch men diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Methods: In total, 1,116 prostate cancer patients with known BMI, diagnosed between 2003 and 2006, were identified from the population-based cancer registry held by the Comprehensive Cancer Centre East, The Netherlands. Of these, 504 patients underwent a radical prostatectomy.

Brachytherapy versus cystectomy in solitary bladder cancer: a case control, multicentre, East-Netherlands study.

Purpose: Comparing the outcome of surgery and brachytherapy-based radiotherapy in patients with solitary T1G3/T2 bladder tumour in, a retrospective case-control study, because efforts for a randomised clinical trial comparing these modalities have failed.

Materials And Methods: Cystectomy group. Patients were selected using the pathological registration system (PALGA).

Impact of obesity on surgical outcomes following open radical prostatectomy.

Objective: The increasing incidence of both obesity and prostate cancer (PCa) detection will confront the urologist more often with obese men having PCa. It is unknown whether obesity affects the surgical and oncological outcomes following open radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP). Knowledge concerning this issue is relevant when counselling obese patients with PCa for RRP.

Allelic imbalance analysis using a single-nucleotide polymorphism microarray for the detection of bladder cancer recurrence.

Purpose: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is a frequently occurring cancer, with an extremely high recurrence risk. Recurrence detection is based on cytology and urethrocystoscopy. A previous study suggested that a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array may be effective for noninvasive detection of allelic imbalances in urine.

The time-resolved fluorescence-based PCA3 test on urinary sediments after digital rectal examination; a Dutch multicenter validation of the diagnostic performance.

Purpose: To improve the specificity in prostate cancer diagnosis and to prevent unnecessary prostate biopsies, especially in the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) "gray zone" between 3 and 15 ng/mL, the implementation of prostate cancer-specific markers is urgently needed. The recently discovered prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) is such a promising prostate cancer marker. In a previous single institution study, the PCA3 urine test clearly proved to be of diagnostic value.

UroVysion compared with cytology and quantitative cytology in the surveillance of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Objectives: The multitarget fluorescence in situ hybridization probe set Vysis UroVysion, consisting of probes for chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and for the 9p21 band, was studied to evaluate its value in the follow-up of patients with bladder cancer. The results were compared with conventional cytology and quantitative cytology (Quanticyt). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether UroVysion is a better adjunct to urethrocystoscopy than cytology and quantitative cytology.

DD3(PCA3)-based molecular urine analysis for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Background: DD3(PCA3) is the most prostate cancer-specific gene described to date. To assess the clinical utility of DD3(PCA3) a time-resolved fluorescence-based, quantitative RT-PCR analysis for DD3(PCA3) was developed.

Methods: The diagnostic potential of DD3(PCA3) was determined by quantitative measurement of DD3(PCA3) transcripts in non-malignant and malignant prostate specimens.