Transforming growth factor-beta1 induced myofibroblasts regulate LNCaP cell death.

Purpose: Reactive stroma represents a generic wound response phenomenon, which has been identified in areas of tissue injury and carcinogenesis. To determine whether reactive stroma influences prostate tumor cell growth 3 primary prostate stromal cell lines were treated with transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) to induce the reactive stroma phenotype and then co-cultured with LNCaP cells.

Materials And Methods: Flow cytometry was performed in LNCaP cells that had been co-cultured with induced reactive stroma or control stroma and an index of cell death and proliferation was obtained.

Effects of systematic 12-core biopsy on the performance of percent free prostate specific antigen for prostate cancer detection.

Purpose: The performance characteristics of percent free (f) prostate specific antigen (PSA) for differentiating between benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer were originally established using primarily sextant biopsy. We determined whether the addition of 6 laterally directed cores to the traditional sextant prostate biopsy affects the performance of percent fPSA.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a cohort of 350 consecutive biopsies in men with negative digital rectal examinations and PSA between 4 and 10 ng/ml who underwent systematic 12 core biopsy (S12C) biopsy at Scott Department of Urology between March 1999 and January 2003.

Impact of unilateral interposition sural nerve grafting on recovery of urinary function after radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that unilateral sural nerve graft (SNG) interposition may improve the rate of urinary function (UF) recovery after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) in patients undergoing unilateral nerve resection (UNR).

Methods: We studied 111 consecutive patients who underwent RRP with purposeful UNR performed by a single surgeon. Of the 111 patients, 53 underwent unilateral SNG interposition.

Serum BPSA outperforms both total PSA and free PSA as a predictor of prostatic enlargement in men without prostate cancer.

Objectives: To determine whether the serum concentration of BPSA, a distinct form of free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) enriched in the nodular transition zone (TZ) tissue of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), can predict TZ volume and diagnose BPH-associated prostatic enlargement in patients without prostate cancer.

Methods: We studied 91 consecutive patients without prostate cancer who underwent a 10-core or greater biopsy of the prostate. The associations between prostate volume, age, International Prostate Symptom Score, and serum concentrations of PSA, free PSA, and BPSA were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve and linear and binary logistic regression analyses.

Predictors of prostate cancer after initial negative systematic 12 core biopsy.

Purpose: We determined the cancer detection rate at initial systematic 12 core (S12C) biopsy and identified features associated with cancer at repeat S12C biopsy after an initial negative S12C biopsy in patients with prostate specific antigen (PSA) parameters associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: Between February 1999 and June 2002, 841 patients underwent initial S12C biopsy. Of these patients 99 underwent repeat S12C biopsy after initial negative S12C because of a percent free-to-total PSA of 15.

Improved detection of clinically significant, curable prostate cancer with systematic 12-core biopsy.

Purpose: While systematic 12-core (S12C) biopsy detects more cancers than sextant biopsy, to our knowledge the clinical significance of these additionally detected tumors has not been established. We studied pathological parameters of prostatectomy specimens from patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer detected with a S12C biopsy to determine the clinical significance of these cancers in comparison with sextant detected cancers.

Materials And Methods: A total of 179 consecutive patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer detected by S12C biopsy were studied.

Six additional systematic lateral cores enhance sextant biopsy prediction of pathological features at radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: We evaluated the contribution of 6 additional systematically obtained, laterally directed biopsy cores to traditional sextant biopsy for the prediction of final pathological findings in the radical prostatectomy specimen.

Materials And Methods: We studied 178 consecutive patients with no history of prostate biopsy in whom prostate cancer was diagnosed during an initial systematic 12 core biopsy and who subsequently underwent radical prostatectomy. Of the systematic 12 cores we compared the subset of the 6 traditional sextant cores (S6C), the set of 6 laterally directed cores (L6C) and the complete 12 core set, which included the 6 traditional sextant and the 6 laterally directed cores.

Renal-type clear cell carcinoma occurring in the prostate.

Clear cell lesions of the urinary tract often present diagnostic challenges. We report a previously undescribed lesion in the prostate, occurring in a 73-year-old man who presented with hematuria and subsequently underwent transurethral resection of the prostate. A total of 24 g of tissue was removed, and in 4 of 17 blocks submitted a lesion morphologically and immunohistochemically similar to clear cell carcinoma of the kidney was noted.