The protective impact of myricetin against PM-induced cellular apoptosis by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Particulate matter 2.5 (PM) exposure is responsible for skin inflammation, aging, and disruption of skin homeostasis. The objective of this investigation was to assess the potential of myricetin in protecting against skin damage caused by PM.

Epigenetic Regulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 in Colorectal Cancer Cells Resistant to Ionizing Radiation.

γ-Radiation resistance is a major obstacle to the success of radiotherapy in colorectal cancer. Antioxidant-related factors contribute to resistance to radiation therapy and, therefore, are targets for improving the therapeutic response. In this study, we evaluated the molecular mechanisms underlying γ-radiation resistance using the colorectal cancer cell line SNUC5 and γ-radiation-resistant variant SNUC5/RR, including analyses of the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor that regulates antioxidant enzymes, and related epigenetic regulators.

Innovative transgenic zebrafish biosensor for heavy metal detection.

Heavy metal contamination is an urgent environmental issue that poses a significant threat to human health and the ecosystem. To mitigate the adverse impacts of heavy metal pollution, the aim of this research was to develop genetically engineered zebrafish as biosensors, which offer a promising alternative for detecting heavy metal exposure, specifically Cd⁺ and Zn⁺. A novel heavy metal-sensitive gene construct metallothionine 2 promoter with DsRed reporter gene (mt2-DsRed2) was synthesized and integrated into zebrafish embryos using a Tol2 transposon transposase system with the transgenic zebrafish line subjected to biosensing applications for Cd and Zn.

C-Peptide Ameliorates Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Skin Cell Apoptosis by Inhibiting NADPH Oxidation.

Connecting peptide (C-peptide), a byproduct of insulin biosynthesis, has diverse cellular and biological functions. Particulate matter 2.5 (PM) adversely affects human skin, leading to skin thickening, wrinkle formation, skin aging, and inflammation.

Unveiling nanoparticle-immune interactions: how super-resolution imaging illuminates the invisible.

Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in nanomedicine, particularly in harnessing and manipulating immune cells. However, the current understanding of the interactions between NPs and immune cells at the nanoscale remains limited. Advancing this knowledge guides the design principles of NPs.

Impulse control disorders and other non-motor symptoms in Sri Lankan patients with Parkinson's disease.

The impact of non-motor symptoms is often overlooked in favour of the motor symptoms when managing Parkinson's disease resulting in suboptimal patient outcomes. This study aimed to characterise the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients with a special focus on the impulsive control disorders and other compulsive behaviours (ICDs-CB) that had not been previously studied in this population. All patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease followed up at the National Hospital of Colombo, Sri Lanka were included.

Butin Protects Keratinocytes From Particulate Matter 2.5 and Ultraviolet B-Mediated Damages.

Background: Butin is a naturally occurring compound with a wide range of medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, and antioxidant properties. Particulate matter 2.5 (PM) and ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation contribute to skin cell damage via the induction of oxidative stress.

Geometry of milk liners affects milking performance in dairy cows.

The geometry of milk liners may affect milking performance and cow comfort as the milk liner is the only part of the milking machine that comes into contact with the teat. To determine the effect of alternative shape of milk liners we compared square (SQR) the conventional round (RND) teat cup liner on milking performance and comfort of dairy cows. Treatment milk liners were randomly allocated to clusters within each side of the 12 a side double up-herringbone dairy shed in a complete randomised block design over two periods.

Shikonin protects skin cells against oxidative stress and cellular dysfunction induced by fine particulate matter.

Shikonin, an herbal naphthoquinone, demonstrates a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. Owing to increasingly adverse environmental conditions, human skin is vulnerable to harmful influences from dust particles. This study explored the antioxidant capabilities of shikonin and its ability to protect human keratinocytes from oxidative stress induced by fine particulate matter (PM).

The inhibitory effect of chlorogenic acid on oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by PM in HaCaT keratinocytes.

Exposure to fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM) can cause oxidative damage and apoptosis in the human skin. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a bioactive polyphenolic compound with antioxidant, antifungal, and antiviral properties.

Policy implementation and recommended actions to create healthy food environments using the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI): a comparative analysis in South Asia.

Background: The increasing prevalence of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in South Asia is concerning, with type 2 diabetes projected to rise to 68%, compared to the global increase of 44%. Encouraging healthy diets requires stronger policies for healthier food environments.

Methods: This study reviewed and assessed food environment policies in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka from 2020 to 2022 using the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI) and compared them with global best practices.

Inhibitory Action of 1,3,5-Trihydroxybenzene on UVB-Induced NADPH Oxidase 4 through AMPK and JNK Signaling Pathways.

Specific sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet B (UVB) rays is one of the mechanisms responsible for widespread skin damage. This study tested whether 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene (THB), a compound abundant in marine products, might inhibit UVB radiation-induced NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in both human HaCaT keratinocytes and mouse dorsal skin and explore its cytoprotective mechanism. The mechanism of action was determined using western blotting, immunocytochemistry, NADP/NADPH assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, and cell viability assay.

The Prevalence and Epidemiological Features of Ischaemic Heart Disease in Sri Lanka.

Background: There is limited evidence on the prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and its association with risk factors and socioeconomic status (SES) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the relatively high levels of access to healthcare in Sri Lanka, the association of IHD with SES may be different from that observed in other LMICs.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of IHD in Sri Lanka, determine its associated risk factors and its association with SES.

Protective effect of luteolin against oxidative stress‑mediated cell injury via enhancing antioxidant systems.

Physiological stress such as excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production may contribute normal fibroblasts activation into cancer‑associated fibroblasts, which serve a crucial role in certain types of cancer such as pancreatic, breast, liver and lung cancer. The present study aimed to examine the cytoprotective effects of luteolin (3',4',5,7‑tetrahydroxyflavone) against hydrogen peroxide (HO)‑generated oxidative stress in lung fibroblasts. To examine the effects of luteolin against HO‑induced damages, cell viability, sub‑G cell population, nuclear staining with Hoechst 33342, lipid peroxidation and comet assays were performed.

Silver nanoparticle-induced cell damage via impaired mtROS-JNK/MnSOD signaling pathway.

This study investigated the mechanism of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) cytotoxicity from a mitochondrial perspective. The effect of AgNP on manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, against oxidative stress has not been studied in detail. We demonstrated that AgNP decreased MnSOD mRNA level, protein expression, and activity in human Chang liver cells in a time-dependent manner.

Oxidative Stress-Mediated RUNX3 Mislocalization Occurs Via Jun Activation Domain-Binding Protein 1 and Histone Modification.

Runt domain transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) suppresses many different cancer types and is disabled by mutations, epigenetic repression, or cytoplasmic mislocalization. In this study, we investigated whether oxidative stress is associated with RUNX3 accumulation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in terms of histone modification. Oxidative stress elevated histone deacetylase (HDAC) level and lowered that of histone acetyltransferase.

Protective effect of 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde against PM-induced cell cycle arrest and autophagy in keratinocytes.

Particulate matter 2.5 (PM) poses a serious threat to human health and is responsible for respiratory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and skin disorders. 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3-BDB), abundant in marine red algae, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities.

Protective Effect of Fermented Sea Tangle Extract on Skin Cell Damage Caused by Particulate Matter.

The skin is directly exposed to atmospheric pollutants, especially particulate matter 2.5 (PM) in the air, which poses significant harm to skin health. However, limited research has been performed to identify molecules that can confer resistance to such substances.

Can the Inclusion of Forage Chicory in the Diet of Lactating Dairy Cattle Alter Milk Production and Milk Fatty Acid Composition? Findings of a Multilevel Meta-Analysis.

In traditional ryegrass/white clover ( L./ L.) pastoral systems, forage herbs such as chicory ( L.

Rosmarinic Acid Protects Skin Keratinocytes from Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Apoptosis.

The exposure of the human skin to particulate matter 2.5 (PM) results in adverse health outcomes, such as skin aging, wrinkle formation, pigment spots, and atopic dermatitis. It has previously been shown that rosmarinic acid (RA) can protect keratinocytes from ultraviolet B radiation by enhancing cellular antioxidant systems and reducing oxidative damage; however, its protective action against the adverse effects of PM on skin cells remains unclear.

Naringenin Induces Cellular Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells Intracellular ROS Generation.

Background/aim: Melanoma is a prevalent malignant tumor that arises from melanocytes. The treatment of malignant melanoma has become challenging due to the development of drug resistance. It is, therefore, imperative to identify novel therapeutic drug candidates for controlling malignant melanoma.