CYP2C19 and CYP2J2 genotypes predict praziquantel plasma exposure among Ethiopian school-aged children.

Metabolism of praziquantel (PZQ), a racemic mixture and the only drug approved to treat S. mansoni infection, is mediated by genetically polymorphic enzymes. Periodic school-based mass drug administration (MDA) with PZQ is the core intervention to control schistosomiasis.

Reduced efficacy of single-dose albendazole against Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura, and high reinfection rate after cure among school children in southern Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Mass drug administration (MDA) program of albendazole to at-risk populations as preventive chemotherapy is the core public health intervention to control soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). Achieving this goal relies on drug effectiveness in reducing the parasite reservoirs in the community and preventing reinfection. We assessed the efficacy of albendazole against STH parasite infection and reinfection status after cure.

A three years antimicrobials consumption in Ethiopia from 2017 to 2019: A cross- sectional study.

Background: The widespread use and misuse of antimicrobials are the major driving factor for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that threatens the health of human beings globally. Thus, monitoring antimicrobial consumption at national level is crucial to prevent and contain AMR. Nevertheless, there is no well-established system for recording and reporting of antimicrobial consumption in Ethiopia.

Efficacy and safety of praziquantel preventive chemotherapy in infected school children in Southern Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study.

The World Health Organization recommends efficacy and safety surveillance of anti-helminths used in mass drug administration campaigns. We evaluated the effectiveness of single-dose praziquantel against infection, and the safety of praziquantel plus albendazole preventive chemotherapy (PC) in infected school children (n = 512) in Southern Ethiopia. Stool examinations were done using thick smear Kato-Katz at baseline, week-4, and week-8 of post-Mass drug administration (MDA) to assess praziquantel efficacy.

Smoke-free law compliance and predictive factors in Ethiopia: observational assessment of public places and workplaces.

Objectives: The primary objective of this observational study was to assess the status of public place and workplace compliance with smoke-free provisions in Ethiopia.

Methods: This study was conducted in four regions of Ethiopia (Oromia; Sidama; Harari; and Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region) from September to October 2021. Data were collected using a standardised smoke-free checklist.

Safety Surveillance of Mass Praziquantel and Albendazole Co-Administration in School Children from Southern Ethiopia: An Active Cohort Event Monitoring.

Preventive chemotherapy (PC) with praziquantel and albendazole co-administration to all at-risk populations is the global intervention strategy to eliminate schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) from being public health problems. Due to weak pharmacovigilance systems, safety monitoring during a mass drug administration (MDA) is lacking, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted large-scale active safety surveillance to identify the incidence, types, severity, and associated risk factors of adverse events (AEs) following praziquantel and albendazole MDA in 5848 school children (5−15 years old).

Policies, delivery models, and lessons learned from integrating mental health and substance abuse services into primary health care in Ethiopia.

In Ethiopia, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent 18.3% of premature mortality, consume 23% of the household expenditures, and cost 1.8% of the gross domestic product.

Is the legal framework by itself enough for successful WHO code implementation? A case study from Ethiopia.

Since 2016, Ethiopia has passed several proclamations and directives to regulate the promotion of commercial breastmilk substitute (BMS). Ethiopia's market potential will undoubtedly be the gravitating point for international infant formula companies due to growing urbanization, purchasing power, population, and the relatively low use of BMS to-date. The aim of this review is to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the existing laws, standards, and monitoring documents used to regulate the marketing of BMSs in Ethiopia and make future recommendations.

Substandard Cisplatin Found While Screening the Quality of Anticancer Drugs From Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Purpose: A postmarket evaluation of chemotherapy dosage forms in Ethiopia was conducted to test the accuracy of the chemoPAD, a paper analytical device for drug quality screening.

Materials And Methods: In September of 2018 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 41 anticancer drug dosage forms (representing 4 active ingredients, 5 brands, and 7 lot numbers) were collected and were rapidly screened for quality using a chemotherapy paper analytical device (chemoPAD). Confirmatory analysis via high performance liquid chromatography was conducted.

Multidisciplinary and multisectoral coalitions as catalysts for action against antimicrobial resistance: Implementation experiences at national and regional levels.

The multi-faceted complexities of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) require consistent action, a multidisciplinary approach, and long-term political commitment. Building coalitions can amplify stakeholder efforts to carry out effective AMR prevention and control strategies. We have developed and implemented an approach to help local stakeholders kick-start the coalition-building process.