Pulmonary CT perfusion robustly measures cardiac output in the context of multilevel pulmonary occlusion: a porcine study.

Background: To validate pulmonary computed tomography (CT) perfusion in a porcine model by invasive monitoring of cardiac output (CO) using thermodilution method.

Methods: Animals were studied at a single center, using a Swan-Ganz catheter for invasive CO monitoring as a reference. Fifteen pigs were included.

Evaluation of Different Contrast Agents for Regional Lung Perfusion Measurement Using Electrical Impedance Tomography: An Experimental Pilot Study.

Monitoring regional blood flow distribution in the lungs appears to be useful for individually optimizing ventilation therapy. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can be used at the bedside for indicator-based regional lung perfusion measurement. Hypertonic saline is widely used as a contrast agent but could be problematic for clinical use due to potential side effects.

A Rotational Invariant Neural Network for Electrical Impedance Tomography Imaging without Reference Voltage: RF-REIM-NET.

: Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a radiation-free technique for image reconstruction. However, as the inverse problem of EIT is non-linear and ill-posed, the reconstruction of sharp conductivity images poses a major problem. With the emergence of artificial neural networks (ANN), their application in EIT has recently gained interest.

Measurement of Electrical Impedance Tomography-Based Regional Ventilation Delay for Individualized Titration of End-Expiratory Pressure.

Rationale: Individualized positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration might be beneficial in preventing tidal recruitment. To detect tidal recruitment by electrical impedance tomography (EIT), the time disparity between the regional ventilation curves (regional ventilation delay inhomogeneity [RVDI]) can be measured during controlled mechanical ventilation when applying a slow inflation of 12 mL/kg of body weight (BW). However, repeated large slow inflations may result in high end-inspiratory pressure (P), which might limit the clinical applicability of this method.

A model-based source separation algorithm for lung perfusion imaging using electrical impedance tomography.

. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for lung perfusion imaging is attracting considerable interest in intensive care, as it might open up entirely new ways to adjust ventilation therapy. A promising technique is bolus injection of a conductive indicator to the central venous catheter, which yields the indicator-based signal (IBS).

Electrical Impedance Tomography for Cardio-Pulmonary Monitoring.

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a bedside monitoring tool that noninvasively visualizes local ventilation and arguably lung perfusion distribution. This article reviews and discusses both methodological and clinical aspects of thoracic EIT. Initially, investigators addressed the validation of EIT to measure regional ventilation.

A Modified Method to Assess Tidal Recruitment by Electrical Impedance Tomography.

Avoiding tidal recruitment and collapse during mechanical ventilation should reduce the risk of lung injury. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) enables detection of tidal recruitment by measuring regional ventilation delay inhomogeneity (RVDI) during a slow inflation breath with a tidal volume (V) of 12 mL/kg body weight (BW). Clinical applicability might be limited by such high Vs resulting in high end-inspiratory pressures (P) during positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration.

Regional lung ventilation and perfusion by electrical impedance tomography compared to single-photon emission computed tomography.

Objective: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive imaging modality that allows real-time monitoring of regional lung ventilation ([Formula: see text]) in intensive care patients at bedside. However, for improved guidance of ventilation therapy it would be beneficial to obtain regional ventilation-to-perfusion ratio ([Formula: see text]) by EIT.

Approach: In order to further explore the feasibility, we first evaluate a model-based approach, based on semi-negative matrix factorization and a gamma-variate model, to extract regional lung perfusion ([Formula: see text]) from EIT measurements.

Gamma-variate modeling of indicator dilution curves in electrical impedance tomography.

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive imaging technique, that can be used to monitor regional lung ventilation (V̇) in intensive care units (ICU) at bedside. This work introduces a method to extract regional lung perfusion (Q̇) from EIT image streams in order to quantify regional gas exchange in the lungs. EIT data from a single porcine animal trial, recorded during injection of a contrast agent (NaCl 10%) into a central venous catheter (CVC), are used for evaluation.

[Manufacturing and stability of copper-histidine solution for treatment of Menkes' Kinky Hair Syndrome].

Menkes' Kinky Hair Syndrom is a rare, X-linked recessive multisystemic lethal disorder of copper metabolism. Male infants who are affected usually die at the age of 2-3 years. If the disease is diagnosed early, patients profit from subcutaneously administered copper salts.

[Drug interactions in practice].

As potential modulators of drug safety and effectiveness the compatibility and stability of drugs are important elements in drug prescription and drug administration to patients. According to various characteristics, important differences between areas of stationary hospital care and ambulatory care are evident. While the challenges in the ambulatory care setting have been focussed on dermatological topical medication, incompatibility assessment is a challenge for the physician and the pharmacist in a hospital setting.