Error assessment of subjective estimates of linear breast dimensions versus the objective method.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the subjective method of estimating linear breast dimensions in comparison to the objective method.

Methods: The reproducibility and accuracy of the subjective method of estimating linear breast dimensions during a simplified breast shape analysis were examined. Four linear breast dimensions including the distance from the sternal notch to the nipple, distance from the nipple to the inframammary fold, distance from the nipple to the midline and under-breast width were evaluated based on subjective estimates.

Assessment of the reproducibility and accuracy of the Visia Complexion Analysis Camera System for objective skin analysis of facial wrinkles and skin age.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the reproducibility and accuracy of the Visia Complexion Analysis Camera System by Canfield Scientific for objective skin analysis.

Methods: Nineteen participants underwent facial capture with the Visia camera following a standardised protocol. During the first session, the participants sat down and positioned their faces in a capture rig, closed their eyes and had their faces captured from the left, front and right sides, with threefold repetition of the captures from the front side.

Investigating the effects of Argireline in a skin serum containing hyaluronic acids on skin surface wrinkles using the Visia Complexion Analysis camera system for objective skin analysis.

Objective: To analyze the effects of Argireline on skin surface wrinkles using the Visia camera system developed by Canfield Scientific Inc., U.S.

Exploring natural breast symmetry in the female plastic surgical patient population.

Background: Breast symmetry remains a challenging quality to measure. The question arises of how much baseline breast symmetry exists in the female plastic surgical patient population.

Material And Methods: Several linear dimensional assessments were collected based on a retrospective analysis of objective data of women with natural breasts, who presented for an initial consultation in a plastic surgical clinic and were measured with the 3D Vectra Camera by the company Canfield Scientific Inc.

Measurement of the effects of the IMAGE MD skin care regimen on skin surface features via modern imaging technology with the Visia complexion analysis camera system.

Objective: Objective analysis of the effects of a series of skin care products by application of modern imaging technology.

Method: A study was conducted in 25 volunteers who attended a plastic surgical clinic. The cosmeceuticals chosen for investigation were from the IMAGE MD series provided by the company IMAGE Skincare.

Investigation of the precision of the Visia complexion analysis camera system in the assessment of skin surface features.

Background: The aim of this study was to independently investigate the precision of the high resolution Visia camera, from Canfield Scientific, to capture several skin surface features.

Method: Facial images of eight volunteers were taken with closed eyes and a relaxed face. The capture was conducted in a resting position within a positioning rig.

Validation of the Visia Camera System for skin analysis through assessment of the correlations among the three offered measurements - the percentile, feature count and absolute score - as well as the three capture perspectives, from the left, front and right.

Objective: Validation of the Visia Camera System in terms of providing data on various skin aspects via the establishment of the correlations among the obtained measurements - the percentile, feature count and absolute score.

Method: A large data cloud was analysed statistically following a clinical study. In the study, facial images of nineteen women were obtained at two different time points, before and three months after following a skin care routine.

Multisegmental Lumbar Corporectomy and Transcorporal Fixation for Correction of Extreme Thoracolumbar Kyphosis in Myelomeningocele with Chronic Decubitus.

We introduce a novel technique for the treatment of severe kyphosis in myelomeningocele. A 5-year-old paraplegic boy with myelomeningocele presented with severe thoracolumbar kyphosis and a chronic ulcus at the site of the gibbus. The myelomeningocele had been treated during his first week of life, and an accompanying Chiari type II malformation had been treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunting.

Optimal Positioning of the Nipple-Areola Complex in Men Using the Mohrenheim-Estimated-Tangential-Tracking-Line (METT-Line): An Intuitive Approach.

Introduction: The reconstruction of the body shape after post-bariatric surgery or high-grade gynecomastia involves, besides skin tightening, the repositioning of anatomical, apparent landmarks. The surgeon usually defines these during the preoperative planning. In particular, the positions of the nipple-areola complexes (NAC) should contribute to the gender-appropriate appearance.

The Kinect Recording System for objective three- and four-dimensional breast assessment with image overlays.

Introduction: We investigated the application of the validated portable Kinect camera for three- and four-dimensional breast assessment in female life models.

Method: Breast images from six life models were captured using the Kinect camera. Capture was conducted with taking three different arm positions while standing upright: with the arms straight down, straight up to the side at 90° and straight all the way up.

Treatment of Giant Fibroadenoma in Young Women: Results after Tumor Excision without Reconstructive Surgery.

Giant fibroadenoma (GFA) of the breast is defined as fibroadenoma larger than 5 cm, usually presenting unilaterally and manifesting as breast asymmetry or deformity of the breast. A retrospective database search was done of all patients with giant fibroadenoma who underwent surgery for GFA in the breast center of Hanover Medical School between 2007 and 2014; all patients with GFA were followed up. Data were analyzed with regard to tumor and patient characteristics and esthetic outcome.

[Validation of Subjective Estimates of Female Breast Volume and Comparison with Objective Methods].

Introduction: To date it remains unclear how well we are doing in subjectively judging breast volume.

Method: 2 experienced female examiners reviewed images of 88 female breasts and estimated breast volumes. The "true" breast volumes were previously objectively obtained by breast analysis tool (BAT) software.

Multi-view stereophotogrammetry for post-mastectomy breast reconstruction.

A multi-view three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry system was developed to capture 3D shape of breasts for breast cancer patients. The patients had received immediate unilateral breast reconstruction after mastectomy by the extended latissimus dorsi flap and without contralateral surgery. In order to capture the whole breast shape including the inframammary fold, the patients were introduced to the imaging room and leaned over the imaging rig to open up the inframammary fold and to expose the entire area of each breast.

[Landmark-based statistical procrustes analysis in the examination of breast shape and symmetry].

Aim: The aim of this presentation is the explanation of a mathematical analysis of a landmark-based procrustes calculation. The various components of breast symmetry and their impact on breast reconstruction have been examined.

Method: In an objective breast shape analysis asymmetries are quantified as a measure of the difference between a 3D landmark configuration of a breast and its mirror image.

Dermoglandular rotation flaps for breast-conserving therapy: aesthetic results, patient satisfaction, and morbidity in comparison to standard segmentectomy.

We compared a dermoglandular rotation flap (DGR) in the upper inner, lower inner, and upper outer quadrant regarding similar aesthetic results, patient satisfaction, and comfort after breast-conserving therapy with standard segmentectomy (SE). Between 2003 and 2011, 69 patients were treated with breast-conserving surgery using DGR for cancers with high tumor-to-breast volume ratios or skin resection in the three above mentioned quadrants; 161 patients with tumors in the same quadrants were treated with SE. The outcome of the procedures was assessed at least 7 months after completed radiation therapy using a patient and breast surgeon questionnaire and the BCCT.

Breast reconstruction and revision surgery for implant-associated breast deformities using porcine acellular dermal matrix: a multicenter study of 156 cases.

Background: Acellular dermal matrix is increasingly used as caudolateral coverage for breast implants in immediate breast reconstruction after skin-sparing mastectomy or in the correction of implant-associated breast deformities. Matrices of human, bovine, and porcine origin are available. The purpose of this retrospective multicenter study was to report experiences with porcine acellular dermal matrices, as only limited data can be found in the literature.

Validation of the Kinect device as a new portable imaging system for three-dimensional breast assessment.

Aim: The aim of this study was the evaluation of a new, simple, touchless, low-cost and portable three-dimensional (3D) measurement system for objective breast assessment.

Method: The Kinect Recording System by Microsoft was used. Coloured and depth images were captured of nine silicone breast implants of known volumes.

The importance of the pose in three-dimensional imaging of the ptotic breast.

Introduction: 3D imaging of the breast has recently emerged as a new method for objective breast assessment. However in the ptotic breast shape, which is seen in the majority of cases, the sub-mammary fold remains obscured when the breast is captured in an upright body posture.

Method: A self-designed positioning frame for 3D breast capture was utilized as a safe positioning aide.

Subjective versus objective assessment of breast reconstruction.

Background: To date breast assessment has been conducted mainly subjectively. However lately validated objective three-dimensional (3D) imaging was developed. The study aimed to assess breast reconstruction subjectively and objectively and conduct a comparison.

Investigation into variation and errors of a three-dimensional breast imaging system using multiple stereo cameras.

Background: Errors derive from the variability seen in the repeat volume measurements for a particular individual. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation and errors of a three-dimensional (3D) multiple stereo camera system for objective breast assessment. It was also investigated whether there was any correlation between these errors and the size of the breast.

Objective evaluation of the latissimus dorsi flap for breast reconstruction using three-dimensional imaging.

Background: The latissimus dorsi muscle flap is a common method for the reconstruction of the breast following mastectomy. The study aimed to assess the quality of this reconstruction using a three-dimensional (3D) imaging method. The null hypothesis was that there was no difference in volume between the reconstructed breast and the opposite side.

Investigation into accuracy and reproducibility of a 3D breast imaging system using multiple stereo cameras.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of a three-dimensional (3D) multiple stereo camera system for objective breast assessment.

Methods: A multiple stereo camera system, which consisted of four pods and eight cameras, two cameras on each pod, developed by Glasgow University, was used. Nine specially shaped plaster breast models were captured once, 3Dmodels were constructed and the volume of each plaster model was measured 10 times by the breast analysis tool (BAT) software.

[Pyoderma gangrenosum: a rare cause of unexpected wound healing delay].

Pyoderma gangrenosum represents a rare but severe disturbance of wound healing following operative interventions. A case report of pyoderma gangrenosum after breast surgery is presented and the aetiology and the various options regarding investigations and treatment are discussed considering the current literature.

The use of Munsell colour charts in nipple-areola tattooing.

Tattooing is an excellent, simple and quick option in nipple-areola reconstruction. Colour mismatch is one of the commonest problems with this procedure. Use of Munsell colour charts allows the premixing of common colours for different patient populations using pigments from various manufacturers.