CT Predictors of Angiolymphatic Invasion in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer 30 mm or Smaller.

Background Angiolymphatic invasion (ALI) is an important prognostic indicator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, few studies focus on radiologic features for predicting ALI in patients with early-stage NSCLCs 30 mm or smaller. Purpose To identify radiologic features for predicting ALI in NSCLCs 30 mm or smaller in maximum diameter.

The Winner and still champion: Nodule volume doubling times.

There have been enormous advances in the approach to assessing malignancy status of indeterminate pulmonary nodules including risk models, image based biomarkers and numerous types of biologic and molecular markers. All of these have the advantage of guiding further workup once the nodule is identified. The traditional method, especially for smaller nodules relies primarily on assessing whether a nodule changes in size over time and is a feature in virtually every management protocol for both screen detected as well as incidentally detected nodules.

GI cancer mortality in participants in low dose CT screening for lung cancer with a focus on pancreatic cancer.

Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deaths globally, has better survival rates with early detection. Annual low-dose CT (LDCT) screenings are recommended for high-risk individuals due to age and smoking. These individuals are also at risk for other cancers.

Predicted Effect of Incidental Pulmonary Nodule Findings on NSCLC Mortality.

Introduction: Despite the reduction in mortality by low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening, the uptake is still low. Patients undergo chest imaging for several other medical reasons, and this is a unique opportunity to detect lung nodules.

Methods: In a cohort of patients with NSCLC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare-linked data, tumor size at previous imaging was calculated as follows: volume doubling time = [(T-T)·ln2]/ln(V/V), solving for the diameter of V.

Artificial intelligence applied to coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC) significantly improves cardiovascular events prediction.

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain valuable information beyond the Agatston Score which is currently reported for predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) only. We examined whether new artificial intelligence (AI) applied to CAC scans can predict non-CHD events, including heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke. We applied AI-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry and calcified plaque characterization to CAC scans (AI-CAC) of 5830 asymptomatic individuals (52.

Impact on Prognosis of Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Secondary to Delays in Diagnostic Workup.

Background Diagnostic workup of small pulmonary nodules often requires follow-up CT scans to confirm nodule growth before invasive diagnostics or treatment. Purpose To confirm prior results from the International Early Lung Cancer Action Program (I-ELCAP) on quantifying decreases in lung cancer prognosis by using two large databases, the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC). Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, a model was developed to predict cure rates based on size of solid nodules using the NLST (August 2002 to summer 2007) and IASLC (January 2011 to December 2019) databases, focusing on stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

The American Cancer Society National Lung Cancer Roundtable strategic plan: Lung cancer in women.

Lung cancer in women is a modern epidemic and represents a global health crisis. Cigarette smoking remains the most important risk factor for lung cancer in all patients and, among women globally, rates of smoking continue to increase. Although some data exist supporting sex-based differences across the continuum of lung cancer, there is currently a dearth of research exploring the differences in risk, biology, and treatment outcomes in women.

The American Cancer Society National Lung Cancer Roundtable strategic plan: Implementation of high-quality lung cancer screening.

More than a decade has passed since researchers in the Early Lung Cancer Action Project and the National Lung Screening Trial demonstrated the ability to save lives of high-risk individuals from lung cancer through regular screening by low dose computed tomography scan. The emergence of the most recent findings in the Dutch-Belgian lung-cancer screening trial (Nederlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings Onderzoek [NELSON]) further strengthens and expands on this evidence. These studies demonstrate the benefit of integrating lung cancer screening into clinical practice, yet lung cancer continues to lead cancer mortality rates in the United States.

Assessing Bronchiectasis Progression in Low-dose Screening for Lung Cancer: Frequency and Predictors.

Purpose: Bronchiectasis is associated with loss of lung function, substantial use of health care resources, and increased morbidity and mortality in people with cardiopulmonary diseases. We assessed the frequency of progression or new development of bronchiectasis and predictors of progression in participants in low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening programs.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed our prospectively enrolled screening cohort in the Early Lung and Cardiac Action Program cohort of smokers, aged 40 to 90, between 2010 and 2019, and medical records to assess the progression of bronchiectasis after five or more years of follow-up after baseline low-dose CT.

From the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Early Detection and Screening Committee: Terminology Issues in Screening and Early Detection of Lung Cancer-International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Early Detection and Screening Committee Expert Group Recommendations.

Introduction: To facilitate global implementation of lung cancer (LC) screening and early detection in a quality assured and consistent manner, common terminology is needed. Researchers and clinicians within different specialties may use the same terms but with different meanings or different terms for the same intended meanings.

Methods: The Diagnostics Working Group of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Early Detection and Screening Committee has analyzed and discussed relevant terms used on a regular basis and suggests recommendations for consensus definitions of terminology applicable in this setting.

Assessing the impact of nodule features and software algorithm on pulmonary nodule measurement uncertainty for nodules sized 20 mm or less.

Background: Measurements are not exact, so that if a measurement is repeated, one would get a different value each time. The spread of these values is the measurement uncertainty. Understanding measurement uncertainty of pulmonary nodules is important for proper interpretation of size and growth measurements.

Timeliness of surgery for early-stage lung cancer: Patient factors and predictors.

Objectives: Time-to-treatment initiation is an important consideration for patients undergoing thoracic surgery for early-stage lung cancer because delays have the potential to adversely affect outcomes. This study seeks to quantify time-to-treatment initiation for patients with clinical stage I lung cancer, explore patient factors and predictors that lead to an increased time-to-treatment initiation, and compare surgeon perception of appropriate time-to-treatment initiation to the results.

Methods: Time-to-treatment initiation was determined for patients enrolled in the Mount Sinai Initiative for Early Lung Cancer Research on Treatment study who underwent surgical resection for clinical stage I lung cancer between March 2016 and December 2021.

AI-enabled Cardiac Chambers Volumetry and Calcified Plaque Characterization in Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Scans (AI-CAC) Significantly Improves on Agatston CAC Score for Predicting All Cardiovascular Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain valuable information beyond the Agatston Score which is currently reported for predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) only. We examined whether new artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms applied to CAC scans may provide significant improvement in prediction of all cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in addition to CHD, including heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and all CVD-related deaths.

Methods: We applied AI-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry and automated calcified plaque characterization to CAC scans (AI-CAC) of 5830 individuals (52.

The 2023 American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) Expert Consensus Document: Management of subsolid lung nodules.

Objective: Lung cancers that present as radiographic subsolid nodules represent a subtype with distinct biological behavior and outcomes. The objective of this document is to review the existing literature and report consensus among a group of multidisciplinary experts, providing specific recommendations for the clinical management of subsolid nodules.

Methods: The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Clinical Practice Standards Committee assembled an international, multidisciplinary expert panel composed of radiologists, pulmonologists, and thoracic surgeons with established expertise in the management of subsolid nodules.

Thyroid abnormalities identified on CT screening for lung cancer.

Purpose: Because incidental thyroid nodules (ITNs) are common extrapulmonary findings in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans for lung cancer screening, we aimed to investigate the frequency of ITNs on LDCT scans separately on baseline and annual repeat scans, the frequency of malignancy among the ITNs, and any association with demographic, clinical, CT characteristics.

Methods: Retrospective case series of all 2309 participants having baseline and annual repeat screening in an Early Lung and Cardiac Action Program (MS-ELCAP) LDCT lung screening program from January 2010 to December 2016 was performed. Frequency of ITNs in baseline and annual repeat rounds were determined.

AI-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC) predicts heart failure and outperforms NT-proBNP: The multi-ethnic study of Atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain useful information beyond the Agatston CAC score that is not currently reported. We recently reported that artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in CAC scans (AI-CAC™) predicted incident atrial fibrillation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). In this study, we investigated the performance of AI-CAC cardiac chambers for prediction of incident heart failure (HF).

AI-enabled left atrial volumetry in coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC) predicts atrial fibrillation as early as one year, improves CHARGE-AF, and outperforms NT-proBNP: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.

Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain actionable information beyond CAC scores that is not currently reported.

Methods: We have applied artificial intelligence-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry to CAC scans (AI-CAC) to 5535 asymptomatic individuals (52.2% women, ages 45-84) that were previously obtained for CAC scoring in the baseline examination (2000-2002) of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Visual scoring of osteoporosis on low-dose CT in lung cancer screening population.

Objectives: The risk factors for lung cancer screening eligibility, age as well as smoking history, are also present for osteoporosis. This study aims to develop a visual scoring system to identify osteoporosis that can be applied to low-dose CT scans obtained for lung cancer screening.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1000 prospectively enrolled participants in the lung cancer screening program at the Mount Sinai Hospital.

Longitudinal quality of life after sublobar resection and stereotactic body radiation therapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Many patients with early-stage lung cancer are not candidates for lobectomy because of various factors, with treatment options including sublobar resection or stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Limited information exists regarding patient-centered outcomes after these treatments.

Methods: Subjects with stage I-IIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at high risk for lobectomy who underwent treatment with sublobar resection or SBRT were recruited from five medical centers.

Change in quality of life of stage IA non-small cell lung cancer after surgery or radiation therapy.

Background: Few studies have examined the differential impact of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and surgery for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on quality of life (QoL) during the first post-treatment year.

Methods: A prospective cohort of stage IA NSCLC patients undergoing surgery or SBRT at Mount Sinai Health System had QoL measured before treatment, and 2, 6, and 12 months post-treatment using: 12-item Short Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-12) [physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS)], Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Cancer Subscale (FACT-LCS), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) measuring depression and anxiety. Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS) was fitted to identify the best interval knot for the change in the QoL trends post-treatment, adjusted piecewise linear mixed effects model was developed to estimate differences in baseline, 2- and 12-month scores, and rates of change.

AI-enabled Left Atrial Volumetry in Cardiac CT Scans Improves CHARGE-AF and Outperforms NT-ProBNP for Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation in Asymptomatic Individuals: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain actionable information beyond CAC scores that is not currently reported.

Methods: We have applied artificial intelligence-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry to CAC scans (AI-CAC), taking on average 21 seconds per CAC scan, to 5535 asymptomatic individuals (52.2% women, ages 45-84) that were previously obtained for CAC scoring in the baseline examination (2000-2002) of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

CT Predictors of Visceral Pleural Invasion in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers 30 mm or Smaller.

Background CT-defined visceral pleural invasion (VPI) is an important indicator of prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is a lack of studies focused on small subpleural NSCLCs (≤30 mm). Purpose To identify CT features predictive of VPI in patients with subpleural NSCLCs 30 mm or smaller.