Oroantral fistula from bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Bisphosphonates like alendronic acid, disodium etidronate, and risedronate are effective for preventing postmenopausal and corticosteroid induced osteoporosis. They are also useful in the treatment of Paget's disease, hypercalcaemia of malignancy and in bony metastases. However osteonecrosis of the jaw has been reported following intravenous bisphosphonate use and rarely in those taking them orally.

Assessing outcome in aesthetic rhinoplasty.

In the measurement of outcome, rhinoplasty surgery suffers from the lack of easily calculable data such as recurrence rates or survival figures, which are inherent in other branches of the speciality and surgical practice in general. We have reviewed methods utilized for the assessment of outcome following aesthetic rhinoplasty, and have developed an instrument by which a pre- and postoperative assessment of nasal and facial appearance can be made from standard frontal, lateral, basal and oblique photographs, the Rhinoplasty Assessment Scale (Photographic) (RASP). It is our intention that this will act as a template for methodical and standardized photographic assessment of the nose prior to rhinoplasty.