Presentation and Outcomes of Childhood Cancer Patients at Uganda Cancer Institute.

. Limited data suggest that children with cancer in sub-Saharan Africa have poor survival. We aimed to describe the presentation, treatment outcomes, and factors associated with survival among children with cancer managed at Uganda Cancer Institute.

Esophageal cancer male to female incidence ratios in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of geographic, time and age trends.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains the predominant histological subtype of esophageal cancer (EC) in many transitioning countries, with an enigmatic and geographically distinct etiology, and consistently elevated incidence rates in many Eastern and Southern African countries. To gain epidemiological insights into ESCC patterns across the continent, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of male-to-female (M:F) sex ratios of EC age-standardised (world) incidence rates in Africa according to geography, time and age at diagnosis. Data from 197 populations in 36 countries were included in the analysis, based on data from cancer registries included in IARC's Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Cancer in Africa and Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa reports, alongside a systematic search of peer-reviewed literature.

A Population-Level Evaluation of the Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy on Cancer Incidence in Kyadondo County, Uganda, 1999-2008.

Background: The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the United States and Europe has led to changes in the incidence of cancers among HIV-infected persons, including dramatic decreases in Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and increases in Hodgkin lymphoma, liver, and anogenital malignancies. We sought to evaluate whether increasing availability of ART is associated with changing cancer incidence in Uganda.

Methods: Incident cases of 10 malignancies were identified from Kampala Cancer Registry from 1999 to 2008.

The incidence of oesophageal cancer in Eastern Africa: identification of a new geographic hot spot?

The incidence of oesophageal cancer (OC) varies geographically, with more than 80% of cases and deaths worldwide occurring in developing countries. The aim of this study is to characterize the disease burden of OC in four urban populations in Eastern Africa, which may represent a previously undescribed high-incidence area. Data on all cases of OC diagnosed between 2004 and 2008 were obtained from four population-based cancer registries in: Blantyre, Malawi; Harare, Zimbabwe; Kampala, Uganda; and Nairobi, Kenya.

Trends in the incidence of cancer in Kampala, Uganda 1991-2010.

The Kampala cancer registry is the longest established in Africa. Trends in incidence rates for a 20-year period (1991-2010) for Kyadondo County (Kampala city and a rural hinterland) illustrate the effects of changing lifestyles in urban Africa, and the effects of the epidemic of HIV-AIDS. There has been an overall increase in the risk of cancer during the period in both sexes, with incidence rates of major cancers such as breast and prostate showing particularly marked increases (3.

Mind the gaps: a qualitative study of perceptions of healthcare professionals on challenges and proposed remedies for cervical cancer help-seeking in post conflict northern Uganda.

Background: There are limited data on perceptions of health professionals on challenges faced by cervical cancer patients seeking healthcare in the developing countries. We explored the views of operational level health professionals on perceived barriers to cervical screening and early help-seeking for symptomatic cervical cancer and the proposed remedies to the challenges.

Methods: Fifteen key informant interviews were held with health professionals including medical directors, gynecologists, medical officers, nurses and midwives in the gynecology and obstetrics departments of two hospitals in northern Uganda during August 2012 to April 2013.

Clinical oncology in resource-limited settings.

Infectious Agents and Cancer is introducing a new section of Clinical Oncology with the main objective of stimulating debate through articles published in the section. Infectious diseases have been the major causes of morbidity and mortality in human populations, and have dominated the medical approach to clinical and public health. Successful efforts to control mortality from acute infections have paved the way for chronic, mostly indolent, infections to become major causes of morbidity.

Kaposi sarcoma trends in Uganda and Zimbabwe: a sustained decline in incidence?

Trends in Kaposi sarcoma (KS) incidence over four decades were described for Zimbabwe and Uganda. KS data were retrieved from the population-based cancer registries of Bulawayo (1963-1971) and Harare (1990-2005), Zimbabwe and Kyadondo, Uganda (1960-1971 and 1991-2007). Joinpoint regression models were used to analyze time trends of KS incidence.

Pyomyositis in Nodding Syndrome (NS) patient--a case report.

We report a case of Pyomyositis in a 13-year-old boy diagnosed using WHO surveillance definition of Probable Nodding syndrome. Complete blood count showed Leukocytosis with immature granulocytes and atypical lymphocytes. Except for the liver enzymes which were high the renal functions and serum electrolytes were within normal range values.

Changing cancer incidence in Kampala, Uganda, 1991-2006.

Incidence rates of different cancers have been calculated for the population of Kyadondo County (Kampala, Uganda) for a 16-year period (1991-2006). This period coincides with continuing social and lifestyle changes and the peak and subsequent wane of the epidemic of HIV-AIDS. There has been an overall increase in the risk of cancer during the period in both sexes, with the incidence rates of cancers of the breast and prostate showing particularly marked increases (4.

Association between invasive cancer of the cervix and HIV-1 infection in Tanzania: the need for dual screening.

Background: Cancer of the cervix is the second commonest malignancy in females worldwide and is the leading malignancy among women in Tanzania. Cancer of the cervix has been strongly associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) which is a sexually transmitted disease. However, the role of HIV-1 in the aetiology of cancer of the cervix is less clear.