Experimental and modelling evaluations of sulfide formation in a mega-sized deep tunnel sewer system and implications for sewer management.

Mega-sized deep tunnel sewer systems are indispensable infrastructures to convey the sewage and/or stormwater to the centralized sewage treatment works in large cities with dense populations and limited land. The rapid urbanization in China and other countries is boosting the construction of the deep tunnel sewer systems. However, the formation of sulfide, which induces serious odor nuisance and sewer corrosion, has not been investigated in such sewer systems.