CRISPR-based epigenetic editing of Gad1 improves synaptic inhibition and cognitive behavior in a Tauopathy mouse model.

GABAergic signaling in the brain plays a key role in regulating synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and cognitive processes. Large-scale sequencing has revealed the diminished expression of GABA-related genes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), however, it is largely unclear about the epigenetic mechanisms that dysregulate the transcription of these genes in AD. We confirmed that GABA synthesizing enzymes, GAD1 and GAD2, were significantly downregulated in prefrontal cortex (PFC) of AD human postmortem tissues.

MuscleMap: An Open-Source, Community-Supported Consortium for Whole-Body Quantitative MRI of Muscle.

Disorders affecting the neurological and musculoskeletal systems represent international health priorities. A significant impediment to progress in trials of new therapies is the absence of responsive, objective, and valid outcome measures sensitive to early disease changes. A key finding in individuals with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders is the compositional changes to muscles, evinced by the expression of fatty infiltrates.

Clinical Features Associated With Return to Pre-endophthalmitis Visual Acuity Following Presumed Infectious Endophthalmitis.

Background And Objective: This study aimed to investigate clinical characteristics associated with return to pre-endophthalmitis visual acuity (VA) following treatment for presumed infectious endophthalmitis.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study of 74 eyes with endophthalmitis and VA recorded ≤ 12 weeks before presentation and 6 months after presentation between 2009 and 2018.

Results: Thirty-six of 74 eyes (49%) returned to preendophthalmitis VA.

Presenting Characteristics, Treatment, and Visual Outcomes in Streptococcal Compared to Non-Streptococcal Endophthalmitis.

Purpose: Report the clinical findings, risk factors, treatment, and visual outcomes associated with  endophthalmitis in comparison to culture-positive endophthalmitis associated with non- species.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of adults between 18 and 89 years of age diagnosed with exogenous culture-positive endophthalmitis between January 1, 2009, and January 1, 2018, at the Duke Eye Center (Durham, North Carolina) with at least six months of follow-up from time of initial diagnosis was conducted. Clinical data including patient demographics, ocular history, baseline corrected visual acuity (VA) prior to presentation, time to presentation, presenting exam findings, VA at presentation, presumed etiology of endophthalmitis, medical and surgical management, and VA at the six-month follow-up was extracted and statistically analyzed.

Telomeres and aging: on and off the planet!

Improving human healthspan in our rapidly aging population has never been more imperative. Telomeres, protective "caps" at the ends of linear chromosomes, are essential for maintaining genome stability of eukaryotic genomes. Due to their physical location and the "end-replication problem" first envisioned by Dr.

Reduced Incidence of Intravitreal Injection-Related Endophthalmitis With Prefilled Syringes.

To evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of intravitreal injection-related endophthalmitis cases with antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications manufactured as prefilled syringes or non-prefilled preparations. This retrospective chart review comprised eyes that received intravitreal anti-VEGF at a single-specialty retina practice from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019. Eyes diagnosed with injection-related endophthalmitis were identified.

Anisotropic Properties of Epitaxial Ferroelectric Lead-Free 0.5[Ba(TiZr)O]-0.5(BaCa)TiO Films.

As the energy demand is expected to double over the next 30 years, there has been a major initiative towards advancing the technology of both energy harvesting and storage for renewable energy. In this work, we explore a subset class of dielectrics for energy storage since ferroelectrics offer a unique combination of characteristics needed for energy storage devices. We investigate ferroelectric lead-free 0.

IMPLICATIONS OF COMPLETE POSTERIOR VITREOUS DETACHMENT IN EYES WITH CENTRAL RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION.

Background/purpose: To evaluate the status of the posterior vitreous hyaloid on presenting optical coherence tomography images of the macula and its relationship to clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes in eyes with central retinal vein occlusion.

Methods: This is a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of consecutive patients with acute, treatment-naive central retinal vein occlusion diagnosed between 2009 and 2021 who had at least 12 months of follow-up. Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes were analyzed between eyes stratified based on the presence or absence of a complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) on optical coherence tomography at presentation.

PSEUDOMONAS ENDOPHTHALMITIS AFTER 0.59 MG FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE SURGICAL IMPLANT IN A PATIENT WITH A LONG-STANDING CRAWFORD TUBE.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report a case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis after surgical 0.59 mg fluocinolone acetonide implant in a patient with a long-standing Crawford tube.

Methods: This was a retrospective case review.

NOVEL METHOD FOR VISUALIZING PERIPHERAL RETINAL STRUCTURES WITH MICROSCOPE-INTEGRATED OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY.

Background/purpose: Visualization of peripheral retinal structures with optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be challenging but can offer valuable clinical information. We describe a method for intraoperative OCT of the peripheral retina.

Methods: An investigational microscope-integrated OCT system with real-time 4D volumetric imaging was used in conjunction with a Goldmann style mirrored contact lens intraoperatively to capture peripheral images in three patients.

Superconducting niobium nitride: a perspective from processing, microstructure, and superconducting property for single photon detectors.

Superconducting niobium nitride (NbN) continues to be investigated decades on, largely in part to its advantageous superconducting properties and wide use in superconducting electronics. Particularly, NbN-based superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have shown exceptional performance and NbN remains as the material of choice in developing future generation quantum devices. In this perspective, we describe the processing-structure-property relationships governing the superconducting properties of NbN films.

Management Patterns and Outcomes for Intravitreal Injection-Related Endophthalmitis.

Purpose: This work describes the clinical management and outcomes in cases of presumed infectious endophthalmitis following intravitreal injection at a tertiary academic medical center.

Methods: A retrospective review took place of eyes that presented to the Duke Eye Center over a 9-year period and were diagnosed with intravitreal injection-related endophthalmitis. Clinical presentation, management, microbiologic yield, visual outcomes, and complications were abstracted from medical records.

Endogenous Endophthalmitis in a Person Addicted to Intravenous Drugs Presenting as an Intraretinal Peripapillary Granuloma With Tractional Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: To report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis in a 28-year-old man with recent intravenous drug use that presented as an intraretinal peripapillary granuloma extending from the optic nerve head with an associated macular tractional retinal detachment.

Methods: Case report.

Results: Anterior chamber tap yielded aqueous cultures positive for .

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in the Setting of Endophthalmitis: Risk Factors and Visual Outcomes.

Background And Objective: To investigate risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and visual acuity (VA) in eyes with RRD after developing endophthalmitis.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective comparative study of 133 eyes with endophthalmitis at a tertiary center between 2009 and 2018. Demographics, exam findings, interventions, and outcomes were assessed.

Initial Presentation of Cutibacterium (Formerly Propionibacterium) acnes Endophthalmitis Twenty-One Years After Cataract Surgery.

The authors report a case of an 81-year-old female who presented with sudden onset of light perception vision and intraocular inflammation. After several months of continuing symptoms despite antibiotics, an aqueous tap culture grew Cutibacterium acnes. The patient had cataract surgery 21 years prior, and had no intervening trauma, intraocular procedure, or endogenous source.

Management Patterns and Visual Outcomes of Endophthalmitis After Glaucoma Drainage Device Placement: A Case Series.

Purpose: To describe clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of eyes with endophthalmitis related to glaucoma drainage device (GDD) placement.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with GDD-related endophthalmitis at Duke Eye Center from 2009 to 2018.

Results: Six eyes of 6 patients had endophthalmitis related to a GDD (2 Ahmed, 4 Baerveldt).

Endophthalmitis After Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty: Microbiological Yield and Visual Outcomes.

Purpose: To describe the clinical presentation, management, and visual outcomes of 6 eyes with endophthalmitis after Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: Setting: Tertiary, academic eye center.

Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Bleb-Related Endophthalmitis: A 9-Year Analysis at a Tertiary Eye Center.

Purpose: Clinical presentation, treatment choices, and outcomes in cases of bleb-related endophthalmitis (BRE) at a tertiary care center over a 9-year period are described.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients diagnosed with BRE at Duke Eye Center (Durham, North Carolina) from January 1, 2009 to January 1, 2018, with at least 6 months of follow-up, assessing demographic data, initial management, and visual acuity (VA).

Results: Twenty eyes of 20 patients with BRE were identified.

Ocular Toxocariasis Presenting as Endophthalmitis in a Young Adult Intravenous Drug User.

Purpose: This report describes the diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis presenting as endophthalmitis in an adult intravenous drug user.

Methods: A case is reported.

Results: Fundus imaging showed numerous white opacities obscuring the macula.

Time to Presentation after Symptom Onset in Endophthalmitis: Clinical Features and Visual Outcomes.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of time from symptom onset to presentation on the clinical course and outcomes of eyes with endophthalmitis.

Design: Retrospective, longitudinal cohort study.

Participants: One hundred thirty-three eyes of 130 patients with endophthalmitis.

Clinical Decision Making and Visual Outcomes in Endophthalmitis Treated with Systemic Corticosteroids.

Purpose: To characterize practice patterns and compare visual outcomes in patients with endophthalmitis who did or did not receive systemic corticosteroid therapy.

Design: Retrospective, nonrandomized comparative trial.

Participants: Eyes diagnosed with endophthalmitis at the Duke Eye Center between January 1, 2009, and January 1, 2018, with at least 6 months of follow-up from the time of initial diagnosis.

A Nine-Year Analysis of Practice Patterns, Microbiologic Yield, and Clinical Outcomes in Cases of Presumed Infectious Endophthalmitis.

Purpose: To analyze practice patterns, microbiologic yield, and clinical outcomes in cases of presumed infectious endophthalmitis at a single tertiary academic referral center.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Participants: Eyes diagnosed with endophthalmitis at the Duke Eye Center between January 1, 2009, and January 1, 2018, that underwent aqueous tap, needle vitreous tap, or mechanical vitreous biopsy with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in conjunction with intravitreal antimicrobials.

Quiescent Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration After Endophthalmitis.

Purpose: This article describes eyes that achieved extended remission of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD) following acute endophthalmitis.

Methods: Adults who presented to the Duke Eye Center with acute endophthalmitis over a 9-year period and had at least 3 months of follow-up were identified. A retrospective review of medical records was performed to collect clinical data including demographic information, examination findings, etiology, treatment, and outcomes.