Deep forecasting of translational impact in medical research.

The value of biomedical research-a $1.7 trillion annual investment-is ultimately determined by its downstream, real-world impact, whose predictability from simple citation metrics remains unquantified. Here we sought to determine the comparative predictability of future real-world translation-as indexed by inclusion in patents, guidelines, or policy documents-from complex models of title/abstract-level content versus citations and metadata alone.

Subcutaneous lidocaine delivered by jet-injector for pain control before IV catheterization in the ED: the patients' perception and preference.

To evaluate patients' perceptions and preferences concerning pain control during intravenous (IV) catheterization, a sample of 50 adult patients received subcutaneous lidocaine (0.2 mL 1%) by jet injector, or no anesthetic with a sham injection before IV catheterization. Visual analog scale (VAS), pain intensity score (PIS), and adverse reactions were recorded.