Translation and cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of two brief screening tools for at-risk psychosis youth: the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) and the PRIME-Screen.

Introduction: Prodromal characteristics of psychosis have been described for more than a century. Over the last three decades, a variety of studies have proposed methods to prospectively identify individuals (and youth in particular) who are at high risk of developing a psychotic disorder. These studies have validated various screening instruments and made them available in several languages.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Background: Given the limited therapeutic options for Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), we conducted an open-label clinical trial to evaluate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for hyperphagia, food craving, and aberrant behaviors on this population.

Methods: Twelve subjects with PWS (11-35 years old) were included. The subjects underwent 10 daily 20-minute sessions of tDCS in 2 weeks.

No Sex Difference in Mental Fatigue Effect on High-Level Runners' Aerobic Performance.

Purpose: Some evidence suggests that sedentary women may be more vulnerable to cognitive task-induced mental fatigue. Mental fatigue, in turn, may worse aerobic exercise performance, presumably via increased perceived effort. However, it remains unclear whether acute mental fatigue induction increases perceived effort and worsens endurance performance in high-level professional athletes and whether such effects are influenced by sex.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in elderly with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot study.

Unlabelled: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive, painless and easy-to use-technology. It can be used in depression, schizophrenia and other neurological disorders. There are no studies about longer usage protocols regarding the ideal duration and weekly frequency of tDCS.

Neural Correlates of Preference: A Transmodal Validation Study.

Liking is one of the most important psychological processes associated with the reward system, being involved in affective processing and pleasure/displeasure encoding. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the combination of physiological indicators which best predict liking, especially when applied to dynamic stimuli such as videos. There is a lack of a standard methodology to assess likeability over time and therefore in assessing narrative and semantic aspects of the stimulus.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Effects on Athletes' Cognitive Performance: An Exploratory Proof of Concept Trial.

Among the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games' unforgettable moments, one could not overlook performances by Phelps and Bolt, which challenge old premises about the maximum extension of individual supremacism in ultracompetitive modalities and the doping scandals. Different media channels resonated these two trends, with an unseen rise on discussions about traits and practices that may set ultrahigh performance athletes apart from the more ordinary ones. Yet, some key issues remain undebated.

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the prefrontal cortex combined with cognitive training for treating schizophrenia: a sham-controlled randomized clinical trial.

Introduction:: We report a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) protocol over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) combined with cognitive training in schizophrenia.

Method:: We assessed psychotic symptoms in nine patients using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). All evaluations were scored at baseline, at the end of the intervention protocol, and during a 4-week follow-up.

Neuropsychological correlates of remission in chronic schizophrenia subjects: The role of general and task-specific executive processes.

Background: Although cognitive deficits have consistently been characterized as core features of schizophrenia, they have not been incorporated into definitions of remission. Furthermore, just a few studies have examined the relationship between cognitive deficits and symptomatic remission. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the executive functioning of nonremitted schizophrenia patients.