Vitamin D deficiency in an inpatient forensic intellectual disability service.

No research has examined vitamin D deficiency among inpatients within forensic intellectual disability services, despite their potentially increased risk. Tests of serum 25(OHD) concentration in blood are routinely offered to patients within the service as part of the admission and annual physical health check. Results were classified as deficient <25, insufficient <50, sufficient 50-75 or optimal >75.

Glaucoma with Descemet's membrane detachment in five horses.

Purpose: To describe the clinical and histopathologic features of glaucoma associated with Descemet's membrane (DM) detachment in five horses without prior history of intraocular surgery.

Animals Studied: Three Appaloosa horses and two Thoroughbreds were included in this study. The affected horses ranged in age from 16 to 27 years and presented with severe diffuse corneal edema.

Synovitis assessed on static and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and its association with pain in knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate the association between pain and peripatellar-synovitis on static and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: In a cross-sectional setting, knee synovitis was assessed using 3-Tesla MRI and correlated with pain using the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS). Synovitis was assessed in the peripatellar recesses with: (i) dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI, using both pharmacokinetic and heuristic models, (ii) contrast-enhanced (CE)-MRI, and (iii) non-CE-MRI.

Physiotherapy for pain: a meta-epidemiological study of randomised trials.

Objectives: To empirically assess the clinical effects of physiotherapy on pain in adults.

Design: Using meta-epidemiology, we report on the effects of a 'physiotherapy' intervention on self-reported pain in adults. For each trial, the group difference in the outcome 'pain intensity' was assessed as standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% CIs.

Compact, CO-stabilized tuneable laser at 2.05 microns.

We demonstrate a compact fibre-based laser system at 2.05 microns stabilized to a CO transition using frequency modulation spectroscopy of a gas-filled hollow-core fibre. The laser exhibits an absolute frequency accuracy of 5 MHz, a frequency stability noise floor of better than 7 kHz or 5 × 10 and is tunable within ±200 MHz from the molecular resonance frequency while retaining roughly this stability and accuracy.

Intra-Articular Corticosteroids in Addition to Exercise for Reducing Pain Sensitivity in Knee Osteoarthritis: Exploratory Outcome from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess the effects of one intra-articular corticosteroid injection two weeks prior to an exercise-based intervention program for reducing pain sensitivity in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Design: Randomized, masked, parallel, placebo-controlled trial involving 100 participants with clinical and radiographic knee OA that were randomized to one intra-articular injection on the knee with either 1 ml of 40 mg/ml methylprednisolone (corticosteroid) dissolved in 4 ml lidocaine (10 mg/ml) or 1 ml isotonic saline (placebo) mixed with 4 ml lidocaine (10 mg/ml). Two weeks after the injections all participants undertook a 12-week supervised exercise program.

Association of Physical Fitness with Depression in Women with Fibromyalgia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between physical fitness and depressive symptoms in women with fibromyalgia (FM). We also assessed whether different fitness components present independent relationships with depressive symptoms.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Changes in ultrasound assessed markers of inflammation following intra-articular steroid injection combined with exercise in knee osteoarthritis: exploratory outcome from a randomized trial.

Objective: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a multifactorial joint disease affecting many people worldwide. Recommended treatments for KOA include exercise and steroid injections, or a combination of these. The objective of this exploratory outcome analysis of a randomized trial was to assess changes in inflammation markers assessed by ultrasound imaging (US) in KOA secondary to intra-articular corticosteroid injection given prior to exercise therapy.

Mortality and Causes of Death in Ulcerative Colitis: Results from 20 Years of Follow-up in the IBSEN Study.

Background: The best way to obtain knowledge about the natural history, including mortality, of ulcerative colitis (UC) is to conduct a longitudinal, population-based, prospective study. The aims of this study were to calculate the mortality rates and causes of death in patients with UC.

Methods: A prospective, population-based, longitudinal cohort study was conducted in South-Eastern Norway.

Self-Disorders, Neurocognition and Rationality in Schizophrenia: A Preliminary Study.

Background/aims: Although the very idea that the generative disorder in schizophrenia is a disturbance of the self is as old as the schizophrenia concept itself, empirical studies have only recently emerged, documenting that anomalous self-experiences (i.e. self-disorders, SDs) aggregate in schizophrenia spectrum disorders but not in other mental disorders.

Preconceptions influence women's perceptions of information on breast cancer screening: a qualitative study.

Background: Screening for breast cancer has been subject to intense debate in recent decades regarding benefits and risks. Participation in breast cancer screening should be based on informed choice, and most countries approach this by sending information leaflets with invitations to attend screening. However, very little attention has been paid to the decision-making process and how the information leaflets are used and understood by women.

Gait variability and motor control in people with knee osteoarthritis.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease that impairs walking ability and function. We compared the temporal gait variability and motor control in people with knee OA with healthy controls. The purpose was to test the hypothesis that the temporal gait variability would reflect a more stereotypic pattern in people with knee OA compared with healthy age-matched subjects.

Improved gait in persons with knee related mobility limitations by a rosehip food supplement: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a specialized rosehip powder nutraceutical on the biomechanical function of the knee joint during walking in individuals with knee-related walking limitations.

Methods: Randomized, participant and outcome assessor blinded trial. Participants with self-reported knee-related walking limitations were randomized (1:1) to receive three capsules/day of either rosehip powder or identically appearing placebo capsules for 12 weeks.

Collectin CL-LK Is a Novel Soluble Pattern Recognition Receptor for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Understanding the molecular components of immune recognition of the tuberculosis (TB) bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, can help designing novel strategies to combat TB. Here, we identify collectin CL-LK as a novel soluble C-type lectin able to bind M. tuberculosis, and characterize mycobacterial mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan as a primary ligand for CL-LK.

Associations between muscle perfusion and symptoms in knee osteoarthritis: a cross sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the association between muscle perfusion in the peri-articular knee muscles assessed by dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and symptoms in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Design: In a cross-sectional setting, muscle perfusion was quantified by DCE-MRI in KOA. Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn around the peri-articular muscles, summed and averaged into one single "Total Muscle Volume" volume of interest (VOI).

Association of different levels of depressive symptoms with symptomatology, overall disease severity, and quality of life in women with fibromyalgia.

Purpose: This study examined the associations of different levels of depression with pain, sleep quality, fatigue, functional exercise capacity, overall fibromyalgia (FM) severity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with FM.

Methods: A total of 451 women with FM participated in this cross-sectional study. Depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory; BDI-II), pain intensity (numerical rating scale; NRS), pain sensitivity (algometry), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory), functional exercise capacity (6-min walk test), FM severity (revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire), and HRQoL (SF-36) were assessed.

Dynamic weight-bearing assessment of pain in knee osteoarthritis: a reliability and agreement study.

Purpose: To evaluate the reliability, agreement and smallest detectable change in a measurement instrument for pain and function in knee osteoarthritis; the Dynamic weight-bearing Assessment of Pain (DAP).

Methods: The sample size was set to 20 persons, recruited from the outpatient osteoarthritis clinic at Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen. Two physiotherapists tested all participants during two visits; at the first visit, one single DAP (including four scores) was conducted by rater one; at the second visit, DAP was conducted by both raters one and two in randomized order with concealed allocation.

Local and Systemic Changes in Pain Sensitivity After 4 Weeks of Calf Muscle Stretching in a Nonpainful Population: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Stretching is often used in clinical practice for a variety of purposes, including pain therapy. The possible mechanism behind the effect of stretching remains to be clarified.

Aim: To investigate whether 4 weeks of unilateral stretching of the calf muscles would affect local and central pain sensitivity.

The concept of physical limitations in knee osteoarthritis: as viewed by patients and health professionals.

Objective: To comprehensively identify components of the physical limitation concept in knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to rate the clinical importance of these using perspectives of both patients and health professionals.

Design: Concept mapping, a structured group process, was used to identify and organize data in focus groups (patients) and via a global web-based survey (professionals). Ideas were elicited through a nominal group technique and then organized using multidimensional scaling, cluster analysis, participant validation, rating of clinical importance, and thematic analyses to generate a conceptual model of physical limitations in knee OA.

Association of Physical Fitness With Fibromyalgia Severity in Women: The al-Ándalus Project.

Objectives: To assess the association between physical fitness and fibromyalgia (FM) severity in women with FM as well as to assess whether different fitness components present an independent relation with FM severity.

Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.

Setting: University facilities and FM associations.

Effect of hydrogen peroxide and/or Flavobacterium psychrophilum on the gills of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum).

The immune response and morphological changes in the gills of rainbow trout fry after immersion in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Flavobacterium psychrophilum or combined exposure were examined. The gills were sampled 4, 48, 125 and 192 h after exposure, and the regulation of expression of the following genes was investigated using qPCR: IgT, IgM, CD8, CD4, MHC I, MHC II, IL-4/13A, TcR-β, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-17, SAA and FoxP3. Bacteria were not observed in haematoxylin-and-eosin-stained gill tissue, but the presence of F.

Evaluation of the benefit of corticosteroid injection before exercise therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most frequent form of arthritis and a cause of pain and disability. Combined nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments are recommended as the optimal treatment approach, but no evidence supports the recommendation.

Objective: To assess the clinical benefits of an intra-articular corticosteroid injection given before exercise therapy in patients with OA of the knee.

Genetic variation of COLEC10 and COLEC11 and association with serum levels of collectin liver 1 (CL-L1) and collectin kidney 1 (CL-K1).

Collectin liver 1 (CL-L1, alias CL-10) and collectin kidney 1 (CL-K1, alias CL-11), encoded by the COLEC10 and COLEC11 genes, respectively, are highly homologous soluble pattern recognition molecules in the lectin pathway of complement. These proteins may be involved in anti-microbial activity and in tissue development as mutations in COLEC11 are one of the causes of the developmental defect syndrome 3MC. We studied variations in COLEC10 and COLEC11, the impact on serum concentration and to what extent CL-L1 and CL-K1 serum concentrations are correlated.

Surfactant proteins A, B, C and D in the human nasal airway: associated with mucosal glands and ciliated epithelium but absent in fluid-phase secretions and mucus.

Aims: To investigate the presence of surfactant protein (SP) A, B, C and D in nasal airways and to determine whether the proteins exert their main functions in nasal secretions or in the deeper layers of the nasal mucosa.

Methods: Volunteers were recruited from the Department of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Denmark. The study included 39 subjects.