Muscularity-oriented attitudes and behaviors among college-aged women: The role of sexual orientation.

While sexual minority (SM) status has been associated with poorer body image and greater eating pathology among men, findings are inconsistent among women. The lack of focus on muscularity-oriented attitudes and behaviors among SM women may contribute to these mixed findings; thus, we examined these constructs within a large sample of SM and heterosexual women. Our sample included 1511 cisgender women (n= 1213 heterosexual, n= 298 SM).

WDR5 Binding to Histone Serotonylation Is Driven by an Edge-Face Aromatic Interaction with Unexpected Electrostatic Effects.

Histone serotonylation has emerged as a key post-translational modification. WDR5 preferentially binds to serotonylated histone 3 (H3), and this binding event has been associated with tumorigenesis. Herein, we utilize genetic code expansion, structure-activity relationship studies, and computation to study an edge-face aromatic interaction between WDR5 Phe149 and serotonin on H3 that is key to this protein-protein interaction.

Reproducibility and comparison of a digital food frequency questionnaire (DIGIKOST-FFQ) assessing adherence to national diet and lifestyle recommendations.

Background: We have developed a digital semi-quantitative food frequency and lifestyle questionnaire, the DIGIKOST-FFQ, based on the validated paper-based NORDIET-FFQ.

Objective: The study aims to investigate the reproducibility of the DIGIKOST-FFQ and to compare the DIGIKOST-FFQ against the NORDIET-FFQ for the adjusted questions for intakes of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, meat, and dairy products.

Design: Participants were recruited from May to September 2021 through a random sample from the National Population Register and advertisements on Facebook in Norway.

Trauma induced coagulopathy is limited to only one out of four shock induced endotheliopathy (SHINE) phenotypes among moderate-severely injured trauma patients: an exploratory analysis.

Background: Trauma induced coagulopathy remains to be an important cause of high transfusion requirements and mortality and shock induced endotheliopathy (SHINE) has been implicated.

Methods: European multicenter observational study of adult trauma patients with injury severity score ≥ 16 arriving within 2 h from injury to the trauma centers. Admission blood samples obtained were used for analysis of the SHINE biomarkers (syndecan-1, soluble thrombomodulin, adrenaline) and extensive analysis of coagulation, -and fibrinolytic factors together with collection of clinical data.

Off-label use of clomiphene citrate to treat anabolic androgenic steroid induced hypogonadism upon cessation among men (CloTASH) - A pilot study protocol.

Background: Non-prescribed anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) use is associated with AAS-induced hypogonadism (ASIH), and metabolic, cardiovascular, and mental health risks. Symptoms of ASIH (fatigue, depression, anxiety, sexual dysfunction) are hard to endure following cessation, but there is no consensus on whether endocrine treatment should be used to treat ASIH. This proof-of-concept study aims to explore safety of off-label clomiphene citrate therapy, whether the treatment will reduce the symptoms of androgen deficiency, and to study changes in health risks after cessation.

Plasma as endothelial rescue in septic shock: A randomized, phase 2a pilot trial.

Background: Septic shock is associated with high morbidity and mortality, the endothelium plays an important role. Crystalloids is standard of care to maintain intravascular volume. Plasma is associated with improved endothelial integrity and restoration of the glycocalyx layer.

Attenuation of DNA base oxidation in post-surgery colorectal stage III patients at subsequent follow-ups.

DNA damage caused by oxidative reactions plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). In a previous cross-sectional study, CRC patients diagnosed with regional disease (stage III) exhibited a higher level of DNA base oxidation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) 2-9 months post-surgery compared to those with localized disease (stage I-II). To further explore this observation over time, the present study aimed to investigate DNA base oxidation in CRC patients with localized versus regional disease 6 and 12 months after the initial measurements.

Digital Food Frequency Questionnaire Assessing Adherence to the Norwegian Food-Based Dietary Guidelines and Other National Lifestyle Recommendations: Instrument Validation Study.

Background: Valid assessment tools are needed when investigating adherence to national dietary and lifestyle guidelines.

Objective: The relative validity of the new digital food frequency questionnaire, the DIGIKOST-FFQ, against 7-day weighed food records and activity sensors was investigated.

Methods: In total, 77 participants were included in the validation study and completed the DIGIKOST-FFQ and the weighed food record, and of these, 56 (73%) also used the activity sensors.

Postpartum lifestyle behaviour among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus: evidence from the HUNT study.

Introduction: Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recommendations for postpartum follow-up include targeted lifestyle advice to lower the risk.The aim of this study was to compare postpartum lifestyle behaviours and perceptions among women with and without a history of GDM.

Effect of a personalized intensive dietary intervention on base excision repair (BER) in colorectal cancer patients: Results from a randomized controlled trial.

DNA repair is essential to maintain genomic integrity and may affect colorectal cancer (CRC) patients' risk of secondary cancers, treatment efficiency, and susceptibility to various comorbidities. Bioactive compounds identified in plant foods have the potential to modulate DNA repair mechanisms, but there is limited evidence of how dietary factors may affect DNA repair activity in CRC patients in remission after surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a 6-month personalized intensive dietary intervention on DNA repair activity in post-surgery CRC patients (stage I-III).

The choice of diagnostic modality influences the proportion of low muscle strength, low muscle mass, and sarcopenia in colorectal cancer patients.

Background And Aims: Low muscle strength, low muscle mass, and sarcopenia have a negative impact on health outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Different diagnostic modalities are used to identify these conditions but it is unknown how well the modalities agree. The aim of this study was to compare different diagnostic modalities by means of calculating the proportion of low muscle strength, low muscle mass, and sarcopenia in CRC patients, and to investigate the agreement for sarcopenia between the various modalities.

Treatment-seeking behavior and cardiovascular morbidity among men with anabolic-androgenic steroid use: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: To determine associations between anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use-related morbidity including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and engagement to health services.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 90 males with at least 12 months cumulative current or former use of AAS were included. The participants were divided into a treatment-seeking group (TSG) and a non-treatment seeking group (non-TSG) based on their responses to a self-report web questionnaire.

Trimethyllysine Reader Proteins Exhibit Widespread Charge-Agnostic Binding via Different Mechanisms to Cationic and Neutral Ligands.

In the last 40 years, cation-π interactions have become part of the lexicon of noncovalent forces that drive protein binding. Indeed, tetraalkylammoniums are universally bound by aromatic cages in proteins, suggesting that cation-π interactions are a privileged mechanism for binding these ligands. A prominent example is the recognition of histone trimethyllysine (Kme3) by the conserved aromatic cage of reader proteins, dictating gene expression.

LASSO regression shows histidine and sphingosine 1 phosphate are linked to both sepsis mortality and endothelial damage.

Sepsis is a major cause of death worldwide, with a mortality rate that has remained stubbornly high. The current gold standard of risk stratifying sepsis patients provides limited mechanistic insight for therapeutic targeting. An improved ability to predict sepsis mortality and to understand the risk factors would allow better treatment targeting.

DNA base oxidation in relation to TNM stages and chemotherapy treatment in colorectal cancer patients 2-9 months post-surgery.

Accumulation of DNA damage is a critical feature of genomic instability, which is a hallmark of various cancers. The enzyme-modified comet assay is a recognized method to detect specific DNA lesions at the level of individual cells. In this cross-sectional investigation, we explore possible links between clinicopathological and treatment related factors, nutritional status, physical activity and function, and DNA damage in a cohort of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with non-metastatic disease.

The feasibility of a multidimensional intervention in lymphoma survivors with chronic fatigue.

Purpose: Chronic fatigue (CF) affects 25-30% of lymphoma survivors, but interventions designed to reduce fatigue are lacking. The main aim of this study was to test the feasibility of a multidimensional intervention study in lymphoma survivors with CF. Secondary aims were to describe individual changes in fatigue, quality of life (QoL) and physical performance from pre (T0) to post (T1) intervention.

Stimulus-Induced Relief of Intentionally Incorporated Frustration Drives Refolding of a Water-Soluble Biomimetic Foldamer.

Frustrated, or nonoptimal, interactions have been proposed to be essential to a protein's ability to display responsive behavior such as allostery, conformational signaling, and signal transduction. However, the intentional incorporation of frustrated noncovalent interactions has not been explored as a design element in the field of dynamic foldamers. Here, we report the design, synthesis, characterization, and molecular dynamics simulations of the first dynamic water-soluble foldamer that, in response to a stimulus, exploits relief of frustration in its noncovalent network to structurally rearrange from a pleated to an intercalated columnar structure.

Prostacyclin in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: A main cause of trauma morbidity and mortality is multiple-organ failure, and endotheliopathy has been implicated. Pilot studies indicate that low-dose prostacyclin improves endothelial functionality in critically ill patients, suggesting that this intervention may improve trauma patient outcome.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, blinded, clinical investigator-initiated trial in 229 trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock who were randomized 1:1 to 72 hours infusion of the prostacyclin analog iloprost (1 ng/kg/min) or placebo.

Postpartum Lifestyle Behaviors among Women with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Data from the HUNT Study.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Clinical guidelines for postpartum follow-up after HDP often recommend lifestyle counseling to reduce this risk. However, knowledge about lifestyle behaviors and perceptions among women with a history of HDP is limited.

Development of the Norwegian diet index and the Norwegian lifestyle index and evaluation in a national survey.

Background: Dietary and lifestyle indices are composite tools that are used to estimate risk of health outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to develop a diet and a lifestyle index assessing adherence to the national guidelines in Norway, and to investigate adherence in a nationwide survey of healthy subjects (Norkost3).

Design: Cut-off values for the indices were based on the Norwegian food based dietary guidelines and national lifestyle guidelines.

Effect of a one-year personalized intensive dietary intervention on body composition in colorectal cancer patients: Results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background & Aims: Changes in body composition may affect colorectal cancer (CRC) patient's risk of cancer recurrence, secondary cancer, and other chronic diseases. The suggested interventions for changes in body composition such as low muscle mass or high fat mass, are diet and physical activity. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence of how dietary intervention alone can impact body composition.

Feasibility of a Postpartum Web- and Phone-Based Lifestyle Program for Women with a History of Preeclampsia or Gestational Diabetes: A Pilot Intervention Study.

Background: Women with a history of preeclampsia (PE) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Increased awareness of pregnancy complications as early warning signs for CVD has called for postpartum primordial prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a postpartum web- and phone-based lifestyle program promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors to women after a pregnancy complicated by PE or GDM.

Associations of the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations with stages of colorectal carcinogenesis.

Background: While adherence to cancer prevention recommendations is linked to lower risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), few have studied associations across the entire spectrum of colorectal carcinogenesis. Here, we studied the relationship of the standardized 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Score for cancer prevention recommendations with detection of colorectal lesions in a screening setting. As a secondary objective, we examined to what extent the recommendations were being followed in an external cohort of CRC patients.

How many days of continuous physical activity monitoring reliably represent time in different intensities in cancer survivors.

Background: Physical activity (PA) monitoring is applied in a growing number of studies within cancer research. However, no consensus exists on how many days PA should be monitored to obtain reliable estimates in the cancer population. The objective of the present study was to determine the minimum number of monitoring days required for reliable estimates of different PA intensities in cancer survivors when using a six-days protocol.