Sub-lethal effects of spinetoram application interacts with temperature in complex ways to influence respiratory metabolism, life history and macronutrient composition in false codling moth (Thaumatotibia leucotreta).

In many pests, insecticide efficacy is dependent on environmental conditions, including ambient temperature. However, it remains unknown if thermal history alters sub-lethal effects to potentially enhance or reduce pesticide resistance in the false codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta. Here, using FCM, a pest of economic importance in South Africa infesting several commercial food crops, we report results of sub-lethal exposure to spinetoram, an insecticide that disrupts the nervous system.