The Excised Appendix Tip-To Send or not to Send, That is the Question.

A 9-year-old boy, with previous anorectal malformation and neuropathic bladder and bowel, underwent ileocystoplasty, Monti-Mitrofanoff and appendix antegrade colonic enema procedure. The tip of the macroscopically normal appendix was sent for routine histopathology. Microscopy demonstrated a 5-mm well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor extending into muscularis propria.

Laparoscopic management of obstructed partial duplex with Y ureteric configuration.

An 11-year-old girl underwent a laparoscopic upper-to-lower moiety ureteropyelostomy for lower moiety pelviureteric junction obstruction associated with Y ureteric duplication. She presented with left flank pain and was noted to be hypertensive with microscopic haematuria on admission. An abdominal ultrasound scan revealed a duplex left kidney with gross lower moiety pelvicalyceal dilatation.

Priapism in children: a comprehensive review and clinical guideline.

Objective: We review the English literature between 1980 and 2013 and summarize the clinical classification, aetiology, physiology, and pathophysiology of paediatric priapism. We propose a clinical guideline for the management of priapism in children.

Patients: Male patients aged ≤ 18 years.

Priapism in teenage boys following depot testosterone.

Priapism is rare in children and may result in erectile dysfunction and sexual aversion behaviours. Testosterone therapy is commonly regarded as safe in children and is widely used in constitutional delay of growth and puberty, hypogonadism, hypospadias and micropenis. We report two cases of priapism in teenage boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty after a change in the formulation of depot testosterone.

The role of cystovaginoscopy and hygienic advice in girls referred for symptoms of vulvovaginitis.

Vulvovaginitis is a common presenting symptom referred to a paediatric urology clinic. Some of these patients undergo diagnostic cystovaginoscopy to determine whether there is any underlying anatomical cause for the persistent infection. However, in the majority of the patients, no underlying abnormality is found and they are given hygienic advice and prescribed bio yoghurt postoperatively.

The utilization of stents in the management of primary obstructive megaureters requiring intervention before 1 year of age.

Objective: To analyse the long-term outcome of 16 infants with primary obstructive megaureter managed by (endoscopic or open) stenting over a 10-year period.

Methods: A retrospective case-note and imaging review was performed between 1997 and 2007. Data are presented as medians (range) and were compared using the Mann-Whitney test.

Ergonomics, surgeon comfort, and theater checklists in pediatric laparoscopy.

Unlabelled: Laparoscopy is often carried out with personnel unfamiliar with the equipment and layout, thereby forcing the surgical team to adapt by twisting and stretching awkwardly. This can make laparoscopy more difficult and frustrating for the surgeon, potentially increasing patient risk. We carried out a short survey of laparoscopic procedures to determine when surgeons experience discomfort, and whether or not operative checklists could reduce these.

Laparoscopic renal biopsy in obese children.

Percutaneous kidney biopsy is routinely used to obtain renal tissue for histological examination. It is usually successful and has very few contraindications. We describe two children with clinical obesity in whom the percutaneous approach failed to yield renal tissue for histology.