Spontaneous intracranial hypotension - Neurological symptoms, diagnosis, and outcome.

Background: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a rare secondary headache disorder caused by spinal leakage of cerebrospinal fluid. Specialized treatment of SIH consists of epidural blood patches (EBPs), fibrin patching, endovascular sealing, and surgery. The aim of this paper was to characterize SIH patients identified at a tertiary headache center.

The Evidence for Diet as a Treatment in Migraine-A Review.

The connection between diet and migraine has gained increasing attention in migraine research due to its potential relevance as part of migraine treatment. This study reviewed the current evidence on the use of diets or specific foods in the prevention of migraine. A PubMed search was performed with the keywords "diet and migraine" OR "brain-gut-axis and migraine".

Hypersensitivity to CGRP as a predictive biomarker of migraine prevention with erenumab.

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced migraine attacks for effectiveness to erenumab treatment in people with migraine.

Methods: In total, 139 participants with migraine underwent a single experimental day involving a 20-min infusion with CGRP. Following this, the participants entered a 24-week treatment period with erenumab.

Challenges in the management of new daily persistent headache at a tertiary headache center-A retrospective real-world evidence study.

Objective: In this retrospective cross-sectional real-world evidence study from the Danish Headache Center (DHC), a national tertiary headache center in Denmark, we sought to identify potential pharmacological agents for the treatment of new daily persistent headache (NDPH).

Background: NDPH is an enigmatic headache disorder with abrupt onset and chronic duration for which evidence-based treatments are lacking. NDPH is a diagnosis of exclusion, for which secondary headaches must be ruled out and the etiology remains idiopathic.

Pericranial Muscle Stiffness, Pain Thresholds, and Tenderness during a Treatment Cycle of OnabotulinumtoxinA for Chronic Migraine Prevention.

Background: Treatment with OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) is effective as a preventive treatment for chronic migraine (CM). Preclinical studies suggest that the mechanism of action of BoNT-A in migraine is based on blocking unmyelinated C fibers. We aimed to investigate whether the muscle-relaxing effect of BoNT-A is associated with the preventive mechanism in patients with chronic migraine by measuring the stiffness, pain thresholds, and tenderness of the BoNT-A-applied muscles.

Serum calcitonin gene-related peptide in patients with persistent post-concussion symptoms, including headache: a cohort study.

Background: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays an important role in migraine pathophysiology, and post-traumatic headache (PTH) frequently presents with migraine-like features. Despite several clinical similarities, few studies have explored CGRP in PTH and concussion. This study investigates serum CGRP levels in patients with persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS), including PTH.

Validation of a Digital Headache Calendar at a Tertiary Referral Center.

Background: Headache calendars are essential tools in monitoring changes in headache frequency and type. They are used in clinical practice for long-term monitoring, but their validation remains limited. The aim of this study was to validate the use of a digital calendar in monitoring single migraine and tension-type headache attacks.

An exploratory analysis of clinical and sociodemographic factors in CGRP-induced migraine attacks: A REFORM study.

Objective: To investigate whether clinical and sociodemographic factors are associated with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) induced migraine attacks.

Methods: A total of 139 participants with migraine received a 20-minute intravenous infusion of CGRP (1.5 µg/min) on a single experiment day.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide causes migraine aura.

Background: Although the involvement of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in migraines is well-established, its specific role in investigating the aura phase, which often precedes the headache, remains largely unexplored. This study aims to instigate CGRP's potential in triggering aura, thus establishing its role in the early stages of migraine.

Methods: In this open-label, non-randomized, single-arm trial, 34 participants with migraine with aura received continuous intravenous infusion of CGRP (1.

Evaluating Headache and Facial Pain in a Headache Diagnostic Laboratory: Experiences from the Danish Headache Center.

Background: Diagnostic tests are not routinely used for the diagnosis of primary headaches. It is possible that laboratory tests could be developed and implemented at tertiary headache centers to be an integrated part of the diagnosis and management of headache patients, and laboratory tests that can be used on-site at headache centers could help in evaluating patients with secondary headache disorders.

Methods: In this narrative review, we present some of the studies that have been made so far at the Headache Diagnostic Laboratory at the Danish Headache Center that aim to investigate and phenotype primary headaches and investigate secondary headaches as well as improve management.

Comparison of the blink reflex in classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia.

Background: Previous findings indicate that the blink reflex is useful to distinguish between primary (classical/idiopathic) and secondary trigeminal neuralgia. No prior studies have investigated whether the blink reflex could identify differences in electrophysiological responses between classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. With this in mind, we investigated the blink reflex in a cohort of classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients.

Adding eptinezumab to brief patient education to treat chronic migraine and medication-overuse headache: Protocol for RESOLUTION-A phase 4, multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Introduction: Migraine is a highly prevalent and disabling neurological disease. Excessive use of acute medications can lead to medication-overuse headache (MOH), occurring when a patient experiences an increasing number of headache and migraine days, despite taking greater amounts of acute medication. To treat MOH, a preventive migraine treatment and/or withdrawal of the overused medication(s) are advised.

White matter hyperintensities and cerebral microbleeds in persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

Objective: To examine whether white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are more prevalent in people with persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), compared with healthy controls.

Methods: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of adults with persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild TBI and age- and gender-matched healthy controls. A semi-structured interview and validated self-report instruments were used to record data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities.

Cortical hemodynamic response during cognitive Stroop test in acute stroke patients assessed by fNIRS.

Background: Following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) many patients experience cognitive impairment which interferes neurorehabilitation. Understanding and monitoring pathophysiologic processes behind cognitive symptoms requires accessible methods during testing and training. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can assess activational hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and feasibly be used as a biomarker to support stroke rehabilitation.

Telephone follow-up on treatment and patient satisfaction at a Danish tertiary headache center: A prospective study.

Objective: We investigated whether telephone follow-up consultations could lead to appropriate adjustment of treatments and a higher degree of patient satisfaction among patients with migraine and tension-type headache (TTH).

Background: Migraine and TTH are disabling headache forms requiring optimized treatment.

Methods: In a prospective, non-randomized, quality control study with controls comparing telephone-interview intervention (TeII) with business-as-usual (BAU) treatment, we included newly referred patients with migraine and/or TTH.

CGRP-induced migraine-like headache in persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To ascertain whether intravenous infusion of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) can induce migraine-like headache in people with persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and no pre-existing migraine.

Methods: A non-randomized, single-arm, open-label study at a single site in Denmark. Eligible participants were aged 18 to 65 years and had a known history of persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild TBI for ≥ 12 months.

Sensitivity of the SNNOOP10 list in the high-risk secondary headache detection.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the SNNOOP10 list in the detection of high-risk headaches.

Methods: Patients that visited the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid) emergency department due to headache that were allocated to a Manchester Triage System level between critical and urgent were prospectively included but retrospectively analysed. A researcher blind to the patients' diagnosis administered a standardised questionnaire and afterwards a neurologist blind to the questionnaire results diagnosed the patient according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders.

The role of cytokines in migraine: A systematic review.

Background: Cytokines are important endogenous substances that are involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Neurogenic inflammation has been proposed to play a role in migraine involving altered cytokine levels. Therefore, we aimed to provide a systematic review on the current knowledge on cytokine levels in migraine patients during and outside attacks.

Total tenderness score and pressure pain thresholds in persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To investigate whether persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with more pronounced pericranial tenderness and lower pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in the head and neck region, compared with healthy controls.

Methods: Patients with persistent post-traumatic headache (n = 100) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (n = 100) were included between July 2018 and June 2019. Total tenderness score (TTS) was used to assess pericranial tenderness by bilateral manual palpation in eight muscles or tendon insertions.

Telemedicine in headache care: A systematic review.

Objective: Telemedicine is defined as video-based consultations with synchronous video and sound. This systematic review investigated the use of telemedicine for headache patients. The primary outcomes of interest were treatment efficacy, feasibility, safety, convenience, compliance, and patient satisfaction.

A history of International Headache Society grants and their impact on headache careers.

Background: The International Headache Society has been offering multiple award opportunities for young researchers and clinicians for many years, with the aim of supporting the development of careers in headache science and medicine.

Methods: In order to assess the outcomes of the International Headache Society award grants, a questionnaire was sent to all previous recipients, investigating a series of aspects related to their work, both during and after award completion.

Results: Of 44 total questionnaires sent, 36 were returned.

Treatment experiences and clinical characteristics in migraine and tension-type headache patients before the first visit to a tertiary headache center.

Objectives: To investigate previous treatment and clinical characteristics in migraine and tension-type headache patients at their first visit to a tertiary headache center.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data obtained from electronic questionnaires and medical charts. Migraine and tension-type headache patients were investigated at their first visit to the Danish Headache Center.