Higher age and obesity limit atelectasis formation during anaesthesia: an analysis of computed tomography data in 243 subjects.

Background: General anaesthesia is increasingly common in elderly and obese patients. Greater age and body mass index (BMI) worsen gas exchange. We assessed whether this is related to increasing atelectasis during general anaesthesia.

Optimal PEEP during one-lung ventilation with capnothorax: An experimental study.

Background: One-lung ventilation (OLV) with induced capnothorax carries the risk of severely impaired ventilation and circulation. Optimal PEEP may mitigate the physiological perturbations during these conditions.

Methods: Right-sided OLV with capnothorax (16 cm H O) on the left side was initiated in eight anesthetized, muscle-relaxed piglets.

Outbreak of enterovirus D68 of the new B3 lineage in Stockholm, Sweden, August to September 2016.

We report an enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) outbreak in Stockholm Sweden in 2016. Between 22 August and 25 September EV-D68 was detected in 74/495 respiratory samples analysed at the Karolinska University Hospital. During the peak week, 30/91 (33%) samples were EV-D68 positive.

Lung complications are common in intensive care treated patients with pelvis fractures: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The incidence of severe respiratory complications in patients with pelvis fractures needing intensive care have not previously been studied. Therefore, the aims of this registry study were to 1) determine the number of ICU patients with pelvis fractures who had severe respiratory complications 2) whether the surgical intervention in these patients is associated with the pulmonary condition and 3) whether there is an association between lung complications and mortality. We hypothesized that acute hypoxic failure (AHF) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 1) are common in ICU treated patients with pelvis fractures, 2) are not related to the reconstructive surgery, or to 3) to mortality.

Maintenance of airway pressure during filter exchange due to auto-triggering.

Background: Daily routine ventilator-filter exchange interrupts the integrity of the ventilator circuit. We hypothesized that this might reduce positive airway pressure in mechanically ventilated ICU patients, inducing alveolar collapse and causing impaired oxygenation and compliance of the respiratory system.

Methods: We studied 40 consecutive ICU subjects (P(aO2)/F(IO2) ratio ≤ 300 mm Hg), mechanically ventilated with pressure-regulated volume control or pressure support and PEEP ≥ 5 cm H2O.

Severe diabetic ketoacidosis in combination with starvation and anorexia nervosa at onset of type 1 diabetes: a case report.

We here report a case of diabetic ketoacidosis at onset of type 1 diabetes after a prolonged period of starvation due to anorexia nervosa. A 53-year-old female with a history of anorexia nervosa was admitted to the psychiatric clinic due to psychotic behaviour and inability to take care of herself. Twenty-four hours after admission she was transferred to the clinic of internal medicine due to altered mental status, and laboratory screening revealed a pH of 6.

Prevention of atelectasis in morbidly obese patients during general anesthesia and paralysis: a computerized tomography study.

Background: Morbidly obese patients show impaired pulmonary function during anesthesia and paralysis, partly due to formation of atelectasis. This study analyzed the effect of general anesthesia and three different ventilatory strategies to reduce the amount of atelectasis and improve respiratory function.

Methods: Thirty patients (body mass index 45 +/- 4 kg/m) scheduled for gastric bypass surgery were prospectively randomized into three groups: (1) positive end-expiratory pressure of 10 cm H2O (PEEP), (2) a recruitment maneuver with 55 cm H2O for 10 s followed by zero end-expiratory pressure, (3) a recruitment maneuver followed by PEEP.