Development of an optimized MRI protocol for a rapid preoperative identification of sentinel lymph nodes using superparamagnetic iron oxide - The Gothenburg fast acquisition sentinel lymph node tracking magnetic resonance imaging protocol (GO-FAST-MRI).

Introduction: Determining sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is important for treatment decisions in patients with melanoma. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) combined with MRI have emerged as an alternative to Technetium lymphoscintigraphy for preoperative mapping of SLN, however, the MRI protocols so far are extensive with long in-camera time. This study aimed to evaluate an optimized MRI protocol for rapid identification of SLNs using SPIO as a tracer, without compromising diagnostic quality, the GOthenburg Fast Acquisition Sentinel lymph node Tracking MRI (GO-FAST-MRI).

A novel model of artificial intelligence based automated image analysis of CT urography to identify bladder cancer in patients investigated for macroscopic hematuria.

Objective: To evaluate whether artificial intelligence (AI) based automatic image analysis utilising convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be used to evaluate computed tomography urography (CTU) for the presence of urinary bladder cancer (UBC) in patients with macroscopic hematuria.

Methods: Our study included patients who had undergone evaluation for macroscopic hematuria. A CNN-based AI model was trained and validated on the CTUs included in the study on a dedicated research platform (Recomia.

Ultra-Low Dose of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Sentinel Lymph Node Detection in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is pivotal for treatment decision-making in patients with breast cancer. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have been shown to be equivalent to the dual technique with technetium (Tc) and blue dye (BD) for SLN detection. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of detecting SLNs using an ultra-low dose of SPIO.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging allows non-invasive functional and structural evaluation of diabetic kidney disease.

Background: We sought to develop a novel non-contrast multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) protocol employing several complementary techniques in a single scan session for a comprehensive functional and structural evaluation of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Methods: In the cross-sectional part of this prospective observational study, 38 subjects ages 18‒79 years with type 2 diabetes and DKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 15‒60 mL/min/1.73 m] and 20 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (HVs) underwent mpMRI.

Computed tomography urography with corticomedullary phase can exclude urinary bladder cancer with high accuracy.

Background: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography-urography (CTU) to rule out urinary bladder cancer (UBC) and whether patients thereby could omit cystoscopy.

Methods: All patients evaluated for macroscopic hematuria with CTU with cortico-medullary phase (CMP) and cystoscopy at our institute between 1 November 2016 and 31 December 2019 were included. From this study cohort a study group consisting of all UBC patients and a control group of 113 patients randomly selected from all patients in the study cohort without UBC.

Whole-Body MRI Surveillance-Baseline Findings in the Swedish Multicentre Hereditary -Related Cancer Syndrome Study (SWEP53).

A surveillance strategy of the heritable -related cancer syndrome (hrc), commonly referred to as the Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), is studied in a prospective observational nationwide multi-centre study in Sweden (SWEP53). The aim of this sub-study is to evaluate whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) regarding the rate of malignant, indeterminate, and benign imaging findings and the associated further workup generated by the baseline examination. Individuals with hrc were enrolled in a surveillance program including annual whole-body MRI (WB-MRI), brain-MRI, and in female carriers, dedicated breast MRI.

Sentinel lymph node localization and staging with a low-dose of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) enhanced MRI and magnetometer in patients with cutaneous melanoma of the extremity - The MAGMEN feasibility study.

Background: In patients with melanoma, sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is pivotal for treatment decisions. Current routine for SLN detection combines Technetium (Tc) lymphoscintigraphy and blue dye (BD). The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of using a low dose of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) injected intracutaneously to detect and identify the SLN, and the secondary aim was to investigate if a low dose of SPIO would enable a preoperative MRI-evaluation of SLN status.

Vulvar cancer staging: guidelines of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR).

Objective: The aim of the Female Pelvic Imaging Working Group of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) was to develop imaging staging guidelines for vulvar cancer and to propose standardised MRI protocols and reporting.

Methods: The guidelines recommended from the ESUR in this article resulted from a questionnaire analysis regarding imaging staging of vulvar cancer that was answered by all members of the Female Pelvic Imaging Working Group. Only the answers with an agreement equal to or more than 80% were considered.

Magnetic-Guided Axillary UltraSound (MagUS) Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and Mapping in Patients with Early Breast Cancer. A Phase 2, Single-Arm Prospective Clinical Trial.

Lymph Node Dissection (SLND) is standard of care for diagnosing sentinel lymph node (SLN) status in patients with early breast cancer. Study aim was to determine whether the combination of Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) MRI-lymphography (MRI-LG) and a Magnetic-guided Axillary UltraSound (MagUS) with biopsy can allow for minimally invasive, axillary evaluation to de-escalate surgery. Patients were injected with 2 mL of SPIO and underwent MRI-LG for SN mapping.

Accuracy of computerized tomography in the preoperative evaluation of metastases in primary vulvar cancer - A population-based study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of a preoperative CT on surgical decision making in primary vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and the accuracy of detecting inguinal lymph node metastases (LNM). Secondly to assess prevalence and consequences of incidental findings and comorbidity using a CT.

Methods: This population-based study comprised of surgically treated patients with primary VSCC, at a regional tertiary center, using the Swedish Quality Registry for Gynecological Cancer for identification, and medical records were reviewed.

Computed tomography contrast enhancement pattern of the uterus in premenopausal women in relation to menstrual cycle and hormonal contraception.

Background: There are different types of computed tomography (CT) contrast enhancement patterns of the uterus. It is not known whether these are hormonally dependent.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between these patterns and the menstrual cycle in non-users of hormonal contraception, and the possible impact of hormonal contraception.

Correction to: Performance of a feature-based algorithm for 3D-3D registration of CT angiography to cone-beam CT for endovascular repair of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms.

In the original version of this article [1], published on 8 November 2018, there was an error in the name of the 2nd author.

Performance of a feature-based algorithm for 3D-3D registration of CT angiography to cone-beam CT for endovascular repair of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Background: A crucial step in image fusion for intraoperative guidance during endovascular procedures is the registration of preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) with intraoperative Cone Beam CT (CBCT). Automatic tools for image registration facilitate the 3D image guidance workflow. However their performance is not always satisfactory.

European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) Guidelines: MR Imaging of Leiomyomas.

Objective: The aim of the Female Pelvic Imaging Working Group of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) was to develop imaging guidelines for MR work-up in patients with known or suspected uterine leiomyomas.

Methods: Guidelines for imaging uterine leiomyomas were defined based on a survey distributed to all members of the working group, an expert consensus meeting at European Congress of Radiology (ECR) 2017 and a critical review of the literature.

Results: The 25 returned questionnaires as well as the expert consensus meeting have shown reasonable homogeneity of practice among institutions.

Serum anti-Müllerian hormone and ovarian morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in response to acupuncture and exercise in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate whether electro-acupuncture or physical exercise influence serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC) or ovarian volume in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Secondary analyses of a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting: University Hospital, Sweden.

Ovarian morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome and associations with antimüllerian hormone, free testosterone, and glucose disposal rate.

Objective: To characterize ovarian morphology and perfusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to investigate associations with antimüllerian hormone (AMH), free T, and glucose disposal rate (GDR).

Design: Explorative cross-sectional study.

Setting: University hospital.

Ovarian volume and antral follicle count assessed by MRI and transvaginal ultrasonography: a methodological study.

Background: Ultrasonographic measurements of ovarian volume and antral follicle count are of clinical importance as diagnostic features of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and as a parameter in estimation of ovarian follicular reserve in infertility care.

Purpose: To compare two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for estimation of ovarian volume and antral follicle count, and to assess reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of MRI measurements.

Material And Methods: Volumes of 172 ovaries in 99 women aged 21-37 years were calculated (length x width x height x 0.

Uterine morphology and peristalsis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with chronic oligo-anovulation and high circulating sex hormone levels. Women with PCOS have an increased risk of developing endometrial cancer. In anovulatory women with PCOS a positive relationship between endometrial thickness and endometrial hyperplasia has been observed.

Vascular pedicle lengths after hysterectomy: toward future human uterus transplantation.

Objective: To estimate uterine vessel lengths and diameters recovered at radical hysterectomy to assess prospects for direct vascular anastomosis bilaterally to the external iliacs in uterus transplantation, and thereby the feasibility of live uterus donation as a future treatment of absolute uterine factor infertility.

Methods: Patients (n=19; study group) undergoing radical hysterectomy for gynecologic malignancy participated. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in four patients to evaluate the usefulness in estimation of vessel lengths.

Adipose tissue has aberrant morphology and function in PCOS: enlarged adipocytes and low serum adiponectin, but not circulating sex steroids, are strongly associated with insulin resistance.

Context: Comprehensive characterization of the adipose tissue in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), over a wide range of body mass indices (BMIs), is lacking. Mechanisms behind insulin resistance in PCOS are unclear.

Objective: To characterize the adipose tissue of women with PCOS and controls matched pair-wise for age and BMI, and to identify factors, among adipose tissue characteristics and serum sex steroids, that are associated with insulin sensitivity in PCOS.

Endovascular management of acute bleeding arterioenteric fistulas.

The objective of this study was to review the outcome of endovascular transcatheter repair of emergent arterioenteric fistulas. Cases of abdominal arterioenteric fistulas (defined as a fistula between a major artery and the small intestine or colon, thus not the esophagus or stomach), diagnosed over the 3-year period between December 2002 and December 2005 at our institution, were retrospectively reviewed. Five patients with severe enteric bleeding underwent angiography and endovascular repair.

[Embolization of uterine arteries yields good results in symptomatic myoma].

This article summarizes the experience gained so far of uterine artery embolization (UAE) for symptomatic fibroids, reviewing publications related to this issue. More than 10 years have past since Ravina et al started to treat uterine fibroids with UAE. To date thousands of women have been embolized with excellent results and few serious complications.