Prenatal Exposure to Butyl Paraben Is Associated With Fat Percentage in 7-Year-Old Boys.

Context: Parabens are used as preservatives in consumer products but are suspected of having endocrine-disrupting properties. A recent study reported an association between in utero exposure to butyl paraben and overweight in childhood, with a stronger trend in girls.

Objective: We therefore studied the association between parabens in maternal urine in third trimester and fat percentage in children aged 7 years.

Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and autistic- and ADHD-related symptoms in children aged 2 and5 years from the Odense Child Cohort.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a non-persistent chemical with endocrine disrupting abilities used in a variety of consumer products. Fetal exposure to BPA is of concern due to the elevated sensitivity, which particularly relates to the developing brain. Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between prenatal BPA exposure and neurodevelopment, but the results have been inconclusive.

Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and blood pressure in pregnancy among 1436 women from the Odense Child Cohort.

Background: Previous studies of association between exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and gestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia (PE) have shown conflicting results, but most dichotomized outcome and did not study continuous blood pressure (BP) changes.

Objectives: To study the association between PFAS exposure in early pregnancy and maternal BP trajectories in pregnancy, gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.

Methods: 1436 women were enrolled in the Odense Child Cohort in early pregnancy and had a serum sample drawn, from which perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) were measured using LC-MS/MS.

Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances during fetal life and hospitalization for infectious disease in childhood: A study among 1,503 children from the Odense Child Cohort.

Introduction: The immunosuppressive properties of PFASs are widely recognized. Early-life exposure to PFAS has been linked to reduced immune response to childhood vaccinations and increased rates of common infectious diseases, but implications for hospitalizations are unclear.

Objectives: To investigate the association between maternal serum concentrations of five PFASs during pregnancy and the child's rate of hospitalization due to common infectious diseases between birth and 4 years of age.

Prenatal paraben exposure and anogenital distance and reproductive hormones during mini-puberty: A study from the Odense Child Cohort.

Background: Parabens are added to personal care products as antimicrobial preservatives. They have been suggested to have endocrine disrupting abilities. Prenatal exposure to parabens has been associated with reproductive endpoints including reduced male anogenital distance (AGD, distance from anus to genitals), which is sensitive to prenatal anti-androgenic exposure.

Maternal phthalate exposure associated with decreased testosterone/LH ratio in male offspring during mini-puberty. Odense Child Cohort.

Background: Phthalates are plastic softeners with anti-androgenic properties. Prenatal exposure has led to lower testosterone (T) levels and smaller testicles in adult rats. To our knowledge, no studies have examined associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and sex hormone concentrations in infants.

Breast milk n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood pressure: an individual participant meta-analysis.

Purpose: It is controversial whether a higher intake of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC PUFA) through breastfeeding is associated or not to a lower blood pressure (BP) during childhood. We aimed to clarify this point by undertaking a meta-analysis involving the data from seven European birth cohorts.

Methods: We searched https://www.

Blood Pressure and Angiogenic Markers in Pregnancy: Contributors to Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Offspring Cardiovascular Risk.

Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a severe pregnancy complication, increasing risk of long-term cardiovascular disease in mothers and offspring. We hypothesized that maternal blood pressure in pregnancy associated with offspring blood pressure; that the associations were sex-specific; and that maternal circulating placental angiogenic markers (PlGF [placental growth factor] and sFlt-1 [soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1]) mediated this relationship. We analyzed data from 2434 women and 2217 children from the Odense Child Cohort, a prospective Danish cohort study.

Perfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure Early In Pregnancy Was Negatively Associated With Late Pregnancy Cortisone Levels.

Introduction: During pregnancy, maternal cortisol levels are increased 3-fold by the third trimester. The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD, isoforms 1 and 2) regulates the balance between cortisol and cortisone levels. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been reported to inhibit 11β-HSD1 and more potently 11β-HSD2, which could lead to reduced levels of cortisol and more extensively cortisone.

Blood pressure and hypertension during pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Odense Child Cohort.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare blood pressure and prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and the reference group throughout pregnancy.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study was part of the prospective study Odense Child Cohort. Pregnant women were recruited from January 2010 to December 2012.

Prenatal exposure to perfluorodecanoic acid is associated with lower circulating concentration of adrenal steroid metabolites during mini puberty in human female infants. The Odense Child Cohort.

Background: Fetal programming of the endocrine system may be affected by exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAAs), as they easily cross the placental barrier. In vitro studies suggest that PFAAs may disrupt steroidogenesis. "Mini puberty" refers to a transient surge in circulating androgens, androgen precursors, and gonadotropins in infant girls and boys within the first postnatal months.

Birth Season and Infection Risk Among Children Under 5 Years Old: A Study of Hospital Admissions and Short Message Service-reported Symptoms at Home.

Background: The season in which a child is born may affect the immune system development and thereby influence the risk of infections. In this study, we examined the associations between birth season and the risk of hospital admission or symptoms associated with a wide range of infections.

Methods: This study is a prospective cohort study of 2434 children with an average follow-up of 3.

Postnatal depressive symptoms display marked similarities across continents.

Background: Postnatal depressive symptoms measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) are reported to display measurement variance regarding factor structure and the frequency of specific depressive symptoms. However, postnatal depressive symptoms measured by EPDS have not been compared between women representing three continents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study including birth cohort samples from Denmark, Vietnam and Tanzania.

Iron deficiency in healthy 18-month-old Danish children is associated with no oral iron supplementation in infancy and prolonged exclusive breast-feeding.

Fe deficiency (ID) defined as plasma ferritin <12 µg/l is associated with delayed cognitive development in early childhood and increased incidence of infections; however, the longitudinal association between early-life factors and ID in 18-month-old children in Denmark is unknown. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of ID and to describe risk factors associated with ID in healthy 18-month-old Danish children. Blood samples, anthropometric measurements and self-reported questionnaire data had been obtained in the birth cohort, Odense Child Cohort.

Anogenital distance in children born of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome: the Odense Child Cohort.

Study Question: Are higher testosterone levels during pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) associated with longer offspring anogenital distance (AGD)?

Summary Answer: AGD was similar in 3-month-old children born of mothers with PCOS compared to controls.

What Is Known Already: AGD is considered a marker of prenatal androgenization.

Study Design, Size, Duration: Maternal testosterone levels were measured by mass spectrometry at Gestational Week 28 in 1127 women.

Third trimester cortisol status is associated with offspring sex and polycystic ovary syndrome status: Odense Child Cohort.

Objective: To determine predictors of maternal serum (S) and urinary (U) cortisol and cortisone levels during the third trimester and to examine associations between maternal cortisol status, offspring sex, and maternal polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) status.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: The study is part of the prospective Odense Child Cohort.

Maternal urinary concentrations of pyrethroid and chlorpyrifos metabolites and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in 2-4-year-old children from the Odense Child Cohort.

Background: Pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos are widely used insecticides, but the potential impact of prenatal exposure on child neurodevelopment has only been addressed in few longitudinal studies.

Objectives: To investigate associations between prenatal exposure to pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos and traits of ADHD in 2-4-year-old children.

Methods: Metabolites of chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids were measured in maternal urine collected at gestational week 28 among 1207 women from the Odense Child Cohort.

Aldosterone, Salt, and Potassium Intakes as Predictors of Pregnancy Outcome, Including Preeclampsia.

The mineralocorticoid aldosterone increases in plasma in healthy pregnancy along with renin and angiotensin II and plays a key role in the physiological plasma volume expansion. In mice, aldosterone contributes to an optimal fetal development by enhancing PlGF (placental growth factor) expression and trophoblast cell proliferation. In preeclampsia, there is coincident suppression of aldosterone and impaired placental development.

Prenatal bisphenol A exposure is associated with language development but not with ADHD-related behavior in toddlers from the Odense Child Cohort.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a non-persistent chemical with endocrine disrupting abilities widely used in a variety of consumer products. The fetal brain is particularly sensitive to chemical exposures due to its rapid growth and complexity. Some studies have reported associationbetween maternal BPA exposure and behavior but few have assessed impact on cognitive development, and to our knowledge no studies have specifically assessed the impact on language development.

Testosterone Levels in Third Trimester in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Odense Child Cohort.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism. In pregnancy, testosterone levels may be higher in women with PCOS compared with controls.

Aims: To compare total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels in third-trimester pregnant women with PCOS and controls and to establish reference ranges for TT, FT, and SHBG in PCOS and controls.