Symptomatic osteonecrosis in children treated for Hodgkin lymphoma: A population-based study in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark.

Background: Osteonecrosis (ON) is a potentially disabling skeletal complication of cancer treatment. Although symptomatic osteonecrosis (sON) is well-known in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with an incidence around 6%, studies on sON in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of sON in children treated for HL.

Radiological follow-up of osteonecrosis lesions in children and adolescents with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Osteonecrosis (ON) is a common complication of glucocorticoid-based Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment, but the natural evolution and prognosis of ON lesions remain poorly understood. We describe the radiological evolution of ON lesions identified in a Nordic population-based cohort of paediatric HL patients. Magnetic resonance images of suspected ON lesions were centrally reviewed to confirm ON diagnosis and grade the ON lesions according to the Niinimäki classification.

Chemotherapy-related toxicities follow a typical pattern in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Aim: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) therapy has been associated with a significant burden of toxicities. The aim of this study was to describe the full spectrum of toxic effects associated with childhood ALL.

Methods: Toxicity-related data were collected from the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL-2008 toxicity registry, in which data on 19 clinically relevant toxicities were registered during ALL treatment, and from patient medical records.

Success and complications in lumbar punctures of pediatric patients with leukemia: a study protocol for a randomized clinical crossover trial of a bioimpedance needle system versus conventional procedure.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy diagnosed in children. At present, the long-term survival from pediatric ALL is well over 90%. However, the probability of event-free survival is reduced if the lumbar puncture (LP) procedures at the beginning of the patient's intrathecal therapy cause blood leakage into the spinal canal and blast cells contaminate the cerebrospinal fluid.

A longitudinal study of facial asymmetry in a normal birth cohort up to 6 years of age and the predisposing factors.

Objectives: This prospective, population-based cohort study aimed to investigate the development of facial asymmetry up to 6 years of age using a three-dimensional (3D) soft tissue imaging method in a normal population. In addition, the study sought to identify potential predisposing factors to facial asymmetry.

Methods: A total of 102 newborns were enrolled in the study at birth.

Parental Ability to Assess Pediatric Vital Signs.

Objective: To evaluate parents' ability to accurately assess their child's heart and respiratory rates (RRs) in the context of potential utility for telehealth visits.

Study Design: In this controlled study of 203 child-parent pairs, parents measured their child's heart rate (HR) using 4 methods: palpation, auscultation, and 2 photoplethysmographic smartphone applications. Parents measured RR by inspecting the child and tapping the smartphone application.

Reduced dose folinic acid rescue after rapid high-dose methotrexate clearance is not associated with increased toxicity in a pediatric cohort.

Purpose: Low doses of folinic acid (FA) rescue after high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) have been associated with increased toxicity, whereas high doses may be related to a decreased antileukemic effect. The optimal dosage and duration of FA rescue remain controversial. This study was designed to investigate, whether a shorter duration of FA rescue in the setting of rapid HD-MTX clearance is associated with increased toxicity.

Craniofacial Asymmetry from One to Three Years of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study with 3D Imaging.

Deformational plagiocephaly (DP) is considered a risk factor for facial asymmetry. This cohort-based, prospective, follow-up study used three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry to assess the development of facial asymmetry in a normal birth cohort and to investigate the impact of DP on facial asymmetry for the age range of one to three years. The study sample consisted of 75 children: 35 girls (47%) and 40 (53%) boys recruited from Oulu University Hospital.

Plagiocephaly after Neonatal Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip at School Age.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) may require early abduction treatment with infants sleeping on their back for the first few months of life. As sleeping on back is known to cause deformational plagiocephaly, we assessed school age children treated for dislocation or subluxation of the hip-joint in infancy. Plagiocephaly was analyzed by using cephalic index (CI) and oblique cranial length ratio (OCLR) as anthropometric measurements from 2D digital vertex view photographs.

Trends in age- and sex-adjusted body mass index and the prevalence of malnutrition in children with cancer over 42 months after diagnosis: a single-center cohort study.

The adequate nutritional status of pediatric cancer patients is particularly important to enable them to cope with the demands of the disease and its treatment and to maintain normal growth. Malnutrition and obesity have both been associated with reduced survival and increased drug toxicity. We investigated trends in the age- and sex-adjusted body mass index (ISO-BMI) and the prevalence of malnutrition in a Finnish cohort of 139 consecutive children receiving chemotherapy for cancer, with a follow-up period of 42 months after diagnosis.

A 3D Follow-Up Study of Cranial Asymmetry from Early Infancy to Toddler Age after Preterm versus Term Birth.

Preterm infants are at higher risk for both symmetrical and asymmetrical head molding. This study involved 3D stereophotogrammetry to assess the cranial growth, molding, and incidence of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) in preterm children compared to term born children. Thirty-four preterm infants and 34 term born controls were enrolled in this study from Oulu University Hospital, Finland.

Accuracy of measurements used to quantify cranial asymmetry in deformational plagiocephaly.

Objective: Various measurements are used to quantify cranial asymmetry in deformational plagiocephaly (DP), but studies validating cut-off values and comparing the accuracy of such measurements are lacking. In this study, we compared the accuracy of four different measurements in classifying children with and without DP diagnosed by visual assessment, and sought to determine their optimal cut-off values.

Study Design: Two experts rated 407 3D craniofacial images of children aged between 3 and 36 months old using the Argenta classification.

The course of positional cranial deformation from 3 to 12 months of age and associated risk factors: a follow-up with 3D imaging.

Deformational plagiocephaly is reported in up to 46.6 % of healthy infants, with the highest point prevalence at around 3 months of age. Few prospective studies on the natural course of skull deformation have been conducted, and we know of no studies using 3D imaging starting from the highest point prevalence period.

Analyzing infant head flatness and asymmetry using kernel density estimation of directional surface data from a craniofacial 3D model.

Infant skull deformation is analyzed using the distribution of head normal vector directions computed from a 3D image. Severity of flatness and asymmetry are quantified by functionals of the kernel estimate of the normal vector direction density. Using image data from 99 infants and clinical deformation ratings made by experts, our approach is compared with some recently suggested methods.

Preventing deformational plagiocephaly through parent guidance: a randomized, controlled trial.

Unlabelled: Deformational plagiocephaly (DP) occurs frequently in otherwise healthy infants. Many infants with DP undergo physiotherapy or helmet therapy, and ample treatment-related research is available. However, the possibility of preventing DP has been left with little attention.

Cranial shape, size and cervical motion in normal newborns.

Background: Deformational plagiocephaly (DP) and torticollis are commonly seen in infants and they often co-occur, but little is known of the prevalence and relationship of these conditions in the immediate newborn period. No previous studies focusing on the relationship between cranial shape and cervical motion in newborns can be found.

Objectives: Determining the incidence rates and characteristics of DP and torticollis and examining the relationship between cervical range of motion (ROM), cranial size and cranial shape in neonates.