Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation and Infection among Patients with Bronchiectasis in the Jerusalem Area.

Background: Bronchiectasis is an obstructive chronic lung disease characterized by structural changes in large and small airways, namely permanent widening of bronchial lumen resulting in chronic inflammation and infection. Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental mycobacteria that may cause human infection or colonization with over 150 species identified to date. Bronchiectasis with NTM colonization or infection is often encountered but with varying prevalence and unknown clinical or prognostic significance.

Low-Dose Colchicine Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Liver Injury: A Novel Method for Alleviating Systemic Inflammation.

Sepsis is a significant public health challenge. The immune system underlies the pathogenesis of the disease. The liver is both an active player and a target organ in sepsis.

Using chronobiology-based second-generation artificial intelligence digital system for overcoming antimicrobial drug resistance in chronic infections.

Antimicrobial resistance results from the widespread use of antimicrobial agents and is a significant obstacle to the effectiveness of these agents. Numerous methods are used to overcome this problem with moderate success. Besides efforts of antimicrobial stewards, several artificial intelligence (AI)-based technologies are being explored for preventing resistance development.

Digital Analgesic Comprising a Second-Generation Digital Health System: Increasing Effectiveness by Optimizing the Dosing and Minimizing Side Effects.

Opioids remain an essential part of the treatment of chronic pain. However, their use and increasing rates of misuse are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The development of tolerance to opioids and analgesics further complicates dosing and the need to reduce side effects.

Right-sided endocarditis caused by polyclonal Staphylococcus aureus infection.

We present a case of bacterial endocarditis with both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which based on typing, originated from two distinct clones. Such a case may be misinterpreted by microbiology lab automation to be a monoclonal multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, while simple microbiology techniques will instantly reveal distinct clonality.

Establishing a second-generation artificial intelligence-based system for improving diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patients with rare diseases.

Patients with rare diseases are a major challenge for healthcare systems. These patients face three major obstacles: late diagnosis and misdiagnosis, lack of proper response to therapies, and absence of valid monitoring tools. We reviewed the relevant literature on first-generation artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms which were designed to improve the management of chronic diseases.

Establishment of an Individualized Chronotherapy, Autonomic Nervous System, and Variability-Based Dynamic Platform for Overcoming the Loss of Response to Analgesics.

Background: Control of chronic pain and mainly the partial or complete loss of response to analgesics is a major unmet need. Multiple mechanisms underline the development of tolerance to analgesics in general and specifically to opioids. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a role in the development of analgesic tolerance and chronobiology.

Predictors of responses to clinic-based childhood obesity care.

Background/objective: Lifestyle modification is the therapy of choice for childhood obesity, yet the response rate is variable and may be affected by genetic factors. We aimed to investigate predictors of poor response to lifestyle modification obesity treatment in children.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of 434 youths (64.