Lasting and extensive consequences of left mesial temporal lobe seizures on electrical cortical activity.

Background And Objectives: Focal epilepsies disrupt long-range networks with seizure recurrence driving both regional and global alterations in connectivity networks. While prior studies have focused on the interictal consequences, limited data exist on the direct aftermath of focal seizures. We hypothesize that mesial temporal lobe seizures lead to enduring cortical disorganization.

Effect of familiarity and knowledge about epilepsy on associated cultural stereotypes in French society.

People with epilepsy face stigma that impacts numerous aspects of their daily lives. Although the stigma surrounding people with epilepsy has been extensively documented, the mechanisms underlying it-such as cultural stereotypes-remain to be explored. Cultural stereotypes are widely shared beliefs within a cultural context about attributes typically associated with members of a particular group.

Neuropsychological assessment in pediatric epilepsy surgery: A French procedure consensus.

Neuropsychological assessment is a mandatory part of the pre- and post-operative evaluation in pediatric epilepsy surgery. The neuropsychology task force of the ILAE - French Chapter aims to define a neuropsychological procedure consensus based on literature review and adapted for French practice. They performed a systematic review of the literature published between 1950 and 2023 on cognitive evaluation of individuals undergoing presurgical work-up and post-surgery follow-up and focused on the pediatric population aged 6-16.

Characterization of alexithymia in clinically isolated syndrome.

Background: In multiple sclerosis (MS), the prevalence of alexithymia, defined as an inability to identify and describe emotions, is close to 50% but the prevalence of this symptom in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is unknown. Characterizing alexithymia at an early stage of the disease can help to clarify psychobehavioural disturbances in CIS patients.

Methods: Forty CIS patients, who fulfilled the MRI criteria for dissemination in space, were matched with 40 healthy subjects.

Social cognition in epilepsy: State of the art and perspectives.

Introduction: The neuropsychology of epilepsy has been a major area of study for almost a century and cognitive impairments are an integral part of the new definition of epilepsy. Among such impairments, social cognition (SC) dysfunctions are of relatively recent interest. SC abilities refer to the body of knowledge and processes involved in establishing satisfying and appropriate social interactions.

French neuropsychological procedure consensus in epilepsy surgery.

Introduction: Neuropsychological assessment is an integral component of the surgical procedure in patients with epilepsy. As no French consensus for neuropsychological assessment was available, the main goal of this work was to define French neuropsychological procedure consensus in regard to literature review.

Method: A panel of expert in neuropsychology was created within the framework of the French League Against Epilepsy.

Experiences of self-conscious emotions in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Self-conscious emotions (SCEs) with a negative valence (such as shame and guilt) or a positive valence (such as pride) are moral emotions that emerge from self-reflection and self-evaluation processes in social contexts. In some neurologic and psychiatric disorders, experiences of SCEs are dysregulated. The objectives of the present study were to (i) evaluate whether patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) experience SCEs in the same way as nonclinical (control) participants and (ii) probe the relationships between experiences of SCEs on the one hand and the psychological symptoms frequently diagnosed in patients with TLE (anxiety and depression), the patients' clinical characteristics, and their functional outcomes in everyday life on the other.

Encoding and immediate retrieval tasks in patients with epilepsy: A functional MRI study of verbal and visual memory.

Purpose: Medial lobe temporal structures and more specifically the hippocampus play a decisive role in episodic memory. Most of the memory functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies evaluate the encoding phase; the retrieval phase being performed outside the MRI. We aimed to determine the ability to reveal greater hippocampal fMRI activations during retrieval phase.

A functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of theory of mind impairments in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Although patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) are known to have theory of mind (ToM) impairments, the latter's neural functional bases have yet to be explored. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to gain insights into the neural dysfunction associated with ToM impairments in patients with mTLE. Twenty-five patients (12 and 13 with right and left mTLE, respectively) and 25 healthy controls performed the "animated shapes" task during fMRI.

A 15-day course of donepezil modulates spectral EEG dynamics related to target auditory stimuli in young, healthy adult volunteers.

Objective: To identify possible electroencephalographic (EEG) markers of donepezil's effect on cortical activity in young, healthy adult volunteers at the group level.

Methods: Thirty subjects were administered a daily dose of either 5mg donepezil or placebo for 15days in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over trial. The electroencephalogram during an auditory oddball paradigm was recorded from 58 scalp electrodes.

Characterization and prediction of the recognition of emotional faces and emotional bursts in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Introduction: The present study sought to characterize and predict the recognition of emotional stimuli (presented in a visual or auditory modality) by patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Method: Fifty TLE patients and 50 matched controls performed two emotion recognition tasks (emotional faces and emotional bursts). Neutral stimuli were also presented, and emotional biases were monitored by analyzing errors.

Arousal in response to neutral pictures is modified in temporal lobe epilepsy.

The objectives of the present study were to (i) better characterize visual emotional experience in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), (ii) identify clinical risk factors that might be predictive of a change in emotional experience, and (iii) study the relationships between emotional experience and psychobehavioral/quality-of-life factors. Fifty patients with TLE and fifty matched controls evaluated the emotional content of unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral pictures with respect to their valence (unpleasant-to-pleasant) and arousal (low-to-high) levels. Demographic, cognitive, and psychobehavioral data were recorded for all participants, and clinical data and factors related to quality of life were also collected for patients with TLE.

Characterization and prediction of theory of mind disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have impaired theory of mind (ToM). However, ToM involves a variety of processes, such as understanding a person's intentions ("cognitive" ToM) and emotional states ("affective" ToM). The objectives of the present study were to characterize ToM disorders in TLE patients, identify patients at risk of ToM disorders, and study the relationships between psychobehavioral and quality of life factors and ToM disorders.

Transgenic Tobacco Plants Coexpressing the Agrobacterium tumefaciens iaaM and iaaH Genes Display Altered Growth and Indoleacetic Acid Metabolism.

Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) SR1 plants expressing the Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline transferred DNA iaaH gene were transformed with a 35S-iaaM construct. The transformants displayed several morphological aberrations, such as adventitious root formation on stem and leaves, dwarfism, epinastic leaf growth, increased apical dominance, and an overall retardation in development. In addition, xylem lignification was higher than in wild type.