Phase 3 SELENE study: ibrutinib plus BR/R-CHOP in previously treated patients with follicular or marginal zone lymphoma.

The phase 3 SELENE study evaluated ibrutinib + chemoimmunotherapy (CIT; bendamustine and rituximab [BR]; or rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone [R-CHOP]) for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) follicular lymphoma (FL) or marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). Adult patients who had received ≥1 prior line of CIT were randomized 1:1 to oral ibrutinib (560 mg) or placebo daily, plus 6 cycles of BR/R-CHOP. The primary end point was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS).

Discovery of ethanol-responsive small RNAs in Zymomonas mobilis.

Zymomonas mobilis is a bacterium that can produce ethanol by fermentation. Due to its unique metabolism and efficient ethanol production, Z. mobilis has attracted special interest for biofuel energy applications; an important area of study is the regulation of those specific metabolic pathways.

Parametric amplification of vacuum fluctuations in a spinor condensate.

Parametric amplification of vacuum fluctuations is crucial in modern quantum optics, enabling the creation of squeezing and entanglement. We demonstrate the parametric amplification of vacuum fluctuations for matter waves using a spinor F=2 87Rb condensate. Interatomic interactions lead to correlated pair creation in the mF=±1 states from an initial mF=0 condensate, which acts as a vacuum for mF≠0.

Multiresonant spinor dynamics in a Bose-Einstein condensate.

We analyze the spinor dynamics of a 87Rb F=2 condensate initially prepared in the m(F) = 0 Zeeman sublevel. We show that this dynamics, characterized by the creation of correlated atomic pairs in m(F) = +/-1, presents an intriguing multiresonant magnetic-field dependence induced by the trap inhomogeneity. This dependence is directly linked to the most unstable Bogoliubov spin excitations of the initial m(F) = 0 condensate, showing that, in general, even a qualitative understanding of the pair-creation efficiency in a spinor condensate requires a careful consideration of the confinement.

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of C6-carbazate ketolides.

A novel series of ketolides containing heteroaryl groups that are linked to the erythronolide ring via a C6-carbazate functionality has been successfully synthesized. Careful modulation of the heteroaryl groups, the length and degree of saturation of the C6-carbazate linker, and the substituents present on each of the carbazate nitrogens led to compounds with potent activity against key bacterial respiratory pathogens. The best analogs of this series had in vitro and in vivo (sc dosing) profiles that were comparable to telithromycin.

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 3-O-acyl-6-O-carbamoyl erythromycin A derivatives.

A series of 3-O-acyl-6-O-carbamoyl erythromycin A derivatives has been synthesized. Several functional groups were identified as the optimal C3-substituents, and the best compounds in this series possess potent in vitro antibacterial activity against erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant bacteria.

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of C2-fluoro, C6-carbamate ketolides, and their C9-oximes.

Novel C6-carbamate ketolides with C2-fluorination and C9-oximation have been synthesized. The best compounds in this series displayed MIC values of 0.03-0.

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of C-6 carbamate ketolides, a novel series of orally active ketolide antibiotics.

A new series of antibacterial ketolides is reported, which features the use of a C-6 carbamate for tethering the arylalkyl sidechain to the macrolide core. The best members of this series display in vitro and in vivo activity comparable to telithromycin. Partial epimerization at C-2, unobserved in previously reported ketolides, was noted for this series.

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 3,5-diarylisoxazoles and 3,5-diaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles, novel classes of small molecule interleukin-8 (IL-8) receptor antagonists.

A novel series of 3,5-diarylisoxazole and 3,5-diaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole IL-8 inhibitors has been identified. These compounds exhibit activity in an IL-8 binding assay as well as in a functional assay of IL-8 induced elastase release from neutrophils. In addition, one of the compounds exhibits oral activity in a rat adjuvant arthritis model.

New genes encoding subunits of a cytochrome bc1-analogous complex in the respiratory chain of the hyperthermoacidophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius.

The soxL gene from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (DSM 639) encodes a Rieske iron-sulfur protein. In this study we report the identification of two open reading frames in its downstream region. The first one, named soxN, codes for a membrane protein bearing a resemblance to the b-type cytochromes of the cytochrome bc1 and b6f complexes.

A novel Rieske iron-sulfur protein from the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum: sequencing of the gene, expression in E. coli and characterization of the protein.

The crenarchaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum is with an optimal growth temperature of 100 degrees C one of the most thermophilic organisms known to possess an aerobic respiratory chain. The analysis of DNA sequences from the Pyrobaculum genome project lead to the identification of an open reading frame potentially coding for a Rieske iron-sulfur protein. The complete gene (named parR) was cloned and sequenced.

(E)-alkene Peptide bond isosteres by cuprate opening of vinyl aziridines.

Alkene isosteres are important nonhydrolyzable and rigidified analogs of peptide bonds. The (E-alkene effectively mimics the three-dimensional structure of the amide bond, especially the C(α)( n )-C(α)( n+1 ) distance (Fig. 1).