Purpose: Interdisciplinary tumor boards (ITB) are essential in optimizing treatment recommendations for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) by incorporating oncology guidelines, clinical trials, and patient-specific factors to ensure individualized care. This study examines clinical parameters that influence ITB recommendations, evaluates their adherence to guidelines, and assesses their impact on patient survival.
Methods: In a retrospective analysis, data from 187 mCRPC patients discussed at an ITB in a tertiary care center in 2018 were evaluated.
In the expanding landscape of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) in high-risk (HR) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), the role of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as prognostic and predictive is increasingly significant. However, data evaluating its variability and susceptibility to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy in HR NMIBC patients is scarce. This retrospective study analyzed 126 HR NMIBC tissue samples from 63 patients (38× BCG-treated, 25× BCG-naïve) at two time points to assess PD-L1 expression using the 'combined positivity score' (CPS) with the 22C3 DAKO antibody method and correlated it with clinicopathological parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevious data indicate a role of IL-1 and IL-1RA imbalance in bladder carcinoma (BC); the inhibition of IL-1 signaling might be considered a treatment option. Objective: To assess expression patterns and the prognostic role of IL-1β and IL-1RA in invasive BC and to evaluate their interaction with AKT signaling and proliferation. The study included two independent cohorts of n = 92 and n = 102 patients who underwent a radical cystectomy for BC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFT cell recognition of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-presented tumor-associated peptides is central for cancer immune surveillance. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based immunopeptidomics represents the only unbiased method for the direct identification and characterization of naturally presented tumor-associated peptides, a key prerequisite for the development of T cell-based immunotherapies. This study reports on the implementation of ion mobility separation-based time-of-flight (TOF) MS for next-generation immunopeptidomics, enabling high-speed and sensitive detection of HLA-presented peptides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Radiotherapy constitutes an important therapeutic option for prostate cancer. However, prostate cancer cells often acquire resistance during cancer progression, limiting the cytotoxic effects of radiotherapy. Among factors regulating sensitivity to radiotherapy are members of the Bcl-2 protein family, known to regulate apoptosis at the mitochondrial level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFC-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) is part of the human chemokine system and involved in progression and metastasis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the role of CXCR4 protein expression in RCC remains controversial. In particular, data regarding the subcellular distribution of CXCR4 in RCC and RCC metastasis as well as CXCR4 expression in renal tumors of variant histology are limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough epidemiological studies suggest a lower prostate cancer incidence rate in patients with type 2 diabetes, cancer survival is markedly reduced. Underlying mechanisms that connect the two diseases are still unclear. Potential links between type 2 diabetes and prostate cancer are hallmarks of the metabolic syndrome, such as hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Objective: Asymptomatic microhematuria (aMh) remains a diagnostic challenge in urological practice: while aMh is a risk factor of urothelial carcinoma (UC), prevalence of aMh is high. Guidelines were developed to permit risk stratification and reduce diagnostic workload. This study investigates the efficacy of several recommendations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApproximately 21% of patients with renal cell cancer (RCC) present with synchronous metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, and metachronous metastatic disease occurs in 20-50% of cases within 5 years. Recent advances in adjuvant treatment of aggressive RCC following surgery suggest that biomarker-based prediction of risk for distant metastasis could improve patient selection. Biometrical analysis of TCGA-KIRC data identified candidate loci in the NK6 homeobox 2 gene () that are hypermethylated in primary metastatic RCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous disease comprising histologically defined subtypes. For therapy selection, precise subtype identification and individualized prognosis are mandatory, but currently limited. Our aim was to refine subtyping and outcome prediction across main subtypes, assuming that a tumor is composed of molecular features present in distinct pathological subtypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvailable tests to detect clinically significant prostate cancer frequently lead to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Our study assessed the feasibility of combining a urinary biomarker-based risk score (SelectMDx®) and multiparametric MRI outcomes in order to identify patients with prostate cancer on prostate biopsy with increased accuracy and reliability. Samples of 74 men with suspicion of prostate cancer and available multiparametric MRI were analysed in a prospective cross-sectional study design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The metabolic enzyme nicotinamide-N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is highly expressed in various cancer entities, suggesting tumour-promoting functions. We systematically investigated NNMT expression and its metabolic interactions in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a prominent RCC subtype with metabolic alterations, to elucidate its role as a drug target.
Methods: NNMT expression was assessed in primary ccRCC (n = 134), non-tumour tissue and ccRCC-derived metastases (n = 145) by microarray analysis and/or immunohistochemistry.
Both age-dependent and age-independent alteration of DNA methylation in human tissues are functionally associated with the development of many malignant and non-malignant human diseases. TCGA-KIRC data were biometrically analyzed to identify new loci with age-dependent DNA methylation that may contribute to tumor risk in normal kidney tissue. ANKRD34B and ZIC1 were evaluated as candidate genes by pyrosequencing of 539 tissues, including 239 normal autopsy, 157 histopathologically tumor-adjacent normal, and 143 paired tumor kidney samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe detection of DNA methylation in primary tumor tissues could be relevant for early stratification of aggressive renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) as a basis for future personalized adjuvant therapy. Methylated TCGA KIRC based candidate CpG loci in , and that are possibly associated with RCC metastasis were evaluated by pyrosequencing in 154 paired normal adjacent and primary tumor tissues, as well as in 202 metastatic tissues. Statistical analysis was carried out by bivariate logistic regression for group comparisons, log rank survival analysis, and unsupervised and supervised analysis for the classification of tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) exhibits poor prognosis. Better knowledge of distant metastases is crucial to foster personalized treatment strategies. Here, we aimed to investigate the genetic landscape of metastases, including synchronous and/or recurrent metastases to elucidate potential drug target genes and clinically relevant mutations in a real-world setting of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To evaluate the clinical utility of the urinary bladder cancer antigen test UBC Rapid for the diagnosis of bladder cancer (BC) and to develop and validate nomograms to identify patients at high risk of primary BC.
Patients And Methods: Data from 1787 patients from 13 participating centres, who were tested between 2012 and 2020, including 763 patients with BC, were analysed. Urine samples were analysed with the UBC Rapid test.
Background: Bone formation markers c-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (1CTP) and peptides n-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (P1NP) were reported to be increased in patients with prostate cancer (PC) and bone metastases. The objective of the presented study was to investigate the utility of serum 1CTP and P1NP values in the diagnosis of bone metastases and in predicting oncological outcome in patients with PC.
Methods: In total, serum samples of 186 patients were included retrospectively including 53 (28.
Proteolytic activation of the renal epithelial Na channel (ENaC) involves cleavage events in its α- and γ-subunits and is thought to mediate Na retention in nephrotic syndrome (NS). However, the detection of proteolytically processed ENaC in kidney tissue from nephrotic mice has been elusive so far. We used a refined Western blot technique to reliably discriminate full-length α-ENaC and γ-ENaC and their cleavage products after proteolysis at their proximal and distal cleavage sites (designated from the NH-terminus), respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProstate cancer (PCa) is associated with cellular metabolism alterations leading to changes of the metabolome. So far, studies investigating these alterations mainly focused on comparisons of metabolite profiles of PCa patients and healthy controls. In the present study we compared for the first time metabolite profiles in a significant number of paired urine samples collected before and eight weeks after radical prostatectomy (rPX) in 34 patients with PCa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) is important in the regulation of intra- and extracellular pH in solid tumors, contributing to cell growth and invasion. In urothelial carcinoma (UC), CA9 has been identified as a urinary marker for disease detection, but its biologic role is unknown. To date, differential gene expression patterns of CA9 in various molecular subtypes and potential effects of CA9 inhibition in UC cells are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess accuracy of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) to differentiate uric acid from calcium urinary stones in dual-energy split filter sequential-spiral dual-source acquisition.
Methods: Thirty-four urinary stones (volume 89.0 ± 77.
Background: Receptor activator of NF kappa B (RANK) and its ligand have an essential role in T-cell regulation and the development of bone metastases. The role of RANK expression in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is unknown.
Objective: To assess the relevance of RANK expression in patients with MIBC.
Background: DNA methylation is frequently observed in the development and progression of many human tumors as well as renal cell cancer (RCC). Tumor Associated Calcium Signal Transducer 2 (TACSTD2) participates in cell cycle progression through MAPK signalling pathway activation. Moreover, tumor-specific hypermethylation and association with aggressive cancer characteristics has been found for lung adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma.
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