Oral contraceptive use and malignant melanoma.

There was no overall relationship between a prior history of oral contraceptive (OC) use and the development of melanoma among 141 cases of nonfatal malignant melanoma and 2,820 age-matched controls drawn from respondents to a large postal survey of registered U.S. nurses; crude relative risk (RR) was 0.

Bacteriuria and subsequent mortality in women.

The relation of bacteriuria to subsequent mortality was investigated in population-based cohort data from women living in Jamaica and Wales. Three surveys were done in each location over a 13-year period. Women with 10(5) or more gram-negative bacilli per millilitre of urine in three consecutive cultures over a 3-week span were considered bacteriuric for that survey.

Early age at first birth and decreased risk of breast cancer.

The relationship between age at birth of a first child and breast cancer was evaluated for 1159 affected women and 11,590 women without cancer in data collected in 1976 among married female registered nurses residing in 11 states in the United States. A positive trend of increasing risk of breast cancer with later ages at first birth was found (chi 2(1) for trend in proportions = 30.9, p less than 0.

Lignocaine prophylaxis in acute myocardial infarction: an evaluation of randomised trials.

Although lignocaine has been used in coronary care units for almost two decades, its role in preventing ventricular fibrillation (VF) during acute myocardial infarction (MI) is still debated. Of fifteen randomised trials of lignocaine prophylaxis, most showed no apparent benefit. When the data from all fifteen trials were pooled and a summary relative risk estimate calculated, there was a significant benefit of lignocaine treatment in preventing VF.

Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer.

Among a large cohort of married, female, registered nurses under 55 years of age, oral contraceptive (OC) use was examined in women with ovarian cancer and 470 age-matched controls. Use of OCs before the diagnosis of cancer was reported by 28% of the women with ovarian cancer and 33% of the controls, yielding a relative risk of 0.8 (95% confidence limits 0.

Use of postmenopausal hormones and risk of myocardial infarction.

Information was collected by mail survey about myocardial infarction (MI), use of female hormones after menopause, and coronary risk factors 121,964 registered nurses ages 30-55 years. One hundred twenty-three women with a known type of prior menopause reported hospitalization for MI. Overall, use of female hormones by these women was very similar to that of control women matched for age and type of menopause.

Vitamin supplement use among registered nurses.

A dietary questionnaire which included items relating to the use of specific vitamin preparations was sent to a randomly selected group of 2000 female, registered nurses aged 30 to 59 yr residing in 10 states. Among the 1742 women (87%) who returned completed questionnaires, the rates of use were 38% for multiple vitamins, 4% for specific preparations of vitamin A, 23% for vitamin C, and 15% for vitamin E. Women who used specific preparations of vitamins A, C, and E generally consumed them in quantities many times greater than the RDA.

Trends of lung cancer in northern Florida.

Although the entire state of Florida has experienced an increase in lung cancer mortality during the present decade, a differential rise among white men has been observed in Duval, a county in its northeastern region. This increase is not explained by population changes or migration of cases. It is hypothesized that an industrial exposure involving paper and pulp manufacturing, shipbuilding, or petroleum may account for these findings.

Cigarette smoking and non-fatal myocardial infarction in women.

The relationship between smoking and the risk of hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (MI) was evaluated among 121,964 nurses and aged 30-55 years who resided in 11 of the larger US states and who responded to a mail questionnaire. Among 249 women who experienced an MI, 159 (64%) were smokers at the time of hospitalization. Of 4977 controls matched to the cases on the basis of age, 1850 (37%) were smoking at the corresponding time.

Early menopause and the risk of myocardial infarction.

We evaluated the relation between age at menopause and the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) among 121,964 nurses who responded to a mail questionnaire. Of 279 women who reported having been hospitalized for MI, 123 (44%) were postmenopausal (i.e.

Cardiovascular risk factors among children of men with premature myocardial infarction.

The possible association between fasting glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, blood pressure, and body weight in children and the early occurrence of paternal myocardial infarction (MI) was explored by examination of 91 children of 38 fathers who had experienced MI before they were 50 years old and 86 children of 39 healthy father. The only variables significantly associated with paternal MI were childhood cholesterol (P = .003) and glucose (P = .

Characteristics of respondents and non-respondents to a mailed questionnaire.

In establishing a cohort of U.S. nurses, an assessment of response bias was made comparing respondents and non-respondents with regard to age, education, state of residence, employment status, field of employment, and major specialty.

Ventricular premature beats and coronary risk factors.

Of 10,119 men aged 35 to 57 years studied in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT), ventricular premature beats (VPBs) were more frequent among the 112 men who reported having previously had a myocardial infarction (MI) (22.3%) as well as among the 143 men with a history of diabetes mellitus (13.3%) than among the remaining 9864 (7.

Blood pressure in infant twins: birth to 6 months of age.

To describe the time course of the early development genetic variance for blood pressure, a cohort of twins is being followed from birth to 1 year of age. The present interim report describes systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements for 102 twin pairs (39 monozygotic (MZ) and 63 dizygotic (DZ) in the newborn period and at 1, 3 and 6 months of age. Mean values for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were similar regardless of race, sex, zygosity, or chorionicity.

Retirement and coronary mortality.

Information on several variables, including occupational history and various coronary risk factors, was collected from the wives of 568 married men who died of coronary heart-disease (CHD) and an equal number of matched control subjects. The crude matched-pair relative risk of fatal CHD among men who retired compared with non-retirees was 2.9 (95% confidence limits from 1.

Family history of breast cancer as a risk indicator for the disease.

Family history of breast cancer was examined among 1159 women who themselves had breast cancer and among 11,590 control subjects in a retrospective case-control study conducted in 1976 among a sample of female nurses in the United States. Having a mother with breast cancer increased a woman's risk of developing the disease by 80%, while having a sister with such a history increased the risk by 150%. Adjustment for potential confounding variables by logistic regression analysis did not alter these estimates appreciably.

Oral contraceptive use in relation to nonfatal myocardial infarction.

The relation of oral contraceptive (OC) use to the risk of hospitalization for myocardial infarction (MI) was evaluated among 121,964 US nurses who responded to a mail questionnaire. There were 156 women who reported having been hospitalized for MI before the menopause, and 23 (15%) were OC users at the time of the MI. Of 3120 controls matched to the cases for menopausal status at the time of the MI and for age, 304 (10%) were using OCs at the time of the MI.

Effects of beer, wine, and liquor in coronary deaths.

For a series of 568 married men who died of coronary heart disease and an equal number of matched control subjects, information was collected on a large number of variables, including daily alcohol consumption classified by type of beverage, namely, beer, wine, or liquor. Daily consumption of small to moderate amounts of alcohol (2 oz [59.2mL] or less daily) was inversely related to coronary death.

A longitudinal evaluation of blood pressure in children.

Blood pressure levels obtained on two occasions, one year apart, were evaluated among 212 children. An overall correlation of .65 was obtained for systolic pressure and .