Utility Assessment of a Pharmacy to Dose Daptomycin Protocol: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Pharmacy-to-dose (PTD) services describe an established practice where providers consult pharmacists for various medication dosing. In 2019, several institutions approved a daptomycin protocol, which allowed pharmacists to select doses based on provider-selected indications, renal function, and body mass index (BMI).

Objective: This study aims to determine the utility of a daptomycin PTD consult service.

Machine learning model to study the rugby head impact in a laboratory setting.

The incidence of head impacts in rugby has been a growing concern for player safety. While rugby headgear shows potential to mitigate head impact intensity during laboratory simulations, evaluating its on-field effectiveness is challenging. Current rugby-specific laboratory testing methods may not represent on-field conditions.

Beyond binary: Analyzing closed-source data to compare specific roles and behaviors within violent and nonviolent terrorist involvement.

Increasingly, studies compare risk and protective factors for involvement in violent and nonviolent terrorist behaviors. This exploratory study investigates whether this distinction is sufficient, or whether it should be disaggregated further into more granular terrorist roles and behaviors. Using data on 404 referrals to a UK countering violent extremism Prevent hub specializing in mental health and associated needs, we compare violent and nonviolent referrals, and then more specific behaviors (vulnerability, proactive extremism, foreign fighting, and violence planning).

Employment Characteristics and Tobacco Product Use, U.S., 2021.

Introduction: Over 30 million U.S. working adults use tobacco, and tobacco use varies by occupation.

Reducing Alcohol Use to Prevent Cancer Deaths: Estimated Effects Among U.S. Adults.

Introduction: The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 recommends non-drinking or no more than 2 drinks for men or 1 drink for women in a day. However, even at lower levels, alcohol use increases the risk for certain cancers. This study estimated mean annual alcohol-attributable cancer deaths and the number of cancer deaths that could potentially be prevented if all U.

From cultivation to cancer: formation of -nitrosamines and other carcinogens in smokeless tobacco and their mutagenic implications.

Tobacco use is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality globally. Tobacco products, including smokeless tobacco (ST), generally contain tobacco-specific -nitrosamines (TSNAs), such as '-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-butanone (NNK), which are potent carcinogens that cause mutations in critical genes in human DNA. This review covers the series of biochemical and chemical transformations, related to TSNAs, leading from tobacco cultivation to cancer initiation.

Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, part 2: Early assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on cancer diagnosis.

Background: With access to cancer care services limited because of coronavirus disease 2019 control measures, cancer diagnosis and treatment have been delayed. The authors explored changes in the counts of US incident cases by cancer type, age, sex, race, and disease stage in 2020.

Methods: Data were extracted from selected US population-based cancer registries for diagnosis years 2015-2020 using first-submission data from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries.

The Association of Resilience with Psychosocial Outcomes in Teenagers and Young Adults with Cancer.

There is limited research on the psychological impact of cancer for teenagers and young adults (TYAs) and the role of protective factors such as resilience. This study investigated associations between resilience and psychosocial outcomes in this group. Data were collected from TYAs (aged 16-24) who attended the TYA cancer clinic at Guy's Hospital between 2013 and 2021.

Who Gets Sick From COVID-19? Sociodemographic Correlates of Severe Adult Health Outcomes During Alpha- and Delta-Variant Predominant Periods: September 2020-November 2021.

Background: Because COVID-19 case data do not capture most SARS-CoV-2 infections, the actual risk of severe disease and death per infection is unknown. Integrating sociodemographic data into analysis can show consequential health disparities.

Methods: Data were merged from September 2020 to November 2021 from 6 national surveillance systems in matched geographic areas and analyzed to estimate numbers of COVID-19-associated cases, emergency department visits, and deaths per 100 000 infections.

A Systematic Review of the Psychosocial Measures Used in Teenage and Young Adult Cancer.

Teenagers and young adults (TYAs; ages 16-24 in the United Kingdom) with cancer have specific needs and experience worse physiological and psychological outcomes compared with pediatric and adult cancer. In the United Kingdom, psychosocial screening is a mandatory part of TYA care. However, there is a lack of age-appropriate and acceptable psychosocial measures for this population.

Feasibility of visualizing cancer incidence data at sub-county level: Findings from 21 National Program of Cancer Registries.

Monitoring cancer incidence data by geography is useful for planning public health activities. However, due to anticipated confidentiality and statistical reliability issues, data on cancer incidence and mortality are more often displayed at a national, state, or county level, rather than at more local levels. To address this gap in displaying cancer data at the local level, the CDC's National Environmental Public Health Tracking Program and 21 National Program of Cancer Registries worked together on a pilot project to examine the feasibility of displaying sub-county-level incidence of selected cancer types diagnosed during 2007-2016.

Cancer survival in the United States 2007-2016: Results from the National Program of Cancer Registries.

Background: Cancer survival has improved for the most common cancers. However, less improvement and lower survival has been observed in some groups perhaps due to differential access to cancer care including prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment.

Methods: To further understand contemporary relative cancer survival (one- and five- year), we used survival data from CDC's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) for cancers diagnosed during 2007-2016.

Sustained year-round oceanographic measurements from Rothera Research Station, Antarctica, 1997-2017.

Oceanographic changes adjacent to Antarctica have global climatic and ecological impacts. However, this is the most challenging place in the world to obtain marine data due to its remoteness and inhospitable nature, especially in winter. Here, we present more than 2000 Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles and associated water sample data collected with (almost uniquely) full year-round coverage from the British Antarctic Survey Rothera Research Station at the west Antarctic Peninsula.

Cancer Distribution Among Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Subgroups - United States, 2015-2019.

Non-Hispanic Asian (Asian) and non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) persons represent growing segments of the U.S. population (1).

Residual limb support devices on wheelchairs for people with transtibial amputations: A scoping review and survey of rehabilitation professionals in Nova Scotia.

Purpose: To determine what research evidence exists for the use of residual limb supports (RLSs) for people with transtibial amputations and to describe clinicians' use of such supports in Nova Scotia.

Methods: Scoping review of published and gray literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews as a guide and an anonymous online and paper-based clinician survey.

Results: We identified 22 publications meeting criteria for review.

COVID-19 and Other Underlying Causes of Cancer Deaths - United States, January 2018-July 2022.

Cancer survivors (persons who have received a diagnosis of cancer, from the time of diagnosis throughout their lifespan)* have increased risk for severe COVID-19 illness and mortality (1). This report describes characteristics of deaths reported to CDC's National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), for which cancer was listed as the underlying or a contributing cause (cancer deaths) during January 1, 2018-July 2, 2022. The underlying causes of death, including cancer and COVID-19, were examined by week, age, sex, race and ethnicity, and cancer type.

Trends in breast cancer mortality by race/ethnicity, age, and US census region, United States─1999-2020.

Background: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in the United States. Previous analyses show that breast cancer incidence increased from 1999 to 2018. The purpose of this article is to examine trends in breast cancer mortality.

Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part 1: National cancer statistics.

Background: The American Cancer Society, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Cancer Institute, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries collaborate to provide annual updates on cancer occurrence and trends in the United States.

Methods: Data on new cancer diagnoses during 2001-2018 were obtained from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries' Cancer in North America Incidence file, which is comprised of data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded and National Cancer Institute-funded, population-based cancer registry programs. Data on cancer deaths during 2001-2019 were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics' National Vital Statistics System.

Predicting Transmission Suitability of Mosquito-Borne Diseases under Climate Change to Underpin Decision Making.

The risk of the mosquito-borne diseases malaria, dengue fever and Zika virus is expected to shift both temporally and spatially under climate change. As climate change projections continue to improve, our ability to predict these shifts is also enhanced. This paper predicts transmission suitability for these mosquito-borne diseases, which are three of the most significant, using the most up-to-date climate change projections.

Assessing Physician Resident Contributions to Outpatient Clinical Workload.

Background: Graduate medical education is centered in hospitals despite a care system where patients mostly receive their care in an outpatient setting. Such gaps may exist because of inadequate funding for residency positions in community and hospital-based clinics.

Objective: Determine if physician residents' contribution to outpatient workload offsets their costs for supervision, salary, and fringe benefits as residents acquire skills to become independent practitioners.

Pairing Project ECHO and patient navigation as an innovative approach to improving the health and wellness of cancer survivors in rural settings.

Purpose: We conducted a 12-month pilot study of 2 complementary strategies for improving rural cancer survivorship outcomes: (1) Project ECHO, a telementoring model to increase knowledge and skills about cancer survivorship among multidisciplinary health care provider teams in rural areas and (2) patient navigation (PN) services to connect rural cancer survivors with resources for enhancing health and wellness.

Methods: We recruited 4 CDC-funded National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program sites to implement Project ECHO and PN interventions for a defined rural population in each of their jurisdictions. Sites received ongoing technical assistance and a stipend to support implementation.

An Amine-Reactive Phenazine Ethosulfate (arPES)-A Novel Redox Probe for Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensor.

Electrochemical aptamer-based biosensors (E-ABs) are attractive candidates for use in biomarker detection systems due to their sensitivity, rapid response, and design flexibility. There are only several redox probes that were employed previously for this application, and a combination of redox probes affords some advantages in target detection. Thus, it would be advantageous to study new redox probes in an E-AB system.

An Evaluation of a Virtual Food Safety Program for Low-Income Families: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Low-income families are reported to have a limited knowledge of food safety and resources to follow food safety practices compared with the rest of the population. This paper evaluated a virtual food safety educational program targeting food handlers in low-income families. Trained native speakers of English and Spanish delivered course materials in both languages.