The validity of a regression-based procedure for detecting concealed psychopathology in structured personality assessment.

Positive Impression Management (PIM) predicted scoring of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 2007) is a regression-based procedure designed to inform diagnostic hypotheses when respondents engage in positive response distortion (PRD). Observed scores that deviate above the PIM-predicted score are proposed to indicate areas of true psychopathology that are being concealed by the respondent. To test this proposition, the PAI was administered twice to 334 undergraduate students, using standard instructions and job applicant role-play instructions.

Delivery and assessment of endovascular stents to repair aortic coarctation using MR and X-ray imaging.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of MR and X-ray imaging for characterizing aortic coarctation and flow, and guiding the endovascular catheter to place a stent to repair the coarctation.

Materials And Methods: The descending aorta in eight dogs was looped with elastic band and tightened distal to the subclavian artery. Balanced fast field echo (bFFE) and velocity-encoded cine (VEC) MRI sequences were used for device tracking and measuring aortic flow.

Endovascular interventional MRI.

MR guidance has been used recently to navigate endovascular catheters and deliver stents in large (aorta and pulmonary) and small (coronary, renal, and femoral) arteries, place ASD closure devices, deliver pulmonary valve stents, guide cardiac RF ablations, and perform intramyocardial injections. However, MR visualization of a stent lumen is still a problem and requires more attention. Because of technical limitations and safety concerns associated with the prototype devices used, limited numbers of clinical studies have been performed.

MRI in guiding and assessing intramyocardial therapy.

Cardiovascular intervention, using MRI guidance, is challenging for clinical applications. Real-time imaging sequences with high spatial resolution are needed for monitoring intramyocardial delivery of drug, gene, or stem cell therapies. New generation MR scanners make local intramyocardial and vascular wall therapies feasible.

Limited diagnostic agreement of quantitative sonography of the radius and phalanges with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry of the spine, femur, and radius for diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic agreement of quantitative sonography of the radius and proximal phalanx and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the radius, lumbar spine, and femoral neck for the detection of osteoporosis.

Materials And Methods: In 95 women (mean age, 53 +/- 13 years) and 26 men (mean age, 53 +/- 13 years), DXA measurements of the lumbar spine (posterior-anterior, L1-L4) and the femoral neck, as well as quantitative sonography of the radius and proximal phalanx of the third finger were obtained. The percentage of patients below a given threshold was calculated for each imaging technique.

Automated vessel edge detection in velocity-encoded cine-MR (VEC-MR) flow measurements: a retrospective evaluation in critically ill patients.

Objective: To assess feasibility of automated edge detection in magnetic resonance (MR) flow calculations in a clinical setting with critically ill patients.

Material And Methods: Velocity encoded cine-MR (VEC-MR) flow measurements cross-sectional area (CSA), mean spatial velocity (MSV), instantaneous flow (IF), flow (F), 0.5 T Philips, TR 800-800, TE=8 ms, 30 degrees flip angle, FOV 280 mm, 128 x 256 matrix, temporal resolution 16 time frames/RR, VENC=120 cm/s) were obtained in 20 major thoracic human vessels (ascending aorta, main, right and left pulmonary artery-AAO, MPA, RPA, LPA) of five patients, suffering from severe chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

'The Closer'-percutaneous vascular suture device: evaluation of safety and performance in neuroangiography.

Objective: To evaluate the use of the suture mediated vascular closure device concerning practicability and safety in clinical angiography practice.

Material And Methods: One hundred and seventeen patients (59 female, 58 male, mean age 40.9+/-13.

Brain tumour imaging with PET: a comparison between [18F]fluorodopa and [11C]methionine.

Imaging of amino acid transport in brain tumours is more sensitive than fluorine-18 2-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET). The most frequently used tracer in this field is carbon-11 methionine (MET), which is unavailable for PET centres without a cyclotron because of its short half-life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[(18)F]fluoro-phenylalanine (FDOPA) in this setting, in comparison with MET.

[Flat-screen detector systems in skeletal radiology].

Implementation of flat-panel detectors and digital integration of the technique instead of the use of conventional radiographs leads to a shortening of the work process. With flat-panel technology the image production process is shortened by more than 30%. Major advantages in the implementation of integrated RIS, PACS and flat-panel detector system are increases in quality because most mistakes in picture labeling can be avoided, easier handling without the need for cassettes, and the possibility of image post-processing.

[CT and MRI characteristics of tumours of the temporal bone and the cerebello-pontine angle].

Tumours lesions of the temporal bone and of the cerebello-pontine angle are rare. This tumours can be separated into benign and malignant lesions. In this paper the CT and MRI characteristics of tumours of the temporal bone and the cerebello-pontane angle will be demonstrated.

[Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of acquired abnormalities of the inner ear and cerebello-pontine angle].

CT and MRI of acquired abnormalities of the inner ear and cerebello-pontine angle present themselves with very typical findings. The imaging should be adapted to the pathology looked for and either CT or MRI should be used alone or in combination. CT, especially high resolution CT (HRCT), provides an excellent bone contrast, while MRI has a much superior soft tissue contrast.

Comparison of imaging-guided and non-imaging-guided quantitative sonography of the calcaneus with dual X-ray absorptiometry of the spine and femur.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic agreement between imaging-guided and non-imaging-guided quantitative sonography of the calcaneus and dual X-ray absorptiometry of the spine and femur to show osteoporosis.

Subjects And Methods: In 113 patients (73 women, 59 +/- 14 years old; 40 men, 48 +/- 16 years old), dual X-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine and the proximal femur, imaging-guided quantitative sonography, and non-imaging-guided quantitative sonography of the calcaneus were performed. The percentage of patients having a T-score equal to or less than a threshold of -2.

Suspected pulmonary embolism: enhancement of pulmonary arteries at deep-inspiration CT angiography--influence of patent foramen ovale and atrial-septal defect.

Purpose: To investigate if abnormal early contrast enhancement of the aorta and decreased attenuation of pulmonary arteries at deep-inspiration spiral computed tomographic (CT) angiography might be caused by a patent foramen ovale (PFO).

Materials And Methods: Two hundred forty-four spiral CT angiographic images of the pulmonary arteries obtained during deep inspiration in patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism (PE) were reviewed for evidence of abnormal early enhancement of the aorta. In 45 patients, enhancement of the ascending aorta was equal to or more than that of the pulmonary arteries.

Elimination of errors caused by first-order aliasing in velocity encoded cine-MR measurements of postoperative jets after aortic coarctation: in vitro and in vivo validation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a velocity-encoded cine-MR (VEC-MR) sequence in measuring flow velocities up to two times the velocity encoding value (VENC) in a flow phantom and to validate the method for assessing poststenotic jet velocities in postoperative patients after aortic coarctation. In vitro, a flow phantom was used (0.5T; TR/TE: 51/8 ms, flip angle=30 degrees, FOV=280 mm, 128x256 matrix VENC 40 or 80 cm/s).

Quantitative US of the calcaneus: cutoff levels for the distinction of healthy and osteoporotic individuals.

Purpose: To calculate cutoff levels for quantitative ultrasonography (US) performed to distinguish healthy individuals and those with osteoporosis identified with dual x-ray absorptiometry.

Materials And Methods: In 1,357 patients (856 females, aged 55.1 years +/- 15.

Diagnostic disagreement of imaging quantitative sonography of the calcaneus with dual X-ray absorptiometry of the spine and femur.

Objective: This study evaluates the diagnostic agreement between imaging quantitative sonography of the calcaneus and dual X-ray absorptiometry of the spine and femur for diagnosing osteoporosis.

Materials And Methods: In 498 female patients (56 +/- 18 years old), bone mineral density measurements by dual X-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine (posteroanterior, L1--L4) and the proximal femur and imaging quantitative sonography of the calcaneus were performed. The percentage of patients having T-scores less than or equal to a threshold of -2.

Whole-body vibration exercise leads to alterations in muscle blood volume.

Occupationally used high-frequency vibration is supposed to have negative effects on blood flow and muscle strength. Conversely, low-frequency vibration used as a training tool appears to increase muscle strength, but nothing is known about its effects on peripheral circulation. The aim of this investigation was to quantify alterations in muscle blood volume after whole muscle vibration--after exercising on the training device Galileo 2000 (Novotec GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany).

Primary central nervous system lymphoma in AIDS: a wider spectrum of CT and MRI findings.

Diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) in patients with AIDS based on radiological findings is still a challenging problem. Our purpose was to review the CT and MRI findings in PCNSL in our patients with AIDS and compare them with those reported in the literature. CT and MRI of 28 patients with AIDS and pathologically confirmed PCNSL were analysed retrospectively for the number of lesions, their site, size, density, signal intensity, contrast enhancement, oedema and mass effect.

Rheumatoid arthritis of the craniocervical region: assessment and characterization of inflammatory soft tissue proliferations with unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT.

The aim of this study was to depict and characterize inflammatory soft tissue proliferations caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the craniocervical region by unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT. Computed tomography of the craniocervical region was performed in 35 patients in the axial plane before and after the i.v.

Spiral CT of the lung in children with malignant extra-thoracic tumors: distribution of benign vs malignant pulmonary nodules.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the distribution of benign vs malignant pulmonary nodules which are seen on spiral CT in children with malignant extra-thoracic solid tumors. Seventy-four children with known solid, extra-thoracic tumors underwent spiral CT of the chest. According to the initial and follow-up (interval 9.

Peripheral quantitative CT of the forearm: scanner cross-calibration using patient data.

Bone density measurements by peripheral quantitative CT (pQCT) of the distal radius in 87 women (age 38.4 +/- 12.3 years) were obtained on a both a Stratec XCT 900 and an updated version XCT 1400.

[Bone densitometry: comparative value and limitations of different techniques].

An early diagnosis of osteoporosis and an accurate estimation of treatment outcome are the focus of the radiological efforts. The most commonly applied methods for the evaluation of the peripheral and axial skeleton are dual x-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography, and quantitative ultrasound. Data of an individual are generally compared to an age-, sex-, and ethically-matched control population.

The postoperative spine.

During the last decade, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mostly has replaced computed tomography for evaluation of spinal surgery patients. The inherent advantages of MRI are obvious for this particularly difficult field of imaging. With MRI, it is possible to demonstrate anatomic as well as pathological and iatrogenic changes in three different imaging planes and countless neighboring planes and to obtain a superior view of the complex postoperative situation regardless of the spinal level imaged.

Diagnostic agreement of quantitative sonography of the calcaneus with dual X-ray absorptiometry of the spine and femur.

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic agreement between quantitative sonography of the calcaneus and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the spine and femur for revealing osteoporosis.

Subjects And Methods: In 1252 patients (795 women, 54.9+/-15 years old; 457 men, 50.