Label-Free Dual-Modal Photoacoustic/Ultrasound Localization Imaging for Studying Acute Kidney Injury.

Growing evidence suggests a close link between acute kidney injury (AKI) and disruptions in renal microcirculation. However, current non-invasive tools for quantitatively monitoring structural and functional changes in renal microcirculation remain limited, making early diagnosis difficult. To address this challenge, this work introduces a label-free 3D multi-parametric imaging technique that combines photoacoustic and super-resolution ultrasound imaging.

Single Administration of AAV-mAtp6v1b2 Gene Therapy Rescues Hearing and Vestibular Disorders Caused by Atp6v1b2-Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction in Hair Cells.

Haploinsufficiency of the ATP6V1B2, a subunit of V-ATPases, underlies genetic disorders including Dominant deafness-onychodystrophy (DDOD), deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation and seizures (DOORS), and Zimmermann-Laband syndromes, all characterized by congenital hearing loss and onychodystrophy. Effective therapies for ATP6V1B2-associated hearing loss remain elusive. The study generates a hair cell-specific knockout mouse (Atp6v1b2;Atoh1) recapitulating the human phenotypes, with pathological features including hair cell loss and abnormal lysosomal morphology and function.

M6A Modified miR-31-5p Suppresses M1 Macrophage Polarization and Autoimmune Dry Eye by Targeting P2RX7.

The dysregulation of the M1/M2 macrophage balance plays a pivotal role in autoimmune diseases. However, the interplay between microRNAs (miRNAs) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modulation in regulating this balance remains poorly understood. Here, a significant reduction in miR-31-5p levels is observed in the lacrimal glands of rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) dry eye patients.

TRAF3IP3 Induces ER Stress-Mediated Apoptosis with Protective Autophagy to Inhibit Lung Adenocarcinoma Proliferation.

TNF receptor-associated factor 3 interacting protein 3 (TRAF3IP3/T3JAM) exhibits dual roles in cancer progression. While upregulated in most malignancies and critical for immune regulation. However, the specific effects and molecular mechanisms of TRAF3IP3 on the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains poorly understood.

P21-Activated Kinase 2 as a Novel Target for Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias Associated with Cardiac Adrenergic Stress and Hypertrophy.

Ventricular arrhythmias associated with cardiac adrenergic stress and hypertrophy pose a significant clinical challenge. We explored ventricular anti-arrhythmic effects of P21-activated kinase 2 (Pak2), comparing in vivo and ex vivo cardiomyocyte-specific Pak2 knockout (Pak2) or overexpression (Pak2) murine models, under conditions of acute adrenergic stress, and hypertrophy following chronic transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Pak2 was downregulated 5 weeks following the latter TAC challenge.

Gut microbiota and osteonecrosis: A Mendelian randomization study.

Emerging evidence indicates an association between the gut microbiota and the incidence of osteonecrosis (ON), yet the literature has not adequately addressed whether this relationship is causal. This study uses data from the MiBioGen Consortium and the UK Biobank for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify pathogenic gut microbial taxa associated with ON. Sensitivity analyses confirmed causal relationships, while reverse MR ruled out reverse causation.

Delayed slipped capital femoral epiphysis with hypothyroidism in children: A case report.

Rationale: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a common adolescent hip disorder, but its association with hypothyroidism remains rare and poorly understood. This case highlights the importance of considering endocrine disorders, such as hypothyroidism, as potential risk factors in atypical SCFE presentations, particularly when trauma or other common etiologies are absent.

Patient Concerns: A 14-year-old boy presented with progressive, nontraumatic left hip pain that worsened over 6 weeks, eventually leading to complete immobility.

Impact of hemoglobin level on the association between lipid metabolism and gestational diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study.

To investigate the relationship of hemoglobin (HGB), dyslipidemia, and prepregnancy body mass index with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study included 1046 pregnant women who underwent antenatal examinations at our hospital between July 30th, 2018, and July 30th, 2019. Participants were divided into 2 groups: those with GDM and those without GDM.

Observation on efficacy of autologous platelet rich fibrin combined with ultra-pulsed carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of cancellous bone exposed wounds.

This study is to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) combined with ultra-pulsed carbon dioxide laser in treating cancellous bone-exposed wounds. A total of 65 patients with cancellous bone-exposed wounds were retrospectively analyzed selected. There were 35 cases in ultra-pulsed carbon dioxide laser + PRF group (Laser group, group L), and 30 cases in routine surgical debridement + PRF group (Routine group, group R).

Mendelian randomization-based observational cohort study on drug targets: Impact of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering therapies on inflammatory cytokines.

This study assesses the causal effects of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs on inflammatory cytokines using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. We conducted a drug-targeted MR analysis using data from large-scale genome-wide association studies and eQTL datasets. SNPs near drug target genes served as instrumental variables to investigate the impact of antihypertensive (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors [ACEIs], ARBs) and lipid-lowering drugs (HMGCR inhibitors, proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 [PCSK9] inhibitors, Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 inhibitors) on inflammatory cytokines.

Identification of potential biomarkers associated with oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a multisystem pregnancy disorder characterized by placental and maternal endothelial dysfunction, and affects approximately 5% to 7% of pregnancies worldwide, leading to significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Mounting evidence indicates that placental oxidative stress (OS) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of PE. However, the specific mechanisms associated with OS during the occurrence and progression of PE remain largely unknown.

Formal synthesis of (-)-warburganal and synthesis of (+)-isodrimenin.

The formal divergent synthesis of natural products (-)-warburganal and synthesis of (+)-isodrimenin has been developed from α-hydroxy β,γ-unsaturated aldehyde I, which was easily prepared from available (+)-sclareolide in 5 steps. Reduction of intermediate I to II an aldehyde reduction provides a 10-step access to (-)-warburganal, while oxidation of I to III allylic oxidation and hemiacetalization facilitates a 9-step synthesis of (+)-isodrimenin.

GSDMD-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in marginal cells: A potential driver of inflammation and stria vascularis damage in CIHL.

Inflammation is among the known causes of cisplatin-induced hearing loss (CIHL), but its exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that pyroptosis-a recently identified inflammatory type of regulated cell death dependent on gasdermin D (GSDMD)-was activated in the cochleae of cisplatin-treated mice, causing CIHL. Meanwhile, treatment with the GSDMD inhibitor necrosulfonamide alleviated CIHL in these mice.

Improvement of RT-DETR model for ground glass pulmonary nodule detection.

Currently, pulmonary nodules detection work mostly focus on recognition and diagnosis of solid nodules. However, ground glass nodules have higher probability of malignancy, posing greater identification challenges and thus greater value for detection. To achieve rapid and accurate detection of ground glass nodules.

The study on the adsorption characteristics of anthracite under different temperature and pressure conditions.

The study of the adsorption characteristics of coal is of great significance to gas prevention and CO2 geological storage. To explore the adsorption mechanism of coal, this study focuses on columnar anthracite. Adsorption tests on coal rock under a range of physical field conditions were conducted using the volumetric method.

Remote ischaemic pre-conditioning, kidney injury, and outcomes after coronary angiography and intervention: a randomized trial.

Background And Aims: Remote ischaemic pre-conditioning (RIPC) delivered shortly prior to an angiographic procedure may reduce contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI). Whether a longer interval between RIPC and contrast administration also reduces CA-AKI and post-procedural complications after coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown.

Methods: This was a multicentre, randomized trial of patients at risk of CA-AKI undergoing elective CAG or PCI comparing delayed RIPC (four cycles of 5 min inflations on one upper arm 24 h before the procedure) with sham RIPC.

Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Properties of Fraxinus spp.: A review.

Fraxinus species, with a long history of medicinal use, are diverse in type. All species that feature terminal inflorescences and exhibit a blue-purple fluorescence reaction under sunlight are considered to have medicinal value. However, only four species-Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Fraxinus chinensis, Fraxinus szaboana, and Fraxinus stylosa-are officially recognized in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Cross-Domain Diffusion with Progressive Alignment for Efficient Adaptive Retrieval.

Unsupervised efficient domain adaptive retrieval aims to transfer knowledge from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain, while maintaining low storage cost and high retrieval efficiency. However, existing methods typically fail to address potential noise in the target domain, and directly align high-level features across domains, thus resulting in suboptimal retrieval performance. To address these challenges, we propose a novel Cross-Domain Diffusion with Progressive Alignment method (COUPLE).

SummonBrush: Enhancing Touch Interaction on Large XR User Interfaces by Augmenting Users' Hands with Virtual Brushes.

Touch interaction is one of the fundamental interaction paradigms in XR, as users have become very familiar with touch interactions on physical touchscreens. However, users typically need to perform extensive arm movements for engaging with XR user interfaces much larger than mobile device touchscreens. We propose the SummonBrush technique to facilitate easy access to hidden windows while interacting with large XR user interfaces, requiring minimal arm movements.

High Hole Mobility van der Waals Junction Field-Effect Transistors Based on Te/GaAs for Multimode Photodetection and Logic Applications.

Recently, interface scattering and low mobility have significantly impeded the performance of two-dimensional (2D) P-type transistors. 2D semiconductor tellurium (Te) has garnered significant interest owing to its unique atomic chain crystal structure, which confers ultrahigh hole mobility. van der Waals heterojunction enhances transistor performance by reducing scattering at the gate-channel interface, attributed to its high-quality interface.

Photonic Chip Based on Ultrafast Laser-Induced Reversible Phase Change for Convolutional Neural Network.

Photonic computing has emerged as a promising technology for the ever-increasing computational demands of machine learning and artificial intelligence. Due to the advantages in computing speed, integrated photonic chips have attracted wide research attention on performing convolutional neural network algorithm. Programmable photonic chips are vital for achieving practical applications of photonic computing.

Efficacy and Safety of Third-Generation EGFR-TKIs Combined with Radiotherapy for Advanced NSCLC with Typical EGFR Mutations: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in combination with radiotherapy (RT) for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring typical EGFR mutations.

Methods: Patients who received treatment with third-generation EGFR-TKIs alone or in combination with RT were retrospectively enrolled at a single center. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).

Coumarin-Based Arylpyrazolines: Highly Selective Cu Fluorescent Probes and their AIEE and MFC Properties.

Three novel coumarin-based arylpyrazolines were successfully designed and synthesized. Among them, probe B demonstrated excellent detection capabilities for Cu. According to the fluorescence titration and Job's plot, B could form a complex with Cu in a 2∶1 ratio, the detection limit was 1.

Simplifying the protocol for low-pollution-risk, efficient mouse myoblast isolation and differentiation.

Myoblasts are the primary effector cells that play crucial roles in myogenesis and muscle regeneration following injury. However, isolating purified primary myoblasts from murine skeletal muscle poses challenges for junior researchers. Here, we present a simplified, low-risk, and optimized protocol for the extraction and enrichment of these myogenic progenitor cells.