Deformation and Fracture Behaviour of Heterostructure Mn8/SS400 Bimetal Composite.

This study examines the deformation behaviour and fracture mechanisms of bimetal composites (BCs) composed of high-carbon medium-manganese steel (Mn8) and low-carbon steel (SS400), fabricated through hot roll bonding. The research highlights the effect of varying thickness ratios on the mechanical properties of Mn8/SS400 BCs. The microstructure and interfacial characteristics were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing a well-bonded and defect-free interface with distinct elemental distributions.

Tensile Properties and Constitutive Model of BFRP-Steel-BFRP Composite Plates.

Traditional materials such as steel and concrete often face limitations in terms of corrosion resistance and long-term performance. Over the past few decades, the search for alternative reinforcement solutions has grown, driven by the need for more sustainable, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant materials. Basalt fibers, with their superior mechanical properties and resistance to environmental degradation, have emerged as a promising candidate.

The Fracture Modes of Biomimetic Borosilicate Glass Protective Composite.

The biomimetic structures in nature, such as shells, turtles, and other scaly organisms, inspire the design of transparent protective composites for enhancing their anti-penetration performance. Here, we designed the borosilicate glass composites with nacreous and tortoiseshell structures and examined their mechanical properties and damage mechanisms under high-speed impact using ballistics experiments. The effects of arrangements and tablet size on the dynamic performance of borosilicate glass composites were also investigated.

miR-212-5p Regulates PM-Induced Apoptosis by Targeting LAMC2 and LAMA3.

Fine particulate matter (PM) is often linked to a range of respiratory diseases and cellular damage. Although studies have shown that the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) are altered during lung damage brought on by PM, the underlying functions of miRNAs remain poorly understood. In this research, we explored the role of PM-induced apoptosis in detail and focused on the miRNA (miR-212-5p) that regulates apoptosis.

Proteomics Profiling Reveals Pharmaceutical Excipient PEG400 Induces Nuclear-Receptor-Activation-Affected Lipid Metabolism and Metabolic Enzyme Expression.

PEG400 is widely used as a pharmaceutical excipient in the biomedical field. Increasing evidence suggests that PEG400 is not an inert drug carrier; it can influence the activity of various drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters, thereby affecting the in vivo process of drugs. It can also alleviate obesity and adipose tissue inflammation induced by a high-fat diet.

A Starch Phosphorylase, ZmPHOH, Improves Photosynthetic Recovery from Short-Term Cold Exposure in Maize.

The photosynthetic system of maize () leaves is sensitive to low temperatures and suffers from irreversible damage induced by cold exposure, making cold stress a major factor limiting maize yield. Identifying genes that improve the recovery of photosynthesis from low temperatures in maize will help enhance the cold tolerance of this crop and ensure stable yields. Here, we demonstrate the role of () in promoting photosynthetic recovery from cold damage.

The Mulberry Transcription Factor Participates in Regulating Plant Drought Stress Tolerance.

The sericulture industry is an important component of the agricultural industry. Drought stress can cause yellowing, premature ageing, and the shrinkage of mulberry ( L.) leaves, greatly damaging their quality and restricting the high-quality development of the sericulture industry.

Plants' Overexpression of the MYB Transcription Factor in the Face of Stress Hazards Enhances Salt and Cold Tolerance.

'Beta' ( × ) is a vine fruit tree of the genus Vitis which is a cross between American and riparian grapes. In the current situation of grape production in northern regions, cold, drought, and salinity are important bottlenecks restricting its development, while some grape rootstocks with excellent traits show the disadvantage of poor resilience. 'Beta' ( × ), one of the most extensively utilized rootstocks in viticulture, has demonstrated remarkable resilience to adverse conditions.

Exploring Asthma as a Protective Factor in COVID-19 Outcomes.

Asthma has long been associated with increased susceptibility to viral respiratory infections, leading to significant exacerbations and poorer clinical outcomes. Contrarily and interestingly, emerging data and research surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic have shown that patients with asthma infected with SARS-CoV-2 experienced decreased severity of disease, lower hospitalization rates, as well as decreased morbidity and mortality. Research has shown that eosinophils could enhance immune defense against viral infections, while inhaled corticosteroids can assist in controlling systematic inflammation.

Correlations Between Amelioration of Rotenone-Induced Parkinson's Symptoms by Flavonoids and Gut Microbiota in Mice.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, but the existing therapeutic drugs for PD have limitations; thus, there is an urgent need to discover new methods of prevention and treatment. Crevost et Lemarie (AT) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine and food. Its main pharmacological effect is the regulation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Shrimp Shapes a Nitrite Tolerance Trait via Regulating Autophagy and Apoptosis.

Nitrite is a significant toxic substance that causes acute toxicity in aquatic animals. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying nitrite tolerance remain largely unidentified. Here, we investigated the physiological and transcriptomic profiles of nitrite-sensitive and nitrite-tolerant families of the white shrimp under nitrite stress.

Multiplex PCR-Mass Spectrometry Mini-Sequencing Technology Detected Antibiotic Resistance of to Six Antibiotics.

The abuse of antibiotics has led to widespread resistance to () in the population. There is an urgent need to establish a method to detect multiple antibiotic resistance rapidly. This study aimed to construct a novel strategy for the high-throughput detection of 's resistance to varying antibiotics using multiplex PCR-mass spectrometry mini-sequencing (mPCR-MS mini-sequencing) technology.

ADCY5 Gene Affects Seasonal Reproduction in Dairy Goats by Regulating Ovarian Granulosa Cells Steroid Hormone Synthesis.

Follicle development in dairy goats is lower after induced estrus during the non-breeding season, reducing conception rates and challenging year-round milk supply. This study investigated follicle development during the breeding and non-breeding seasons and explored molecular mechanisms for variations in the proportions of follicles of different sizes using ovarian RNA-seq and in vitro experiments. Induced estrus during the non-breeding season used a simulated breeding season short photoperiod and male effect methods, while the male effect method was used during the breeding season.

Isoliquiritigenin Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice by Activating Brown Adipose Tissue.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a critical regulator of non-shivering thermogenesis and energy expenditure, offering significant potential for addressing obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a natural flavonoid, has shown promising therapeutic effects in lipid metabolism-related diseases. This study aimed to explore the effects of ISL on lipid metabolism and obesity using a high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity model in mice.

The Retinoic-Acid-Related Orphan Receptor Alpha May Be Highly Involved in the Regulation of Seasonal Hair Molting.

Seasonal molting in mammals is a crucial survival strategy, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully characterized. Melatonin, serving as a bridge for the transmission of photoperiod signals, plays a significant regulatory role in animals' seasonal molting, and the physiological regulatory effects of melatonin signaling are highly dependent on the retinoic-acid-related orphan receptor alpha (). Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are the most essential cell type in the process of hair follicle regeneration and seasonal replacement.

Oliv. Bark Extracts Alleviate MCAO/Reperfusion-Induced Neurological Dysfunction by Suppressing Microglial Inflammation in the Gray Matter.

Ischemic stroke ranks as the second leading cause of global mortality. The limited time for effective thrombolytic treatment has prompted the exploration of alternative prevention approaches. () Oliv.

Insights from Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) Proteomic Analysis on Protein Network Modification in Control of Yak Hair Follicle Cycle.

Highland animals have unique hair growth mechanisms to allow them to adapt to harsh living environments. Compared with other species, their hair cycle growth is affected by more environmental factors. Yaks, as highland animals, have obvious periodic hair growth characteristics in a year; this biological process is regulated by numerous proteins, but the specific molecular regulatory mechanism is still unclear.

Paeoniflorin Attenuates APAP-Induced Liver Injury via Intervening the Crosstalk Between Hepatocyte Pyroptosis and NETs.

(1) Liver injury caused by an overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) represents a major public health concern. Paeoniflorin (PF) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and liver-protective effects, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PF on the crosstalk between pyroptosis and NETs in AILI.

Enhancement of Dendrobine Production by CRISPR/Act3.0-Mediated Transcriptional Activation of Multiple Endogenous Genes in Plants.

Dendrobine, a significant medicinal compound, typically accumulates at low concentrations within several species, including , , and . As and are established ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine and have been cultivated extensively, they present ideal plant chassis for upscaling dendrobine production for industrial and research applications. This study employed two approaches: the ectopic overexpression of seven genes through multigene stacking and the activation of multiple key endogenous genes in the dendrobine synthesis pathway using CRISPR/Act3.

-Lactate Administration Improved Synaptic Plasticity and Cognition in Early 3xTg-AD Mice.

Synaptic plasticity impairment and behavioral deficits constitute classical pathological hallmarks in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). Emerging evidence suggests these synaptic dysfunctions may stem from metabolic dysregulation, particularly impaired aerobic glycolysis. As a key product of astrocyte-mediated aerobic glycolysis, lactate serves dual roles as both an energy substrate and a signaling molecule, playing a critical regulatory role in synaptic plasticity and long-term memory formation.

Arthrocolin B Impairs Adipogenesis via Delaying Cell Cycle Progression During the Mitotic Clonal Expansion Period.

Obesity and its related diseases severely threaten people's health, causing persistently high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The abnormal proliferation and hypertrophy of adipocytes mediate the expansion of adipose tissue, which is the main cause of obesity-related diseases. Inhibition of cell proliferation during the mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) period of adipogenesis may be a promising strategy for preventing and treating obesity.

Regulation of the H1 Type VI Secretion System by the Transcriptional Regulator NfxB in .

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a widely distributed molecular apparatus found in most Gram-negative bacteria. Studies show that T6SSs have functions in bacterial virulence, inter- and intra-bacterial competition, and environmental adaptation. , an opportunistic pathogen, harbors three T6SS gene clusters that perform diverse roles in clinical infection.

: A Model Organism in Muscular Dystrophy Studies.

Muscular dystrophy is a group of complicated, genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. Due to the intricate nature, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying muscular dystrophy presents significant challenges. , as a versatile and genetically tractable model organism, offers substantial advantages in muscular dystrophy research.

MicroRNA-21 Promotes the Viability, Proliferation and Milk Fat Synthesis of Ovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Targeting .

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short endogenous non-coding RNAs and play important roles in regulating mammary development and activities of ovine mammary epithelial cells (OMECs), which affect the milk yield and milk ingredient contents of ewes. We previously found that miR-21 was highly expressed in ovine mammary tissue, while the regulatory mechanisms of miR-21 underlying mammary development and lactation performance are still unclear. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the functions of miR-21 in the activities of OMECs, and validated the target relationship of miR-21 with a predicted target gene programmed cell death 4 () by a dual-luciferase reporter assay.

Wheat Yellow Mosaic Virus P1 Inhibits ROS Accumulation to Facilitate Viral Infection.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as signaling molecules, play a crucial role in the plant immune response. However, the mechanism(s) by which viruses affect ROS metabolism remain largely unexplored. Here, we found that wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV)-encoded P1 is a pathogenic protein.