Cobalt nanoclusters promoted coordination-field enhancement of manganese single atoms for robust alkaline oxygen reduction reaction.

Bimetallic component catalysts, especially those with heteronucleation active sites, have recently attracted significant attention due to multi-component synergism and fast electron transfers. Herein, we report an architecture of dual-metal Mn/Co components loaded catalyst (MnCo-20) derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) through simple wet-chemical synthesis followed by pyrolysis. By using various advanced characterization techniques, we confirm that Co exists in the form of nanoclusters and Mn exists as single atoms on the nitrogen-doped carbon support.

Renqing Changjue alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by regulating renin-angiotensin system and inhibiting inflammatory response.

Sepsis, with high morbidity and mortality, represents a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. A common consequence of sepsis is acute lung injury (ALI). Renqing Changjue (RQCJ), a renowned prescription in traditional Tibetan medicine, is reported to have anti-inflammatory effects.

IDR-driven TOLLIP condensates antagonize the innate antiviral immunity by promoting the deSUMOylation of MAVS.

Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is a central adaptor protein in retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) signaling against RNA viral infection. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play a critical role in modulating the activity of MAVS. However, how phase separation regulates the PTMs to fine-tune MAVS activation remains to be elucidated.

Effect of co-fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the structural, physicochemical, and digestibility properties of lotus starch.

Background: Microbial fermentation is regarded as the best bioimprovement technique for changing the physicochemical characteristics and structural makeup of carbohydrates. In the present study, lotus root starch (LRS) was co-fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. The effects of single- and mixed-strain fermentation on the structure, physicochemical properties and digestibility of starch were investigated at different fermentation times.

Enhanced Chemiluminescence Induced by Natural Light-Driven MIL-100(Fe)/TiO for Dopamine Detection.

Luminol-based chemiluminescence (CL) systems, as a powerful tool for bioanalysis, are limited owing to their weak CL intensity and self-decomposition of the classic oxidant HO. Herein, we introduced a new luminol CL enhancer, the natural light-driven photocatalyst MIL-100(Fe)/TiO, for the selective determination of dopamine (DA). By employing MIL-100(Fe)/TiO for the first time as an efficient enhancer, the MIL-100(Fe)/TiO-luminol CL intensity was 100 times higher than that of the classical HO-luminol system.

Obesity Limits Utility of Vertebral Bone Quality Score for Opportunistic Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Screening in Cervical Surgery Patients.

Study Design: Comparative study.

Objective: The vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score is a validated opportunistic screening tool for bone mineral density (BMD). Obesity, often associated with hyperlipidemia and fat infiltration, may result in lower VBQ-derived BMD.

Role of epicardial adipose tissue in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: An emerging molecular mechanism and therapeutic potential.

With the evolving landscape of diseases, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) now encompasses more than half of all heart failure patients. This condition is clinically diverse, involving multiple organ systems and often occurring alongside the aging process. To deeply investigate the common pathogenesis of HFpEF and to explore new therapeutic approaches is of great significance for the treatment of HFpEF.

2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl: a new potential targeted ligand based on lipid peroxidation for targeted drug delivery.

The side effects of chemotherapy drugs have prompted the development of targeted therapies. Distinctive abundance of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in tumour cells represents a potential target for drug delivery. However, LPO-based targeted ligands remain under-exploited.

Dynamic Monitoring of Circulating Tumor DNA to Predict the Risk of Non In Situ Recurrence of Postoperative Glioma: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Glioma recurrence can be divided into in situ recurrence and non-in situ recurrence, and the mutation evolution of gliomas with different recurrence patterns is still unknown. We used sequential sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to compare the somatic mutation profile and clonal evolution of gliomas with different recurrence patterns. To investigate the value of ctDNA in predicting early postoperative tumor recurrence and guiding prognosis stratification in patients with glioma.

Cerebral Blood Flow Changes and Their Spatial Correlations With GABAa and Dopamine-D1 Receptor Explaining Individual Differences in Chronic Insomnia and the Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture.

This study integrated neuroimaging and neurochemistry data to explore brain mechanisms in chronic insomnia disorder (CID) and the neuromodulatory effects of acupuncture. We analyzed a cross-sectional arterial spin labeling (ASL) dataset (N = 197) of CID patients and healthy controls to identify cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes. Additionally, a longitudinal ASL dataset (N = 44) examined CBF changes in CID patients after a 4-week acupuncture treatment or on a waitlist.

Deep learning-based weed detection for precision herbicide application in turf.

Background: Precision weed mapping in turf according to its susceptibility to selective herbicides allows the smart sprayer to spot-spray the most pertinent herbicides onto the susceptible weeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing herbicide susceptibility-based weed mapping using deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) to facilitate targeted and efficient herbicide applications. Additionally, applying path-planning algorithms to weed mapping data to guide the spraying nozzle ensures minimal travel paths for herbicide application.

Why is it so clean under the apple trees: discovery of novel phloretin derivatives as potential herbicidal agents.

Background: Weeds are a serious problem in worldwide agricultural production. Natural products are a notable source for discovering new lead compounds. Phloretin is a dihydrochalcone compound which was discovered in 1835 and named after its concentrated content in roots, stems or bark of fruits.

Ezh2 Regulates Early Astrocyte Morphogenesis and Influences the Coverage of Astrocytic Endfeet on the Vasculature.

Astrocytes are crucial for central nervous system (CNS) development and function, with their differentiation being stringently controlled by epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone modifications. Enhancer of Zeste Homologue 2 (EZH2), a histone methyltransferase, is essential for the suppression of gene expression. However, the role of EZH2 in astrocyte early morphogenesis has remained unclear.

Interruptions and downtime of continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill adults: A retrospective observational study.

Background: The effective treatment time of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is significantly important. Downtime caused by interruptions is still unclear during a circuit filter.

Aim: This study aimed to analyse the interruptions and downtime during a circuit filter through the data recorded by the internal data storage cards of the CRRT machine.

A VSV-based oral rabies vaccine was sentineled by Peyer's patches and induced a timely and durable immune response.

The global eradication of canine-mediated human rabies remains an ongoing public health priority. While conventional oral rabies vaccines (ORVs) have demonstrated partial success in interrupting zoonotic transmission, current formulations necessitate improvements in both immunogenic profiles and mechanistic clarity. Herein, we present a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-vectored vaccine candidate (rVSVΔG-ERA-G) engineered to express the glycoprotein of the rabies virus (RABV) ERA strain, substituting the native VSV glycoprotein.

Time-Sensitive Antibiotic Adjustments in Gram-Negative Bacteremia: A Survival Perspective.

BACKGROUND This retrospective study was designed to assess risk factors for increased 30-day mortality from bacteremia caused by Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae and to calculate the optimal point of time for patients to move from inappropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy to appropriate treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from 610 patients with a diagnosis of E. coli- and K.

Multifunctional Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SQ1 from Baijiu Daqu: Application of histamine degradation and probiotic potential in yogurt production.

Yogurt in this study is a milk drink with probiotics added during the fermentation process and has a variety of ingredients. To identify microorganisms capable of efficiently degrading histamine, thereby enhancing yogurt's quality and safety. This study focused on screening Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L.

Automated and explainable machine learning for monitoring lipid and protein oxidative damage in mutton using hyperspectral imaging.

Current detection methods for lipid and protein oxidation using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in conjunction with machine learning (ML) necessitate the involvement of data scientists and domain experts to adjust the model architecture and tune hyperparameters. Additionally, prediction models lack explainability in the predictive outcomes and decision-making process. In this study, ML, automated machine learning (AutoML) and automated deep learning (AutoDL) models were developed for visible near-infrared HSI of mutton samples treated with different freeze-thaw cycles to evaluate the feasibility of building prediction models for lipid and protein oxidation without manual intervention.

Profiling of FAHFAs in edible oils by chemical isotope labeling-assisted LC-MS: Impact of refining on FAHFA levels in rice bran oil.

Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are bioactive lipids with promising health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, and cardio-protective effects. Herein, the diversity and levels of FAHFAs in 16 common and exotic plant oils using the chemical isotope labeling-assisted LC-MS (CIL-LC-MS) approach revealed 236 regioisomers from 57 FAHFA families, with rice bran oil (RBO) showing the highest FAHFA content (6.12 μg/g), followed by avocado oil (AO; 2.

Metabolomics combined with network pharmacology reveals the effects of ripening stages and edible parts on bioactive ingredients of Luohan Guo (Siraitia grosvenorii).

Luohan Guo (Siraitia grosvenorii) is a traditional food homologous fruit in China, which is famous owing to its rich natural antioxidant secondary metabolites. However, the impacts of ripening stages and edible parts on high-resolution metabolic profiles of Luohan Guo are poorly understood till now, greatly limiting its comprehensive utilization. In this study, an LC-QTOF/MS-based non-targeted metabolomics approach was carried out to reveal the dynamic accumulation of metabolites in the peel and pulp of Luohan Guo across seven growth stages, and further revelation their potential pharmacological activities and mechanisms in the treatment of oxidative stress using the network pharmacology strategy.

American ginseng fruit: Antioxidant capacity, bioactive components, and biosynthesis mechanism during development.

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is considered as a functional food and a medicinal plant, with its fruit containing valuable bioactive ingredients. However, limited knowledge is available regarding its antioxidant capacity, variation in bioactive components, and biosynthetic pathways at various growth stages. The present study examined the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the American ginseng fruit from Wendeng, Shandong at various growth stages, and conducted metabolomic as well as transcriptomic analyses to elucidate the accumulation patterns and biosynthesis of bioactive compounds.

Determination of quality differences and origin tracing of green tea from different latitudes based on TG-FTIR and machine learning.

Latitude differences can significantly affect the quality of tea, while in-depth research in this field is lacking. This study investigates green teas from different latitudes in China using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with infrared spectroscopy and machine learning methods. Industrial and elemental analyses were first conducted to characterize their physicochemical properties.

Plant-based oat peptides as cryoprotectants mitigate freezing damage to Lactobacillus bulgaricus CICC 22163.

The freezing process leads to the death of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), making cryoprotection a significant research focus. In this study, plant-derived oat peptides demonstrated effective cryoprotective effects against Lactobacillus bulgaricus. First, the oat peptide extraction process was optimized with cell viability as the indicator: the yield was found to be 59.

Feeding systems change yak meat quality and flavor in cold season.

Yak meat is in high demand due to its unique flavor. Thus this research utilized GC × GC-ToF-MS to discover important flavor compounds in yak meat raised during the cold season under different feeding systems: traditional grazing (TG), grazing-based supplementation (GS), and stall-feeding (SF). Meat quality results showed that SF significantly improved meat's lightness and tenderness (P < 0.

Isolation and characterization of Salmonella Typhimurium monophasic variant phage and its application in foods.

Salmonella Typhimurium monophasic variant (STm) is an emerging Salmonella serotype that causes food poisoning through the contamination of various foods, including animal products, vegetables, and fruits. In particular, the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant STm highlights the urgent need to develop effective strategies to control this pathogen. In this work, a novel and broad-spectrum Salmonella phage named vB_Sal_TmvP009 was isolated and characterized.