RS24090, a TetR family transcriptional repressor, negatively affects the rimocidin biosynthesis in Streptomyces rimosus M527.

The TetR family of regulators (TFRs), commonly reported as repressors, plays a role in regulating secondary metabolite production in Streptomyces. In this study, we sought to elucidate the relationship between TFRs and rimocidin production of Streptomyces rimosus M527. Through transcriptomic analysis, we identified the protein RS24090, which exhibited significant differential expression.

3D Printing Hierarchical Porous Nanofibrous Scaffold for Bone Regeneration.

Current limitations in 3D printing pose significant challenges for the fabrication of hierarchical 3D scaffolds with nanofibrous structures that simulate the natural bone extracellular matrix (ECM) for enhanced bone regeneration. This study presents an innovative approach to 3D printing customized hierarchical porous scaffolds with nanofiber structures using biodegradable nanofibrous microspheres as the bio-ink. In vitro investigations demonstrate that the hierarchical porous architecture substantially enhances cell infiltration and proliferation rates, while the nanofiber topology provides physical cues to guide osteogenic differentiation and ECM deposition.

The Roles of Molecular Concavities in the Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Giant Tetrahedra for CO Uptake.

Giant tetrahedral molecules have sparked significant interest in the past decade due to their unique and diverse supramolecular nanostructures. The longer and bulkier peripheral substituents create deep molecular concavities and thus contribute to the different self-assembly behaviors compared to the conventional small tetrahedral molecules. In this study, a molecular giant tetrahedra, TetraNDI, was synthesized to investigate the important roles of the molecular concavities in the self-assembly mechanism.

Overcoming Microstructural Defects at the Buried Interface of Formamidinium-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.

Since the advent of formamidinium (FA)-based perovskite photovoltaics (PVs), significant performance enhancements have been achieved. However, a critical challenge persists: the propensity for void formation in the perovskite film at the buried perovskite-interlayer interface has a deleterious effect on device performance. With most emerging perovskite PVs adopting the p-i-n architecture, the specific challenge lies at the perovskite-hole transport layer (HTL) interface, with previous strategies to overcome this limitation being limited to specific perovskite-HTL combinations; thus, the lack of universal approaches represents a bottleneck.

ECM-Mimicking Strontium-Doped Nanofibrous Microspheres for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration in Osteoporosis.

Regenerating periodontal defects in osteoporosis patients presents a significant clinical challenge. Unlike the relatively straightforward regeneration of homogeneous bone tissue, periodontal regeneration requires the intricate reconstruction of the cementum-periodontal ligament-alveolar bone interface. Strontium (Sr)-doped biomaterials have been extensively utilized in bone tissue engineering due to their remarkable pro-osteogenic attributes.

Piezo1 contributes to alveolar bone remodeling by activating β-catenin under compressive stress.

Introduction: The mechanosensitive ion channel, Piezo1, is responsible for transducing mechanical stimuli into intracellular biochemical signals and has been identified within periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). Nonetheless, the precise biologic function of Piezo1 in the regulation of alveolar bone remodeling by PDLCs during compressive forces remains unclear. Therefore, this study focused on elucidating the role of the Piezo1 channel in alveolar bone remodeling and uncovering its underlying mechanisms.

Screening and Identification of a Strain with Protease and Phytase Activities and Its Application in Soybean Meal Fermentation.

The aims of the study were to degrade the anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) such as phytic acid, glycinin, and β-conglycinin and improve the values of soybean meal (SBM). Firstly, in this study, a strain PY-4B which exhibited the best enzymatic activities of protease (403.3 ± 17.

RNA Helicase DDX6 Regulates A-to-I Editing and Neuronal Differentiation in Human Cells.

The DEAD-box proteins, one family of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), participate in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression with multiple aspects. Among them, DDX6 is an essential component of the cytoplasmic RNA processing body (P-body) and is involved in translational repression, miRNA-meditated gene silencing, and RNA decay. In addition to the cytoplasmic function, DDX6 is also present in the nucleus, but the nuclear function remains unknown.

Cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate regulates the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs via MAPK and NF-κB signaling.

Cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is a bacterial second messenger that can be recognized by infected host cells and activate the immunoinflammatory response. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effect of c-di-AMP on the differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and its underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we find that the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with chronic periodontitis has a higher expression level of c-di-AMP than that of healthy people.

Benzimidazolone-Dioxazine Pigments-Based Conjugated Polymers for Organic Field-Effect Transistor.

Molecules based on benzimidazolone-dioxazine are known as blue/violet pigments and have been commercialized for decades. However, unfavorable solubility limits the application of these structures as building blocks of conjugated polymers despite their low band gaps. Herein, a series of donor-acceptor conjugated polymers containing soluble benzimidazolone-dioxazine structures as the acceptors and oligothiophene as donors are synthesized and investigated.

Connecting Molecular and Supramolecular Shapeshifting by the Ostwald's Nucleation Stages of a Star Giant Molecule.

The shapeshifting behavior for synthetic matters was found at either the molecular or supramolecular level, but the connection between shapeshifting at the two hierarchical levels remains missing. In this study, an 8-arm star giant molecule, , was synthesized to connect the molecular and supramolecular shapeshifting. Controlling the conditions of bulk self-assembly allowed us to bring into three different Ostwald's stages of nucleation.

Protein X0P338, a GntR-type pleiotropic regulator for morphological differentiation and secondary metabolites production in Streptomyces diastatochromogenes 1628.

The nucleoside antibiotic, toyocamycin (TM) exhibits excellent potent activity against several phytopathogenic fungi. Despite its importance, little is known about key factors regulating TM biosynthesis and morphological differentiation in Streptomyces diastatochromogenes 1628. Based on proteomics data obtained from the analysis between wild-type (WT) S.

Host-guest chemistry of giant molecular shape amphiphiles based on POSS-PDI conjugates.

Giant shape amphiphiles (GSA) are giant molecules made with nano-building blocks that have distinct shapes. The incompatible packing behaviors of the nano-building blocks of GSA could create cavities within certain conformers of the GSA, but the host-guest chemistry of GSA has not been explored yet. In this study, POSS-PDI-POSS (PPP), which is made by connecting two nano-cubes, isobutyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), to a conjugated π-conjugated core, perylene diimide (PDI), is demonstrated as a novel acyclic synthetic host.

Adaptive molecular quaternary clips made with pyrene functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane.

Evolving synthetic molecules toward complex structures is a major goal in supramolecular chemistry. Increasing the number of clips in a unimolecular multi-clip (UMC), although vital to elevate the complexity of supramolecular architectures, often prevents the UMC from forming host-guest complexes in the bulk phase. To overcome this difficulty, adaptive chemistry was applied to develop a novel adaptive unimolecular quaternary clip (Q-clip).

Expression and function of cartilage-derived pluripotent cells in joint development and repair.

Cartilage-derived pluripotent cells reside in hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage. These cells have the potential for multidirectional differentiation; can undergo adipogenesis, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis; and have been classified as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) conforming to the minimal criteria of the International Society for Cellular Therapy. Cartilage tissue is prone to injury and is difficult to repair.

Place of death for hospice-cared terminal patients with cancer: A nationwide retrospective study in Taiwan.

Background: Hospice care has been part of the Taiwan health-care system for 20 years. Detailed information on the place of death for terminal cancer patients is lacking. Impending death discharge (IDD) is unique in Taiwan, and our study aims to compare IDD with in-hospice death among terminal cancer patients under hospice care.

Chemical doping of a core-shell silicon nanoparticles@polyaniline nanocomposite for the performance enhancement of a lithium ion battery anode.

New silicon based anodic materials in lithium ion batteries (Si-based LIBs) have been developed worldwide to overcome capacity decay during the lithiation/delithiation process. In this study, a composite of Si nanoparticles coated with 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (SPA) doped polyaniline (core/shell SiNPs@PANi/SPA) was prepared and applied as an anode material for LIB applications. The detailed structure of the core/shell SiNPs@PANi/SPA composite was characterized using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy before and after charging/discharging.

Effects of enamel matrix derivative on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells.

Introduction: Gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) have recently been harvested and applied for rebuilding lost periodontal tissue. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been used for periodontal regeneration and the formation of new cementum with inserting collagen fibers; however, alveolar bone formation is minimal. Recently, EMD has been shown to enhance the proliferation and mineralization of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Iris recognition using possibilistic fuzzy matching on local features.

In this paper, we propose a novel possibilistic fuzzy matching strategy with invariant properties, which can provide a robust and effective matching scheme for two sets of iris feature points. In addition, the nonlinear normalization model is adopted to provide more accurate position before matching. Moreover, an effective iris segmentation method is proposed to refine the detected inner and outer boundaries to smooth curves.