Lithocholic acid binds TULP3 to activate sirtuins and AMPK to slow down ageing.

Lithocholic acid (LCA) is accumulated in mammals during calorie restriction and it can activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to slow down ageing. However, the molecular details of how LCA activates AMPK and induces these biological effects are unclear. Here we show that LCA enhances the activity of sirtuins to deacetylate and subsequently inhibit vacuolar H-ATPase (v-ATPase), which leads to AMPK activation through the lysosomal glucose-sensing pathway.

Lithocholic acid phenocopies anti-ageing effects of calorie restriction.

Calorie restriction (CR) is a dietary intervention used to promote health and longevity. CR causes various metabolic changes in both the production and the circulation of metabolites; however, it remains unclear which altered metabolites account for the physiological benefits of CR. Here we use metabolomics to analyse metabolites that exhibit changes in abundance during CR and perform subsequent functional validation.

Dysbiosis and interactions of the salivary bacteriome in obese individuals: A human cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity is continually rising worldwide, posing a risk for the development of various serious diseases. The pathogenesis of obesity is complex and recent research suggests a link between obesity and the oral microbiome, though the specific mechanisms remain unclear.

Material And Methods: We collected saliva samples from 9 non-obese and 13 obese participants and conducted 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze the differences in oral microbiota between obese and non-obese individuals in terms of microbial abundance, functionality, and interaction networks.

Process Optimization of Scaled-Up Production and Biosafety Evaluation of the Dimethyl-Dioctadecyl-Ammonium Bromide/Poly(lactic acid) Nano-Vaccine.

Nano-adjuvant vaccines could induce immune responses and enhance immunogenicity. However, the application and manufacturing of nano-adjuvant is hampered by its challenging scale-up, poor reproducibility, and low security. Therefore, the present study aimed to optimize the preparation nanoparticles (NPs) using FDA-approved biopolymer materials poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and cationic lipid didodecyl-dimethyl-ammonium bromide (DDAB), develop the scale-up process, and evaluate the stability and biosafety of it.

A Fast-Tracking-Particle-Inspired Flow-Aided Control Approach for Air Vehicles in Turbulent Flow.

Natural phenomena such as insect migration and the thermal soaring of birds in turbulent environments demonstrate animals' abilities to exploit complex flow structures without knowledge of global velocity profiles. Similar energy-harvesting features can be observed in other natural phenomena such as particle transport in turbulent fluids. This paper presents a new feedback control approach inspired by experimental studies on particle transport that have recently illuminated particles' ability to traverse homogeneous turbulence through the so-called fast-tracking effect.