Transcriptome-wide N-methyladenosine methylation profile of atherosclerosis in mice.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a critical pathological event during the progression of cardiovascular diseases. It exhibits fibrofatty lesions on the arterial wall and lacks effective treatment. N-methyladenosine (mA) is the most common modification of eukaryotic RNA and plays an important role in regulating the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases.

Ketogenic diet and β-Hydroxybutyrate alleviate ischemic brain injury in mice via an IRAKM-dependent pathway.

Ketogenic diet (KD) is a classical nonpharmacological therapy that has recently been shown to benefit cerebral ischemia, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of KD pretreatment and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB, bioactive product of KD) post-treatment in a mouse model of temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Neurological function, infarct volume, as well as inflammatory reactions are evaluated 24 h after ischemia.

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Temporin-GHc and Temporin-GHd Against Cariogenic Bacteria, .

Temporin-GHc (GHc) and temporin-GHd (GHd) produced by the frog had shown broad-spectrum antibacterial activities against bacteria and fungi. In this study, we investigated whether they exert antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against cariogenic bacteria, . GHc and GHd adopt the random coil conformation in aqueous solution and convert to α-helix in membrane mimetic environments by using circular dichroism spectroscope.

Brevinin-GR23 from frog with antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against .

Brevinin-GR23 (B-GR23) was a brevinin-2 like antimicrobial peptide, which had antimicrobial activity against with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 μM. B-GR23 increased the bacterial membrane permeation, leading to the damage of membrane integrity and the leakage of genomic DNA, then causing the cell death. The peptide nearly inhibited all plantonic bacteria to start the initial attachment of biofilm at the concentration of 1 × MIC.

Molecular cloning and characterization of antimicrobial peptides from skin of Hylarana guentheri.

The cDNAs encoding antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the skin of Hylarana guentheri were identified, namely temporin (five peptides, termed temporin-GHa-GHd and temporin-GUa), brevinin-1 (one peptide, brevinin-1GUb), and brevinin-2 (eight peptides, brevinin-2GHd-2GHj, and brevinin-2GHb). Eleven of the 14 peptides have novel primary structures. Synthesized temporin GHa-GHd have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), as well as fungus (Candida albicans).