ROS-responsive hydrogels: from design and additive manufacturing to biomedical applications.

Hydrogels with intricate 3D networks and high hydrophilicity have qualities resembling those of biological tissues, making them ideal candidates for use as smart biomedical materials. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive hydrogels are an innovative class of smart hydrogels, and are cross-linked by ROS-responsive modules through covalent interactions, coordination interactions, or supramolecular interactions. Due to the introduction of ROS response modules, this class of hydrogels exhibits a sensitive response to the oxidative stress microenvironment existing in organisms.

Microfluidic sweat patch based on capillary force and evaporation pump for real-time continuous sweat analysis.

In addition to the common blood and urine, fresh sweat contains a diverse range of physiological indicators that can effectively reflect changes in the body's state. Wearable sweat sensors are crucial for understanding human physiological health; however, real-time measurement of multiple biomarkers in sweat remains a significant challenge. Here, we propose a wearable microfluidic patch featuring an integrated microfluidic channel and evaporation pump for accelerated and continuous sweat collection, eliminating the need for additional sweat storage cavities that typically impede real-time detection.

Polyphenolic Platform Ameliorated Sanshool for Skin Photoprotection.

Natural evolution has nurtured a series of active molecules that play vital roles in physiological systems, but their further applications have been severely limited by rapid deactivation, short cycle time, and potential toxicity after isolation. For instance, the instability of structures and properties has greatly descended when sanshool is derived from Zanthoxylum xanthoxylum. Herein, natural polyphenols are employed to boost the key properties of sanshool by fabricating a series of nanoparticles (NPs).

Biomimetic Polyphenolic Scaffolds with Antioxidative Abilities for Improved Bone Regeneration.

Bone defects have a severe impact on the health and lives of patients due to their long-lasting and difficult-to-treat features. Recent studies have shown that there are complex microenvironments, including excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Herein, a surface functionalization strategy using metal-polyphenolic networks was used, which was found to be beneficial in restoring oxidative balance and enhancing osseointegration.

All-Optically Controlled Artificial Synapses Based on Light-Induced Adsorption and Desorption for Neuromorphic Vision.

Artificial synapses with the capability of optical sensing and synaptic functions are fundamental components to construct neuromorphic visual systems. However, most reported artificial optical synapses require a combination of optical and electrical stimuli to achieve bidirectional synaptic conductance modulation, leading to an increase in the processing time and system complexity. Here, an all-optically controlled artificial synapse based on the graphene/titanium dioxide (TiO) quantum dot heterostructure is reported, whose conductance could be reversibly tuned by the effects of light-induced oxygen adsorption and desorption.

A Minimum Cost Consensus-Based Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Framework Considering Experts' Limited Compromise and Tolerance Behaviors.

This study proposes a minimum cost consensus-based failure mode and effect analysis (MCC-FMEA) framework considering experts' limited compromise and tolerance behaviors, where the first behavior indicates that a failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) expert might not tolerate modifying his/her risk assessment without limitations, and the second behavior indicates that an FMEA expert will accept risk assessment suggestions without being paid for any cost if the suggested risk assessments fall within his/her tolerance threshold. First, an MCC-FMEA with limited compromise behaviors is presented. Second, experts' tolerance behaviors are added to the MCC-FMEA with limited compromise behaviors.

Antioxidative myricetin-enriched nanoparticles towards acute liver injury.

Acute liver injury (ALI) could severely destroy the liver function and cause inevitable damage to human health. Studies have demonstrated that excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and accompanying inflammatory factors play vital roles in the ALI disease. Herein, we fabricated a kind of nature-inspired myricetin-enriched nanomaterial Michael addition and Schiff base reaction, which possessed uniform morphology, tunable component ratios, great stabilities, promising free radical scavenging abilities, biocompatibility and protective effects towards cells under oxidative stress.

Epicatechin-assembled nanoparticles against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Bioinspired and biosafety antioxidant nanoparticle assemblies from natural occurring molecules have been regarded as a class of effective therapeutic nanomaterials for addressing current inflammatory diseases such as acute kidney injury. In this study, a series of epicatechin-assembled nanoparticles have been developed one-pot enzymatic polymerization of epicatechin. The prepared poly (epicatechin) (PEC) nanoparticles (NPs) showed excellent antioxidant capacity to scavenge multiple toxic free radicals, thus being able to effectively protect cells under oxidative stress conditions .

Wearable microfluidic patch with integrated capillary valves and pumps for sweat management and multiple biomarker analysis.

Wearable sweat sensors are essential for providing insight into human physiological health. The currently developed microfluidic sweat sensors have demonstrated the function of collecting and storing sweat. However, they detect more average concentrations of substances based on time periods, which leads to the fact that real-time measurement for multiple biomarkers remains a grand challenge.

Smart Internal Bio-Glues.

Although smart bio-glues have been well documented, the development of internal bio-glues for non-invasive or minimally invasive surgery is still met with profound challenges such as safety risk and the lack of deep tissue penetration stimuli for internal usage. Herein, a series of smart internal bio-glues are developed via the integration of o-nitrobenzene modified biopolymers with up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). Upon irradiation by near-infrared (NIR) light, the prepared smart bio-glues can undergo a gelation process, which may further induce strong adhesion between tissues under both dry and wet conditions based on multi-interactions.

Robust Natural Polyphenolic Adhesives against Various Harsh Environments.

Although adhesive hydrogels have been extensively explored, the development of adhesives with long-term strong adhesion capacity under various harsh environments is still met with profound challenges such as sophisticated preparation, long-term curing, and low bonding strength. Herein, a series of robust adhesive hydrogels have been developed the polyphenol-epoxy-cross-linking (PEC) reactions between natural polyphenols (extracts) and epoxy glycidyl ethers. The as-prepared natural polyphenolic adhesive hydrogels could induce strong adhesion onto several kinds of typical substrates (i.

In Situ Regeneration of Silicon Microring Biosensors Coated with Parylene C.

Optical biosensors support disease diagnostic applications, offering high accuracy and sensitivity due to label-free detection and their optical resonance enhancement. However, optical biosensors based on noble metal nanoparticles and precise micro-electromechanical system technology are costly, which is an obstacle for their applications. Here, we proposed a biosensor reuse method with nanoscale parylene C film, taking the silicon-on-insulator microring resonator biosensor as an example.

Research on Pt/NiO/WO:Ti/W Multijunction Memristors with Synaptic Learning and Memory Functions.

Artificial synapses based on biological synapses represent a new idea in the field of artificial intelligence with future applications. Current two-terminal RRAM devices have developed tremendously due to the adjustable synaptic plasticity of artificial synapses. However, these devices still have some problems, such as current leakage and poor durability.

Digital Programming Graphene Oxide Liquid Crystalline Hybrid Hydrogel by Shearing Microlithography.

Designing anisotropic architectures enables the creation of soft materials with rich properties and functions to artificially simulate the evolutionary diversity of biology. In the important liquid crystalline hybrid (LCH) hydrogels, free manipulation of liquid crystalline order in high accuracy and efficiency has been long pursued to design properties and functions but remains a challenge. Here, we realize digital programing LC order in graphene oxide LCH hydrogels in high size resolution (∼20 μm) and efficiency by using shearing microlithography.

Physical mechanism for the synapse behaviour of WTiO-based memristors.

Tungsten-based memristors possess many advantages as candidates for memristive devices, including gradual changes in resistance states and memorization and learning functions. However, most previous reports mainly focus on studying synaptic learning rules instead of analysing the internal mechanism that results in the exterior learning rules. Herein, we discuss stacked Au/WTiO/Au and Ti/WTiO/Au devices in which the function of the resistance switch is realized by the externally induced local migration of oxygen ions.

A Linguistic Hierarchy Model with Self-Confidence Preference Relations and Its Application in Co-Regulation of Food Safety in China.

Linguistic preference relations are widely used by decision makers to elicit their preferences over alternatives in the Group Decision Making (GDM) process. Recent studies have shown that self-confidence, as an important human psychological behavior, has an important influence on decision-making results. However, multiple self-confidence levels of decision makers are seldom considered in the linguistic preference relation.

An Optimization-Based Approach to Social Network Group Decision Making with an Application to Earthquake Shelter-Site Selection.

The social network has emerged as an essential component in group decision making (GDM) problems. Thus, this paper investigates the social network GDM (SNGDM) problem and assumes that decision makers offer their preferences utilizing additive preference relations (also called fuzzy preference relations). An optimization-based approach is devised to generate the weights of decision makers by combining two reliable resources: in-degree centrality indexes and consistency indexes.

100 Gb/s Silicon Photonic WDM Transmitter with Misalignment-Tolerant Surface-Normal Optical Interfaces.

A 4 × 25 Gb/s ultrawide misalignment tolerance wavelength-division-multiplex (WDM) transmitter based on novel bidirectional vertical grating coupler has been demonstrated on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. Simulations indicate the bidirectional grating coupler (BGC) is widely misalignment tolerant, with an excess coupling loss of only 0.55 dB within ±3 μm fiber misalignment range.

Epithelial sodium channel enhanced osteogenesis via cGMP/PKGII/ENaC signaling in rat osteoblast.

The amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a major contributor to intracellular sodium homeostasis. In addition to epithelial cells, osteoblasts (Obs) express functional ENaCs. Moreover, a correlation between bone Na content and bone disease has been reported, suggesting that ENaC-mediated Na(+) regulation may influence osteogenesis.