Tunable band alignment and large power conversion efficiency in a two-dimensional InS/ZnInS heterostructure.

Heterostructures can efficiently modulate the bandgap of semiconductors and enhance the separation of photocarriers, thereby enhancing the performance of optoelectronic devices. Herein, we design an InS/ZnInS van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure and investigate its electronic and photovoltaic properties using first principles calculation. Compared to its individual monolayers, the InS/ZnInS heterostructure not only possesses a smaller band gap of 2.

Glucosamine inhibits myoblast proliferation and differentiation, and stimulates myotube atrophy through distinct signal pathways.

Glucosamine (GlcN) is one of the dietary supplements used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Endogenously, GlcN is synthesized from glucose through the hexosamine pathway. In addition to ameliorating arthritis, several biological functions of GlcN have been reported, including insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.

Role of laparoscopy in management of patients with anterior abdominal stab wounds.

Background: In this retrospective cohort study, we assessed the utility of laparoscopic surgery for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in patients with anterior abdominal stab wounds (AASWs). We also investigated patient characteristics that might suggest a greater suitability of laparoscopic interventions.

Methods: Over a 25-year span, we analyzed AASW patients who had operations, categorizing them based on the presence of significant intra-abdominal injuries and whether they received laparoscopic surgery or laparotomy.

Spin-orbit splitting and piezoelectric properties of Janus GeXY (X ≠ Y = P, As, Sb and Bi).

The coexistence of spin-orbit coupling and piezoelectricity in a single material may have potential application in multifunctional devices, including spintronics, nanorobotics and piezotronics. Spin-orbit coupling provides a new means to manipulate electron's spin without an additional external magnetic field, while piezoelectricity refers to the interplay between mechanical stresses and electric polarization. Using first-principles calculations, the structural, electronic, optical, spin, and piezoelectric properties of the Janus GeXY (X ≠ Y = P, As, Sb, and Bi) monolayers were systematically investigated.

Intraoperative ultrasound is valuable for detecting intracranial hematoma progression and decreasing mortality in traumatic brain injury.

Background: Our aim was to explore the clinical benefit of intraoperative ultrasound in decompressive craniectomy (DC) for traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: From January 1, 2018, through April 30, 2021, 54 patients who developed acute subdural hematoma (SDH) due to blunt injury and underwent DC with or without intraoperative ultrasound assistance were retrospectively included in our study. Logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the therapeutic efficacy in the two groups.

Nitric Oxide Mobilizes Intracellular Zn via the GC/cGMP/PKG Signaling Pathway and Stimulates Adipocyte Differentiation.

Plasma and tissue zinc ion levels are associated with the development of obesity. Previous studies have suggested that zinc ions may regulate adipocyte metabolism and that nitric oxide (NO) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of adipocyte physiology. Our previous study showed that chronic NO deficiency causes a significant decrease in adipose tissue mass in rats.

Determination of the site preference on the structure, magnetism and mechanical anisotropy properties of Mo-containing alloy carbide MC (MFe, Mo).

First-principles calculations are used to study the structure, magnetism and mechanical anisotropy properties of MC (M = Fe, Mo) carbides. The stability of alloy carbide MC can be improved when Mo atoms occupy the 48f Wyckoff position. FeMoC with Mo atoms occupying 48f position and Fe atoms occupying 16d and 32e positions has the best structural stability.

Molecular target therapeutics of EGF-TKI and downstream signaling pathways in non-small cell lung cancers.

Lung carcinoma (LC) is the third most common cancer diagnosis and accounted for the most cancer-related mortality worldwide in 2018. Based on the type of cells from which it originates, LC is commonly classified into non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancers (SCLC). NSCLC account for the majority of LC and can be further categories into adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.

Janus GaSeTe/InSSe heterostructures: tunable electronic, optical, and photocatalytic properties.

Vertically stacking two-dimensional materials into van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures (HS) is deemed to be an effective strategy to tailor their physical properties and enrich their applications in modern nanoelectronics. Here, we study the geometry, electronic, and optical properties of Janus GaSeTe/InSSe heterostructures by using first-principles calculations. We consider four models of GaSeTe/InSSe heterostructures with an alternative chalcogen atom layer sequence and five potential stacking configurations, and find that the most energy favorable stacking pattern is AB stacking for each model.

Degradation performance and mechanism toward methyl orange via nanoporous copper powders fabricated by dealloying of ZrCuNiAl metallic glassy precursors.

The catalyst of nanoporous Cu (NP-Cu) powders, with the chemical composition of CuNiO(at%), was successfully fabricated by dealloying of Zr-Cu-Ni-Al metallic glassy precursors. The as-prepared NP-Cu powders, co-existing with CuO phase on Cu ligament surface, had a three-dimensional network porous structure. The NP-Cu powders/HOsystem showed superior catalytic degradation efficiency toward azo dyes in both acidic (pH 2) and neutral (pH 7) environments.

PBK Expression Is Associated With Prognosis of Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Radiotherapy: A Retrospective Study.

Background/aim: To investigate the impact of PDZ-binding kinase (PBK) on the clinical outcome of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who received radiotherapy.

Patients And Methods: PBK immunoreactivity of cancer specimens obtained from 179 patients with primary OSCC was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

Results: High PBK expression in tumor cells tended to be associated with advanced N-stage.

Generation of osimertinib-resistant cells from epidermal growth factor receptor L858R/T790M mutant non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line.

Background: Lung cancer contributes to high cancer mortality worldwide with 80% of total cases diagnosed as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase (TK) domain serves as a druggable target in NSCLC patients with exon 19 deletion and L858R mutation. However, patients eventually succumbed to resistance to first- and second-generation EGFR-TK inhibitors through activation of T790M mutation.

Nanodiamond-based microRNA delivery system promotes pluripotent stem cells toward myocardiogenic reprogramming.

Background: Gene therapy is the advanced therapeutics for supplying or replacing the genetic material in patients with inherited disorders. Recent clinical studies have made some progress in a wide range of applications, including monogenic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, malignant tumors, and congenital diseases. Heart diseases, especially myocardial ischemia, remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and usually result in irreparable cardiomyocyte damage and severe heart failure.

Enhanced electro-catalytic performance of Pd-based hierarchical nanoporous structures fabricated by micropatterning and dealloying of Pd-Ni-P metallic glass.

Pd-based catalysts are of significance for their application in direct alcohol fuel cells, due to the superior electro-catalytic performance and CO poisoning resistance. In this work, using PdNiP metallic glassy ribbon as precursor, micro/nano hierarchical nanoporous structure was constructed by the hybrid approach of thermal plastic micropatterning and subsequently electrochemical dealloying at 0.88 V for 120 min in 0.

CircularRNA as novel biomarkers in liver diseases.

The liver is an essential organ that is primarily responsible for digestion and eliminating toxic substances from the body. After the industrial revolution, Western diet and lifestyle changes have increased the incidence of several liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD and NASH are mostly asymptomatic at early stages, and the disease progression from NAFLD to life-threatening HCC remains not fully understood.

Value of diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy for patients with blunt abdominal trauma: A 10-year medical center experience.

Laparoscopy has been used for the diagnosis and treatment for hemodynamically stable patients with penetrating abdominal trauma. This study evaluated whether diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy can be used as effectively in select patients with blunt abdominal trauma. All hemodynamically stable patients undergoing operations for blunt abdominal trauma over a 10-year period (2006-2015) at a tertiary medical center were included.

The open abdomen in trauma and non-trauma patients: WSES guidelines.

Damage control resuscitation may lead to postoperative intra-abdominal hypertension or abdominal compartment syndrome. These conditions may result in a vicious, self-perpetuating cycle leading to severe physiologic derangements and multiorgan failure unless interrupted by abdominal (surgical or other) decompression. Further, in some clinical situations, the abdomen cannot be closed due to the visceral edema, the inability to control the compelling source of infection or the necessity to re-explore (as a "planned second-look" laparotomy) or complete previously initiated damage control procedures or in cases of abdominal wall disruption.

Traumatic left main bronchial rupture: delayed but successful outcome of robotic-assisted reconstruction.

Tracheobronchial injuries are rare but life-threatening conditions in patients with blunt thoracic trauma. The diagnosis and management of such injury may often be delayed due to other concomitant severe injuries. No reported case of a robotic-assisted bronchial reconstruction has ever been performed for a traumatic bronchial injury.

Celastrol-induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with the activation of the death receptor and the mitochondrial pathway.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a cancer that arises from the epithelium of the nasopharynx. Celastrol is a triterpene from traditional Chinese medicine, which demonstrates anti-proliferative activity in several cancer cell lines. However, the effect of celastrol on human NPC and the underlying mechanisms are not yet elucidated.

Magnetism in the p-type Monolayer II-VI semiconductors SrS and SrSe.

Using density functional theory calculations, we study the electronic and magnetic properties of the p-type monolayer II-VI semiconductors SrX (X = S,Se). The pristine SrS and SrSe monolayers are large band gap semiconductor with a very flat band in the top valence band. Upon injecting hole uniformly, ferromagnetism emerges in those system in a large range of hole density.

Laparoscopy decreases the laparotomy rate for hemodynamically stable patients with blunt hollow viscus and mesenteric injuries.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of laparoscopy on patients with blunt hollow viscus and mesenteric injuries (BHVMIs).

Methods: Hemodynamically stable patients with BHVMIs were diagnosed using computed tomography and serial examinations. Patients admitted from July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2006 underwent exploratory laparotomy (group A), and those admitted from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2013 received laparoscopy (group B).